1、Module 6War and Peace Section Grammar虚拟语气(2)语法图解课文原句感知I wish I knew the answer to the question at the moment.We wish we had studied harder when at school.I wish I could fly to the moon one day.Id rather you paid the money yourself.Id rather she hadnt done that then.The workers demanded that their wa
2、ges (should) be increased.The boss ordered the stuff that they (should) finish the task before this Friday.He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.My suggestion is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.It is important that students (should) attend all the lectures.语法领悟
3、(1)由句可知，wish 后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况，用“would/could/might动词原形”表示与将来相反的情况。(2)句中，would rather 后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。(3)句的名词性从句中，从句均采用虚拟语气，且从句的谓语动词为should动词原形，should 可以省略。一、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1动词 wish 后的宾语从句在 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与现在的事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去的事实相反用过
4、去完成时；表示与将来的事实相反用 could/would/might动词原形。I wish I were ten years younger.我希望能年轻10岁。(对现在的虚拟)I wish you had come to the lecture.我但愿你当时来听报告了。(对过去的虚拟)I wish all my classmates would come to the gettogether next month.我希望下个月所有的同学都来参加聚会。(对将来的虚拟)即学即练1用所给词的适当形式填空I wish he were (be) with us at this special mome
5、nt.How I wish I had_followed (follow) my parents advice.She wishes she would_be_admitted (admit) to a famous university this year.I wish I had_met (meet) that film star yesterday.2表示“建议、要求、命令”等的动词后的宾语从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。常见的表示“建议、要求、命令”等的动词有：suggest, insist, demand, request, desire, or
6、der, ask, advise, propose, command, recommend, require 等。The organization demanded that the report (should) be made public.这个组织要求应该公开这份报告。They advise that children (should) keep away from the river.他们建议孩子要远离河水。I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.我建议我们今晚开个会。He insisted we (should) stop
7、at a small restaurant just outside of Atlanta.他坚持让我们在亚特兰大市外不远的一家小餐馆歇歇脚。名师点津当 insist 表示“坚持认为；坚持说”；suggest 表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。She insisted that she had seen someone come out of her room.她坚持说她看见有人从她房间里出来。The report suggested that the same trend was at work in politics.这份报告表明，同一趋势也在影响着政治。即学即练2用所给词的
8、适当形式填空He suggested that we (should)_start (start) off early.He requested that the meeting (should)_be_put (put) off to Saturday.The man insisted that he had_not_stolen (not steal) the money. He thought he was innocent.3would rather 后的宾语从句，谓语用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。Id rather that you came tomo
9、rrow.我宁愿你明天来。Id rather that you had come yesterday.你昨天来了该有多好。即学即练3用所给词的适当形式填空Wed rather you didnt_drive (not drive) after drinking.Id rather you had_not_told (not tell) him the news that day.I would rather you had_gone (go) just now.I would rather we had (have) a rest now.二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用1在“it is ess
10、ential/important/necessary/strange/surprising.that 从句”中，that 从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。Its strange that tourists (should) never visit this village.很奇怪，游客竟然从不参观这个村子。It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。2在“it is suggested
11、/demanded/ordered/recommended/required等表示“要求、建议、命令”的过去分词that 从句”中，that 从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。It is required that we (should) get everything ready this evening.要求我们今晚一切都准备就绪。3在“it is名词that”引导的主语从句中，从句中谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。这类名词都是表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等的名词，如：advice, desir
12、e, demand, idea, order, pity, proposal, recommendation, requirement, shame, suggestion, surprise, wonder 等。It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外进一步学习。即学即练4完成句子It is strange that such things (should) happen in our school.真奇怪这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。It is suggested that you attend
13、the opening ceremony.有人建议你出席开幕式。三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用Its (high/about) time (that).句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should动词原形”(其中 should 通常不可省略)，句意为“确实到了的时候了”。It is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.确实到了我们采取措施解决这个问题的时候了。即学即练5用动词的适当形式填空It is time that you should_reflect/reflected (reflect) upon y
14、our mistakes.It is high time we should_put/put (put) an end to this controversy.四、虚拟语气在表语从句/同位语从句中的应用1当某些表示建议、请求、命令等的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。2当某些表示建议、请求、命令等的名词后面接同位语从句时，从句谓语用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。Her advice is that we (should) leave at once.她的建议就是我们应该马上离开。名师点津这类表示建议、请求、命
15、令等的名词常见的有：demand (要求)，desire (请求)，requirement (要求)，advice (劝告)，recommendation (建议)，suggestion (建议)，order (命令)，proposal (提议)等。即学即练6用所给词的适当形式填空My suggestion is that we should_go (go) to Yunnan for sightseeing.The professor gave orders that the test (should)_be_finished (finish) before 5 oclock.My advi
16、ce is that you (should)_quit (quit) smoking.五、虚拟语气在 as if/though 引导的从句中的应用在 as if 引导的方式状语和表语从句中，如果从句的动作指现在的情况，则用一般过去时；如果表示过去的动作，则用过去完成时；如果表示将来的动作，则用 could/would/might动词原形。He looks as if he were an artist.他看起来真像个艺术家。He spoke English as though he had studied it in England before.他英语说得好像他以前在英国学过一样。即学即练
17、7完成句子People treat him as if he were a dangerous person.人们把他看作是一个危险人物。He talked as if/though he had known it.他谈起来好像已知道此事。She opened her mouth as if/though she would say something.她张开嘴好像要说什么。六、虚拟语气在 if only 引导的感叹句中的应用表示目前不可能实现的愿望从句中谓语用一般过去时，be 动词常用 were表示过去不可能实现的愿望从句中谓语用过去完成时表示将来不可能实现的愿望从句中谓语用过去将来时If
18、only I were a girl!要是我是一个女孩多好啊！If only I had passed the last exam!要是我通过了上次的考试多好啊！即学即练8用动词的适当形式填空If only I were (be) a flying bird.If only my friend were (be) here with me now.If only you had_told (tell) me the truth yesterday.链接高考单句语法填空1(2017江苏)Were (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the s
19、tudent could not overcome her difficulty.2(2015天津)I wish I had_been (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.3(2015陕西)Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I danced (dance) as well as her.4(2015江苏)It might have saved me some trouble had I known (know) the
20、schedule.5(2014重庆)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it?6(2014陕西)We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.7(2014天津)Had he caught (catch) the morning train, he would not have been
21、 late for the meeting.8(2014福建)Were (be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.9(2013陕西)My mom suggests that we (should)_eat (eat) out for a change this weekend.10(2013浙江)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (should)_be (be) at the age of six months old.