1、课后限时作业(五)语言知识练.单句语法填空1Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _saying_(say) nothing about the argument.2With a lot of mathematical problems _solved_(solve), Jack went to bed.3The professor was invited by the school _to_speak_(speak) to the new students.4The players _selected_(select) from the team are expec
2、ted to bring us honor this afternoon.5He still remembers _being_taken_(take) to Shanghai when he was very young.句型训练1他说他非常希望看到这个问题被解决。He said that he was eager to _see_the_problem_solved_.2忽视这两个研究结果的不同将是最糟糕的错误。_Ignoring_the_difference_between_the_two_research_findings_ will be the worst mistake.3很明显
3、这些花需要马上浇水。It is obvious that these flowers _need_watering/to_be_watered_ at once.4照顾那样小的孩子是非常不容易的。It is very difficult _to_take_care_of_ such a little child.5从他的口音判断， 他来自南方。_Judging_from/by_his_accent_， he is from the south. 高考题型练.阅读理解Spend five minutes in a tropic city and youll be running into the
4、 nearest airconditioned refuge. In some countries across Asia, air conditioning(AC) is increasingly being considered a necessity. But one architecture firm, T 3 Architecture Asia, is trying to use a different way to keep cool. The firm that has offices in Vietnam and France specializes in backtobasi
5、cs “bioclimatic architecture”. By making use of the climate and vegetation, the firm can naturally create a comfortable indoor climate.In cooperation with the World Bank, the company built an affordable apartment building in Ho Chi Minh City, which houses 350 families in a neighborhood where AC bill
6、s were to be avoided.Covered openair corridors, ventilated (通风的) roofs, fiberglass insulation(隔热材料) and the use of natural materials make the building both natural light and ventilation.“We try to avoid big glass facades(立面) facing east or west, because that would make the building like an oven in a
7、 tropical climate，” the manager of the firm says. “If you work with the main wind stream and have smart sun protection, you can do ityou really can design buildings that need no air conditioning in a hot place.”Gallavardin explains that a typical bioclimatic T 3 building is naturally about 22 cooler
8、 than the outside temperature, with the ceiling fan doing the rest of the work. Since that first project, Gallavardin has built several luxury bioclimatic hotels, a concept restaurant, and even his own green office for the T 3 team.In China, American architecture firm Perkins & Will took a bioclimat
9、ic approach to the new Shanghai Natural History Museumwhile the building provides airconditioning in gallery areas to protect the artwork from humidity. It also has automated windows and skylights to naturally ventilate public areas.本文为说明文。在热带的城市里，没有空调的大楼简直是不可想象的，为此建筑师们设计出了一种不用空调也能凉爽的建筑。1How does th
10、e firm make the building comfortable in hot weather?ABy using electric fans on the ceilings.BBy using the weather and plants around.CBy using a special kind of technology.DBy asking the families to live together.解析 B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句By making use of the climate and vegetation, the firm can naturally c
11、reate a comfortable indoor climate可知，这个公司利用的是天气和周围的植被，故选B项。2What will happen if big glass facades face east or west in a tropical climate?AThe building will become very hot.BThe building will let in more fresh air.CThe building will become much cooler.DThe building needs no air conditioning.解析 A推理判断
12、题。根据第四段第一句中的We try to avoid big glass facades(立面) facing east or west, because that would make the building like an oven in a tropical climate可知，要尽量避免大玻璃立面朝东或朝西，因为热带气候会使建筑物像个烤箱，故选A项。3In gallery areas airconditioning is provided to _.Akeep the artwork dryBkeep the artwork dampClet in more fresh airDm
13、aintain the water in the air解析 A细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的while the building provides airconditioning in gallery areas to protect the artwork from humidity可知，美术馆用空调的目的是防止艺术品潮湿，故选A项。4What could be the best title for the passage?AGreen Solutions to Cool BuildingsBBuilding Without Air ConditioningCStrange Ways
14、to Put up BuildingsDAir Conditioning Being a Necessity解析 A标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了建筑师们在热带城市建造大楼时，充分利用气候和植被来使大楼凉爽，因此用A项作标题最能概括文章的主旨，故选A项。.完形填空It is reported that Americans would discard(丢弃) over 130 million cellphones65,000 pounds of trasha year for the next three years. Cellphones are filled with _1_ materials
15、 such as lead, zinc(锌) and arsenic(砷). The discarded _2_ will do great harm to the environment. There are, however, _3_ programs for cellphones. _4_， most people dont know these programs.The _5_ to these problems is not heavy regulations, but education. Currently, students _6_ learn about environmen
16、tal problems. If people understood the dangers of plastic bags, they would _7_ reusable ones. If people knew what was in their fertilizer, there would be a change in their _8_.Over the past years, American children have responded to education: After _9_ the bad effects of smoking, the first place pe
17、ople _10_ was the school. As a result, the percentage of teenagers smoking dropped _11_. Education did _12_！ Why not use it to solve environmental problems?Also, with more education about the environment, more students could go into _13_ professions. With more bright people researching the clean _14
18、_， we could _15_ from coal and gasoline to hydrogen or solar power more quickly.Of course, this education does not have to be _16_ to schools. Any _17_ can have exhibits on what you can do for the environment. Television PSAs(公益广告) can _18_ about not just general issues but _19_ things people can do
19、 to protect environment.With more children learning about their _20_ and entering into relevant professions, our environment will be saved.1A.useful BpoisonousCharmless Dsustainable2A.citizens BbuttonsCphones Daffairs3A.recycling BlearningCdeveloping Dvolunteering4A.Luckily BUnfortunatelyCEventually
20、 DOriginally5A.reason BresultCsolution Dattention6A.eagerly BusuallyCeffectively Drarely7A.decide BchooseCabandon Dstick8A.lifestyle BcustomCfood Dplace9A.having BfollowingClistening Drealizing10A.argue with Btalk aboutCset aside Dturn to11A.sharply BslightlyChardly Dspecially12A.use BgoCwork Dcome1
21、3A.medical BchemicalCenvironmental Dphysical14A.water BgasCsource Denergy15A.adapt BtransferClack Dproduce16A.blamed BloadedCaddicted Dlimited17A.museum BhospitalCschool Dshop18A.inform BdealCdeclare Ddebate19A.common BspecificCnormal Dtiny20A.thoughts BcustomsCsurroundings Dhabits本文为应用文。据报道， 未来三年，
22、美国人每年都将丢弃1.3亿多部手机， 手机中的有毒物质会对环境产生巨大的危害。环境问题应该怎样解决呢？作者认为， 保护环境重在教育， 但环保教育不能仅限于学校。1解析 B根据空处所在句的下一句“会对环境造成巨大的伤害”， 可推知， 手机里充满了“有毒的”物质。useful有用的；poisonous有毒的；harmless无害的；sustainable可持续的。2解析 C句意：被丢弃的手机将会对环境产生极大的伤害。citizen公民；button按钮， 纽扣；phone电话；affair事情。根据上文中的cellphones可知选C项。3解析 A句意：然而， 有回收利用废旧手机的项目。recyc
23、le回收利用；learn学习；develop开发， 发展；volunteer自愿。A项符合语境， 故选A项。4解析 B根据空后的dont know these programs可知， 大多数人都不知道这些项目， 这是不幸的。luckily幸运地；unfortunately不幸地；eventually最后， 终于；originally起初。B项符合语境， 故选B项。5解析 C句意：解决这些问题不能靠严厉的法规， 而要靠教育。根据下文的内容可知， 尤其是第三段最后一句可知， 此处指解决这些环境问题的办法。reason理由， 原因；result结果；solution解决办法， 答案；attentio
24、n注意力， 关注。C项符合语境， 故选C项。6解析 D根据空处下一句可知， 目前， 学生很少了解环境问题。eagerly渴望地， 热切地；usually通常；effectively实际上， 有效地；rarely很少， 罕有地。D项符合语境， 故选D项。7解析 B句意：如果人们了解了塑料袋的危害， 他们就会选择可重复使用的袋子。decide决定；choose选择；abandon放弃，抛弃；stick粘贴。B项符合语境， 故选B项。8解析 A句意：如果人们知道化肥中有什么， 他们的生活方式将会改变。lifestyle生活方式；custom风俗， 习惯。四个选项中与化肥相关， 且易改变的只有生活方式
25、， 故选A项。9解析 D根据下文可知， 人们求助于学校之后， 青少年吸烟人数减少， 由此可知， 此处指人们在意识到吸烟的危害后。follow跟随， 理解；realize意识到，故选D项。10解析 D句意：在意识到吸烟的危害后， 人们求助的第一个地方就是学校。根据本段第一句中的have responded to education及空处下一句可知， 学生对教育会有良好的反应， 且取得了很好的效果， 由此可知， 此处指人们首先想到的是向学校求助。argue with和争吵；talk about谈论；set aside把放置一旁， 不理会；turn to转向， 求助于。11解析 A句意：结果青少年吸
26、烟的比例急剧下降。sharply急剧地；slightly轻微地；hardly几乎不；specially特别地， 专门地。根据上下文可知选A项。12解析 C句意：教育真的起作用了。work工作；起作用；产生效果。C项符合语境， 故选C项。13解析 C句意：而且， 随着对环保教育宣传力度的加大， 更多的学生可能会从事环保职业。medical医学的；chemical化学的；environmental环境的；physical物质的， 身体的。根据状语部分的the environment可知选C项。14解析 D句意：由于有更多聪明的人在研究清洁能源， 我们可能更快就从煤和汽油转变为氢气或者太阳能。wat
27、er水；gas气体；source来源；energy精力， 能源。空后提到的四种均为能源， 故选D项。15解析 B句意见上题解析。根据空后的from coal and gasoline to hydrogen or solar power可知， 此处指能源的转变， 故选B项。adapt改编， 适应；transfer转变；lack缺乏；produce生产。16解析 D根据下文中的can have exhibits on what you can do for the environment. Television PSAs can可知， 环保教育包含多个方面， 而不能仅限于学校。blame责怪；l
28、oad使担负， 装载；addict使沉迷；limit限制。D项符合语境， 故选D项。17解析 A句意：任何一家博物馆(museum)都可以就人们能为环境做什么举办多次展览会。根据空后的exhibits也可知选A项。18解析 A句意：电视的公益广告可以不只是告知一般问题， 而是要告知人们可以做什么具体的事情来保护环境。inform告知；deal处理；declare宣布， 声称；debate辩论；争论。根据Television的作用可知选A项。19解析 B句意见上题解析。common常见的， 普遍的；specific具体的；normal正常的；tiny极小的。根据general和but可知选B项。
29、 20解析 C句意：随着更多的孩子了解他们的环境并且从事相关的职业， 我们的环境将会得到拯救。thought思想， 想法；custom风俗， 习惯；surroundings环境；habit习惯。根据上文反复出现的environment可知选C项。.语法填空Sherlock Holmes is a fictional character 1._(create) by British author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle over 100 years ago. He first 2._(appear) in print in 1887 in A S
30、tudy in Scarlet, and has permeated(渗透) popular culture 3._ over a century. He has become famous for his early use of deductive(演绎的) reasoning, as well as his strange personality. In total, Holmes features in four novels and fiftysix short stories. The majority of these 4._(write) from the view of hi
31、s friend Dr Watson, but two are from Holmes own view. The final two are written in 5._ third person. His adventures took place from around 1880 to 1914 when the character was once assumed 6._(die). Although 7._(initial) he was a character in novels and short stories, Sherlock Holmes has become a wel
32、lknown character on the big and small screen. In fact, he has the honour of 8._(hold) the official Guinness World Record for the“Most Portrayed Movie Character”. More than seventy 9._(act) have played the role in over 200 films. Sherlock Holmes continues to entertain audience after over 100 years 10
33、._ there is no sign of his appeal waning(变弱) anytime soon. 本文为说明文，介绍了英国作家阿瑟柯南道尔虚构的夏洛克福尔摩斯这一人物成名的原因以及这一人物出场的作品等。1created解析 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，且空前无连词，故此处用非谓语动词形式。句中的名词character与动词create之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。2appeared解析 考查时态。根据时间状语in 1887可知，该句应用一般过去时，故填appeared。3for解析 考查介词。谓语用现在完成时，时间状语应为一段时间，故用介词for。4are wr
34、itten解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据下文的but two are from Holmes own view可知，该句应用一般现在时，且句子的主语为The majority of these，与动词write之间为动宾关系，故填are written。5the解析 考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词，表示“第几”的意思。in the third person用第三人称。6dead解析 考查词性转换。动词assume后接不定式结构。be assumed to be形容词或名词，其中to be可以省略。故填dead。7initially解析 考查词性转换。因为充当状语修饰整个句子，故用副词initially。8holding解析 考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动词作宾语，应用动名词形式，故填holding。9actors解析 考查词性转换和名词的数。因为该句的谓语动词为have played，故其主语为复数形式，且此处表示“演这个角色”，指的是人，故填actors。10and解析 考查并列连词。分析该句可知，设空前后为并列分句，故填and。
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