1、广西省防城港市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮（第一阶段）训练（6）及答案【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “One City One Book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gainess A Lesson Before Dying，a
2、nd Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451.“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Librarys Washington Center for the Boo
3、k.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.Each citys program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.
4、Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，its not an exercise in civics，and that its not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.” Programs typically involve more than having everyone read th
5、e same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the
6、 “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.American Library Association puts out a detailed stepbystep guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Cen
7、ter for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。4“One City One Book” programs_.Aask everyone in a city to donate one book Bcan rid a city of racial divide through readingCchoose short stories for people to read D
8、encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句可知，这个活动旨在让同一个城市的人们读同一本书并共同评论这本书。答案D5We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs_.Abecame popular very quicklyBhave been held more than 400 times in SeattleCwere sponsored by the Library of Congress
9、Dreached its peak in 2007解析推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，当西雅图在1998年首先推出这个活动以后，其他城市也纷纷效仿，到2007年这个活动已经在400多个城市推出，可见这个活动流行得非常迅速。答案A6We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl_.Aexpects much from the programs Bdidnt expect that the programs would run so wellChas a practical attitude towards the programs Db
10、elieves the programs will push forward community building解析推理判断题。从文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的话可知，她警告人们不要对这个活动期望太多，说明她对这个活动持有十分务实的态度。答案C7What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?AIt picks out the city which runs the programs well.BIt gives free books to the host city.CIt gives
11、a practical guide to the programs.DIt keeps a record of all known programs.解析细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，美国图书馆协会负责具体指导活动的开展。答案C 阅读理解 Chocolate soap is supposed to be good for the skin. But its not so good for the tongue. Unfortunately for the US soldiers of World War II, the chocolate bars the army gave them ta
12、sted like they were intended for use in the bath.In the armys defense, it wasnt trying to win any cooking awards. In fact, it specifically ordered that its chocolate bars not be too delicious, so soldiers wouldnt eat them too quickly. These bars were created for survival, not taste. “They were awful
13、,” John Otto, a former army captain in World War II said. “They were big, thick things, and they werent any good. I tried em, but I had to be awful hungry after I tried them once.” As unappealing as the chocolate bars were to some, others liked them. Samuel Hinkle, the chemist who created the chocol
14、ate bars, pointed out that the number of bars made were far greater than the army needed. “It soon became obvious that the generous American soldiers were sharing their valued possessions with their foreign friends, whether soldiers of other countries or local citizens.”The bars turned many hungry E
15、uropeans into friends of the United States. “People wanted them,” said Otto. “Youd give them to kids. In some places they were very hungry. And they sure helped relax people about American soldiers.” Otto said he never saw a European turn his or her nose up at the chocolate. “It was food,” he said.
16、“At that time, everyone was very hungry. I saw German kids standing outside the U.S. army kitchen. They werent begging, just standing there very politely. When we were done, the kids would eat the food out of the garbage. They were that hungry.”Other Europeans did not see chocolate until well after
17、the war ended. “We didnt see any Americans where I was,” said Elizabeth Radsma, who was 25 years old when the Germans occupied her country, the Netherlands. “Even after the war, we saw only English. Maybe the Americans gave out some chocolate in the big cities, but we were only in a small town. Befo
18、re the British, we saw only German soldiers. But chocolate? Dont make me laugh! Maybe in my dreams!”A soldier in the field might have responded “Be careful what you wish for” and then gratefully bit down on a chocolate bar, the only food available for miles.11. What was the American soldiers attitud
19、e towards the chocolate bars? A. They were delicious. B. They tasted awful. C. They were necessary for survival. D. Too many of them were produced.12. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The US soldiers used the chocolate bars as bath soap. B. The US soldiers did not have eno
20、ugh food during World War II. C. The US army produced more chocolate bars than necessary for its soldiers. D. European people regretted eating chocolate bars from the US soldiers.13. The underlined expression “turn his or her nose up at” probably means _. A. reject B. demandC. receiveD. smell14. Why
21、 does the author mention the German kids story? A. To tell how friendly the American soldiers were. B. To describe the hunger in post-war Germany. C. To prove German kids could be very polite. D. To show how much they were eager for chocolates.15. Elizabeth Radsma never saw chocolate during the war
22、because _. A. the US soldiers handed out all of them to people in big cities B. the German soldiers kept them all for themselves C. the British soldiers didnt share them with the local people D. the US soldiers never showed up in the small town she lived in【参考答案】1115、BCABD阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列
23、短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 APhysical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and proper rest for physical recovery. A person who is physically fit will be able to walk or run without getting breathless and he or she will be able to
24、 carry out the activities of everyday living and will not need help. How much each person can do will depend on their age and whether they are a man or woman. A physically fit person usually has a normal weight for height. The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index. A talle
25、r person can be heavier and still be fit. If a person is too heavy or too thin for the height it may affect the health. Mental health refers to a persons emotional and psychological well-being. A state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her thinkin
26、g and emotional (feeling) abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life. One way to think about mental health is by looking at how well a person functions. Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, an
27、d leading an independent life, and being able to bounce back, or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health. This is fixed by organized efforts an
28、d choices of society, public and private clubs, communities and individuals.It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person. Public health stops instead of encouraging a disease through surveillance (监督) of cases. To prevent being sick, it is good to do healthy behaviors,
29、 such as hand washing, vaccination programs and so on. When infectious diseases break out, washing hands may be especially important.26. What is the best title of the passage?A. Physical, Mental and Public HealthB. Something about HealthC. Importance of HealthD. Three healthy Lives【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。根据P
30、hysical fitness refers to good health及Mental health refers to a persons emotional and psychological well-being.及Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health.这是主题句，分别叙述了身体健康，精神健康及公共卫生，故选A。27. What does “Body
31、 Mass Index” in Paragraph 1 consist of?A. Exercise, proper diet and nutritionB. Abilities, functions and demandsC. Recovery, independence and relationD. Height, weight and their relation.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index.可知身高体重及它们之间的关系，故选D。28. What
32、 are the signs of mental health?A. Living an independent life and suffer from hardships.B. Reducing normal levels of stress and handle bounce back. C. Increasing emotional demands and psychological well-being.D. Living an independent life and own good friends and family.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Feeling capa
33、ble and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to bounce back, or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.过着独立的生活拥有好朋友和家庭，故选D。29. Once Bird Flu takes place, that refers to _.A. the pro
34、blem of physical healthB. the problem of public healthC. the problem of mental healthD. the importance of washing hands【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community及 It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person.公共健
35、康不是指一个人的而是指一个社区或集体，禽流感的发生是由于公共健康的问题，故选B。30. What can promote your body health according to the passage?A. Family, society and individuals.B. Private clubs, communities and individuals.C. Regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition.D. Hand washing, vaccination and other healthy behaviors.【答案】C【解析】细节理
36、解题。根据Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition,适当的锻炼，适量的饮食及营养能够促进身体健康，故选C。阅读理解-DSince the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM 2.5 readings terri
37、fied many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.So the n
38、eed to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere. Smog especially is a common concern. Like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or vocation. People with higher incomes are able to drink only b
39、ottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else. At a meeting on Monday, many Representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capi
40、tal airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? Its for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life, he said. China needs to develop its economy and in
41、vest(投资) in high-tech. Every Chinese wants a strong country. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet
42、 because they have destroyed Earth. What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. President Hu Jintao spoke at the 18th Party Congress last November saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central government
43、s resolution to address the environment issue. 41The effect of smog doesnt include .Athe rising of PM 2.5 readingsBmore people suffering diseasesCthe increase of peoples incomeDpatients increased in hospital【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据The rising PM 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts sa
44、id that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.烟雾引起PM的指数的增加，人们患病的人增多因而医院的病人增多，人们的收入的增加并不是由于烟雾的影响，故选C。42Why smog has become a common concern?ABecause people have to pay higher prices.BBecause nobody can avoid it.CBecause we
45、have to develop industry.DBecause a popular online-post discussed it.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Smog especially is a common concern.及they breathe the same air as everyone else. 因为每一个都需呼吸有烟雾是任何人都避免不了的事情，故选B。43To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but .Awe have to sacrifice air as the priceBthe dir
46、ty air is not what we wantCecological progress can be ignoredDthe smog is the only byproduct【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China.我们为了发展经济使中国变得更加强大，但是不能牺牲我们的空气的质量，故选B。44The underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refers to .Ahuman beingsBother plantsCspace technologies
47、Dindustrial development【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.这里用代词代替前面出现的名词human beings，故选A。45From the last two paragraphs we can infer that .Ahigh-tech can completely solve the problem of pollutionBspace technologies should be developed in a large scaleCwe can move to the Mars after the earth has been destroyedDwe must protect the environment while developing economy【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据The words have shown the central governments resolution to address the environment issue. 当发展经济的时候我们要保护环境，故选D。