1、第四讲从“宾语”及“宾语补足语”角度释解代词和非谓语动词编者按：宾语是动作、行为的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和宾语从句等。宾语补足语是用来说明宾语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。可以用作补足语的有：形容词、名词、不定式、分词和介词短语等。本讲主要讲代词和非谓语动词(不定式、分词和动名词)，其他形式放到后面讲解。第1课时代词真题集训明考点一、 语法填空常考点1. （2020新课标I卷短文改错）Data about the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other tre
2、asures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 2.（2020山东卷语法填空）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43（walking）(walk)through a rai
3、nforest.1(2019北京高考)Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to _ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”2(2018全国卷)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _ a try.3(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frigh
4、tened each other, I was just glad to find _ (they) alive.4(2018浙江6月高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to eat out.5(2017浙江6月高考)“She thought I had hurt _ (I)，” says Pahlsson.6(2016全国卷)On my recent visit, I held a lively
5、threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother.二、短文改错常考点1. （2020新课标I卷短文改错）“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed.2. （2020新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kungfu in China.3. （2020新课标II卷短文改错）But he insists on us eating healthy food.1(2019全国卷)In the cafe, customers wi
6、ll enjoy yourselves in the historical environment which is created for them._2(2018全国卷)The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals._3(2018全国卷)I had done myself homework, but I was shy._4(2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was taken, I en
7、tered my second year of high school .This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days._5(2016全国卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books._6(2016全国卷)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions
8、by yourself._答案：一、 语法填空常考点1. 69. much 考查不定代词。句意为“月球的构成成分包含多少冰和其他物质”。由于 ice 为不可数名词，故应用 how much。 70. its 考查代词。根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词 its 作名词plans 的定语。 2.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。1 解析：myself本句主语为I，宾语与主语同指一人，
9、应用反身代词。whisper to oneself为固定短语，表示“低声对自己说”，故填myself。2解析：it/running根据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应该尝试一下跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可直接填名词running。3解析：them空格前面是动词find，空格处应用代词作find的宾语，人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。4解析：it此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to eat out为真正的主语。5解析：myself句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己。”根据前面的I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。6解析
10、：its句意：在最近的一次参观中，“我”抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎(大熊猫)中的一只，它被它的妈妈遗弃了。根据句意可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词mother。二、短文改错常考点1.（2020新课标I卷短文改错）“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed.【答案】us me 【解析】纵观全文可知，此文以第一人称的口吻叙述，并且做菜的只有“我一人”，故将 us 改为 me。2.（2020新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kungfu in China.【答案】
11、yours your/you 考查代词。【解析】作介词宾语的动名词前可以用人称代词的宾格形式或形容词性物主代词作其逻辑主语，此处 learning kungfu 为动名词 短语，因此将 yours 改为 your 或 you。 3.（2020新课标II卷短文改错）But he insists on us eating healthy food.【答案】he she 考查代词。【解析】根据上下文可知，本句句意为“但是母亲坚持让我们吃健康的食物”，故应用人称代词 she 指代母亲。 1解析：yourselvesthemselves句子主语为customers，此处表示顾客们将会享受乐趣，应用反身代
12、词的第三人称复数形式，enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得开心，享受乐趣”。2解析：anotherother句中的animals是复数形式，所以修饰该名词的限定词应该用other。another“又一，再一”修饰可数名词单数，可数名词复数前用other，意为“其他的”。3解析：myselfmy/the此处表示“我”已经完成了我的家庭作业。my是形容词性物主代词，作 homework的定语，myself不作定语；此处也可用定冠词the，表示特指。4解析：yourmy此处意为“这张照片常常让我想起我高中时的许多快乐的记忆”，故应改为代词my。5解析：yourour根据前面的主语we可知
13、，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。6(2016全国卷)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself._解析：yourselfmyself根据前面的I可知，此处指“我自己做决定”，故改为myself。语法精析知规则(一)人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1基本用法类别主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词功能作主语作宾语、同位语等作定语作主语、表语或宾语作宾语、表语或同位语第一I(我)memyminemyself人称we(我们)usouroursourselves第二you(
14、你)youyouryoursyourself人称you(你们)youyouryoursyourselves第三人称he(他)himhishishimselfshe(她)herherhersherselfit(它)ititsitsitselfthey(他们)themtheirtheirsthemselves2反身代词的习惯用法与介词搭配by oneself独自地 for oneself亲自of oneself自动地 in oneself 本质上；本身与动词搭配come to oneself苏醒；恢复知觉dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣devote oneself to 致力于；献身于b
15、ehave oneself 表现得体；有礼貌apply oneself to 专心致志于help oneself to 随便吃/用enjoy oneself 玩得开心(二)it的用法1it的基本用法用法例句指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等It is early spring, but it is already hot.现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。代替前面提过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词Although he didnt like it, I decided to see the movie anyway.尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不
16、明身份的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁)What will you call it if it is a boy？要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？2it作形式主语或形式宾语常用句型it作形式主语It is a pity/shame that .真可惜It is no wonder that . 难怪It seems/appears that . 似乎/看来It looks/seems as if/as though . 看起来好像It happens that . 碰巧It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb.that .某人突然想起It is said/
17、reported that . 据说/据报道It is certain that . 是一定的It is no use/good doing . 做没有用/好处It takes sb.some time to do .做花费某人若干时间it作形式宾语主语think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep .itadj./n.(for/of sb.) to do/that从句主语think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep .ituseless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a
18、 waste of time(money/energy .)doing .(三)不定代词1both, all, either, neither与none的区别代词用法both(1)表示“两者(都)”。(2)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(3)与not连用表示部分否定，意为“两者并不都”。(表示全部否定需用neither)all(1)指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部”。(2)作主语，指人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。(3)与not连用表示部分否定。(表示完全否定需用none)either(1)表示“(两者中的)任何一个”。(表示三者或三者以上的人或
19、物中的“任何一个”需用any)(2)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。neither(1)表示“(两者)都不”。(2)单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。none(1)表示“(三者及三者以上中)无一个”或“没有一点儿”。(2)后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。(3)既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。2the other, another, others与the others的区别代词用法the other可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”。another泛指三者或三者以上的人或
20、物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。另外，another后可接“基数词/few复数名词(名词表示的事物被看作一个整体)”，表示“另外的(多少)”。others/the othersothers只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物”时用the others。3none, nothing与no one/nobody的区别代词用法none(1)特指语境中提到的人或物，强调数量。(2)后可接of短语，可回答以how many, how much引导的特殊疑问句。nothing(1)指物，表泛指。(2)不可接of短语，可回答wh
21、at引导的特殊疑问句。no one/nobody(1)常指人，仅用于指代可数名词单数。(2)不可接of短语，可回答以who引导的特殊疑问句。应用落实通方法一、单句语法填空1I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after_(I) and live independently.2It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them.3Many singles say the regu
22、lar dating scene has just led them from one bad experience to_ and are ready to try something else.4They had to chase the overprotective mother away first, so that_ could get close enough to rescue the baby.5When tea and coffee were first introduced to Europe in the 18th century, people had differen
23、t ideas about_(they) use.6Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is everyone is going to die at one point, but _of us know the day, or the hour.7All of us have read thrilling stories. In many of _(they) the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.8Both teams were in hard traini
24、ng; _ was willing to lose the game.答案：1. myself 2. It 3. another 4. they 5. their 6. none 7. Them 8. _neither解题技法语法填空解题“2定向”1通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式(1)如果作主语，则用人称代词的主格； (2)如果作宾语或表语，则用人称代词的宾格； (3)如果作定语，则用形容词性物主代词； (4)如果作宾语、表语或同位语且又反射到句子主语，则用反身代词。2通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it(1)如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；(2)如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则
25、用it；(3)如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；(4)注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to .it从句。二、单句改错1My parents took me to see our doctor, who told me what was a good idea to eat only a little.2It is a very precious present from mine Canadian teacher, which I treasure very much.3At 10：00, we put on performanc
26、es, like singing and dancing. Then they played games together！4My father is the man I respect most. Strict as he may be, he never fails to show her care and consideration5About 36% of them are fond of surfing the Internet, which helps him know about the latest news and current affairs in the world.6
27、Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easygoing.答案：1.whatit 2.minemy 3.theywe 4.herhis 5.himthem 6.去掉it解题技法短文改错解题“3注意”1避免张冠李戴，注意前后一致性注意前后人称、性别、单复数是否一致。 2分析句子成分，掌握固定短语(1)根据所充当的句子成分正确使用人称代词、物主代词和反身代词；(2)注意一些含代词的固定短语。3搞清范围，确定不定代词(1)两者：二者选其一用either; 二者都不选用neither; 二者都选用both；(2)三者
28、或三者以上：三者或三者以上的任何一个用any; 三者或三者以上都不选用none; 三者或三者以上都选用all；(3)其他：若表示“另外一个”用another; 若在名词前用other; 若不跟名词且指代复数，用others；(4)肯定句用something，否定句和疑问句用anything。三、高考写作佳句1(2019全国卷书面表达)如果我被选中，我会致力于成为一名合格的志愿者。_2 (2019全国卷书面表达)更重要的是，我愿意帮助他人，所以我想在业余时间当一名志愿者。_3 (2019全国卷书面表达)我认为这对英国人来说是一个体验中国文化的好机会。_4 (2018北京高考书面表达)然后我展示给
29、他们怎样泡茶。_5 (2017天津高考书面表达)现在我写信告诉你最近我生活和学习的一些事。_答案：1Were_I_chosen,_I_would_devote_myself_to_being_a_qualified_volunteer.2More_importantly,_I_am_willing_to_help_others,_so_I_would_like_to_be_a_volunteer_in_my_spare_time.3I_think_it_a_really_good_opportunity_for_British_to_experience_Chinese_culture._4T
30、hen_I_showed_them_how_to_make_tea.5Now_Im_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_my_life_and_study_in_recent_days.第2课时非谓语动词编者按：非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但仍保留动词的某种特征的动词形式。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词四种形式。非谓语动词已经成为语法填空、短文改错的必考点和常考点。真题集训明考点一、语法填空常考点1(2019全国卷)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations h
31、ave been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area.2(2019全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _ (be) Britains oldest fulltime employee still working 40 hours a week.3(2019全国卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud I
32、rene declared she had no plans _ (retire) from her 36yearold business.4(2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _ (get) there.5(2019全国卷)On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautif
33、ul farm on the North Shore under the stars, _ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.6(2019浙江6月高考)But some students didnt want _ (wear) the uniform.7(2018全国卷)You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see) the benefit.8(2018全国卷)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your ri
34、sk of _ (die) early by running.二、短文改错常考点1(2019全国卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football._2(2019全国卷)I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”_3(2019全国卷)If I succeed in manage one, I will open more._4(2018全国卷)My grandpa said la
35、st summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish._5(2018全国卷)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious._6(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud._7(2017全国卷)When summer comes, the
36、y will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！_答案：一、语法填空常考点1解析：to perform此处为“主语beadj.不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。2解析：being分析句子成分可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，应用动名词形式，且be与其逻辑主语A 90yearold之间为主动关系，此处陈述一般事实，应用主动形式，故填being。3解析：to retire分析句子结构可知，从句中已有谓语动词had，设空处与had之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词形式。设空处作名词plans的后置定语，故填to retire。4解析：
37、to get此处考查“it takes sb.some time to do sth.”这一句式结构，表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”。该句式中it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。5解析：listening分析句子结构可知 ，此处应填非谓语动词形式与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，listen与其逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。6解析：to wear分析句子结构可知，此处为不定式作want的宾语，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故填to wear。7解析：to see句意：你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就见到效果。不定式短语to see作目的
38、状语。8解析：dyingreduce ones risk of .“降低某人的风险”，此处介词of后应用动名词形式， 故填dying。二、短文改错常考点1解析：saysaying本句的谓语动词是cheered, say与谓语之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词形式。say与其逻辑主语All the football players之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。2解析：have前加towant sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”，此处have应用动词不定式形式。3解析：managemanagingsucceed in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“成功做某事
39、”，in为介词，其后应接动名词形式。4解析：sellselling此处动词sell位于介词by后，应用动名词形式，故sell改为selling。5解析：eager后加tobe eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”。6解析：waitwaiting分析句子结构可知，wait作非谓语，主语Everyone与wait之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示伴随，因此将wait 改成waiting。7解析：pick 前加toinvite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。语法精析知规则一、动词不定式1基本形式为“to动词原形”，否定形式为“not to动词原形”，时态和语态
40、变化(以do为例)如下：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing/完成式to have doneto have been done2不定式的用法(1)作主语：不定式作主语一般表示具体的某次动作。常用it作形式主语， 而不定式作真正主语。此外，不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To do morning exercise is useful for our health.做早操有利于我们的健康。(2)作表语：不定式作表语常表示将来的具体的动作或状态。My dream is to enter Beijing University.我的梦想是考入北京
41、大学。(3)作宾语：下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help如：I promise to forget this ever happened.我答应你我会忘了刚才发生的一切。(4)作宾语补足语：常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有want, advise, allow, appoin
42、t, cause, challenge, command, drive, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hire, instruct, invite, order, permit等。如：He wants you to be his assistant.他想让你做他的助手。(5)作定语：当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，要用主动形式表示被动。如：I have a lot of work to do.我有许多工作要做。(6)作状语功能用法原因状语多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有：happy, g
43、lad, sorry, anxious, proud, disappointed, angry, surprised, ready, delighted, pleased等目的状语可与so as to/in order to 替换，但so as to 一般不可置于句首结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do如：I was happy to hear the news.(原因状语)听到那个消息我非常高兴。To meet the movie star I got up very early.(目的状语)为了见到那位电影明星，我起得很早。I rushed to school, only
44、 to find nobody was there.(结果状语)我匆忙赶到学校，却发现那里没有人。二、动名词1基本形式为v.ing，时态、语态变化(以do为例)如下：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been doneDo you like playing chess？你喜欢下国际象棋吗？She was pleased that the teacher wasnt angry with her for her having been so rude.她很高兴老师没有因为她的无礼而生气。2动名词的基本用法(1)作主语：动名词作主
45、语表示经常性、习惯性的动作。考生要注意掌握it作形式主语，动名词是真正的主语的常见句型：It is no good/use/useless/fun/a waste of sth.doing sth.。如：Playing with others helps them learn how to get along with all kinds of people.与他人一起玩耍有助于他们学会如何与各种各样的人相处。(2)作宾语：动名词可以作及物动词、某些动词短语以及介词的宾语。下列动词(短语)只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想consider, suggest/a
46、dvise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy (想象，设想)避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡forbid, imagine, risk; cant help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escapeI suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.我建议我们在
47、海滨城镇度暑假。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。名师指津下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：(3)作表语：表示经常性的，习惯性的行为。如：Her job is washing and cooking.她的工作是洗衣服和做饭。三、分词：现在分词和过去分词(一)分词的基本用法1作定语：现在分词作定语表示动词与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，常表示正在进行的主动动作；过去分词作定语表示动词与其逻辑主语之间为动宾关系，常表示已完成的被动动作。如：I have never seen a more
48、moving film.我没看过比这个更令人感动的电影了。The houses being built are for the teachers.正在建的房子是给老师的。The broken glass is Toms.这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。2作补语：能用分词作宾语补足语的动词有see, hear, watch, feel, make, keep, leave, find, have, get等。如：I saw him entering the bank. (him与enter之间为逻辑上的主谓关系)我看见他正向银行里走。Id like to see the plan carried ou
49、t.(plan与carry之间为逻辑上的动宾关系)我想看到这个计划被执行。3作状语：分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while, when, once, if, unless等连词连用。作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。形式意义(v.ing)doing与句中主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动词表示的动作(或状态)同时发生或几乎同时发生，表示主动、进行(v.ed)having done与句中主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词表示的动作发生，表示主动、完成done与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示完成；用作形容词的过去分词表示状
50、态being done与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，表示被动、进行，意为“正在被”having beendone与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，先于句中谓语动词表示的动作发生，表示被动、完成Translated into (when it was translated into) English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.当这个句子被译成英语后，发现它有一个完全不同的语序。(作时间状语)Not knowing (Because he didnt know) how
51、 much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could he huddled in his cave and slept.因为不知道还能维持(生存)多久，尼古拉斯只能做一件事蜷缩在他的山洞里睡觉。(作原因状语)Used (If it is used) with care, one tin will last for six weeks.如果小心使用，一罐可以用六个星期。(作条件状语)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for peop
52、le to travel from one place to another.中国已经建成更多的高速公路，这让人们的出行变得更容易。(作结果状语)(二)with/without宾语(名词/代词)宾语补足语“with/without宾语宾语补足语”结构在句中常作伴随状语和原因状语。1“with/without名词/代词现在分词”中的现在分词表示主动且进行，或表示特征。The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park, with their pet dog following them.这对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的宠物狗跟
53、在后面。2“with/without名词/代词过去分词”中的过去分词表示被动且完成，或表示状态。It was a pity that the great writer died with his works unfinished.真可惜，这位伟大的作家去世时，他的作品尚未完成。3“with/without名词/代词动词不定式”中的不定式表示将来。With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.除了可以使用小型微波炉
54、加热食物之外，学生们被禁止在他们的房间里做饭。4“with/without名词/代词形容词/副词/名词/介词短语”中的形容词等表示宾语的性质或状态。With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.产量提高了60%，公司又度过了辉煌的一年。应用落实通方法一、单句语法填空1According to the study, when (face) with the new challenges, fast walkers are more likely to be active while quiet peop
55、le tend to walk more slowly.2The hobby (select) by teens depends upon their free time.3Last summer I was lucky (spend) a couple of days in this city and I just fell in love with its narrow paved streets and neat beautiful house!4For many young people, (study) at a university is one of the most impor
56、tant stages of their lives.5It is common (find) this type of poetry, calligraphy art, hanging in peoples homes.6People with positive attitude are more likely (succeed) than those with negative attitude.7Everyone in our class is working hard and doing what we could (enter) a dream university.8 (take)
57、 a pencil and a blank piece of paper from his desk, he started to write.答案：一、单句语法填空1 faced 2 Selected3 to_spend 4, studying 5 to_find6 to_succeed 7to_enter 8Taking 解题技法语法填空解题“3策略”1分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系2掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构(1)Its形容词(for/of sb.) to do sth.；(2)Its no good/use/pleasure doing sth.；(3)fi
58、nd/think/believe/consideritadj.to do sth.；(4)be likely to do sth.很可能做某事。3牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词(1)牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词；(2)牢记用动词不定式或分词作补足语的动词。二、单句改错1In addition, communicate with our teachers and classmates is also a good way.2Last evening he used his car take his cousin out for ice cream.3He hopes create an env
59、ironment for his students that is much more relaxing than the one he used to study in.4After that, I swore I must learn English well, especially spoken English, and never make that embarrassing thing happening again.5Id like work for you because I care a lot about presently affairs.6To her surprise,
60、 the poor old man was sitting on the floor with the palm of his hand bleed.7Arrived home, I almost forgot my tiredness.8Yesterday morning I was determined to giving her a hand and do some washing.答案：municatecommunicating2.take前加to 3.hopes后加to 4.happeninghappen 5.like后加to6.bleedbleeding 7.ArrivedArri
61、ving 8.givinggive解题技法短文改错解题“2视角”1从非谓语动词构成角度检查(1)检查是否该有不定式符号to; (2)检查动名词或分词是否正确。2从非谓语动词用法角度检查(1)检查介词后的非谓语动词是否正确；(2)检查并列结构中非谓语动词形式是否一致；(3)检查作主语、宾语或宾补的非谓语动词形式是否合适；(4)检查作状语的分词表示主动还是被动。 三、高考写作佳句1(2019全国卷书面表达)听说你们要举办中国画展览，我写信申请成为这个活动的志愿者。 2(2019全国卷书面表达)为了给学生们提供一场精彩的比赛，我们需要有足够的训练。 3(2018浙江6月高考写作)首先，我不仅能说一口
62、流利的英语，而且和外国人交流也毫无困难。 4(2017全国卷书面表达)我们将学习唐朝时期写的一些中国诗歌。 5(2017浙江11月高考写作)随着春节来临，准备是必要的。 语篇巧训全融会一、代词专练(用适当的代词填空)I cant believe I made into San Francisco at last!This morning, I went to the airport by (I) to catch my 10：00 am.flight.I got there early to go through security.Since I had an electronic ticke
63、t, which was more convenient, I then went straight to the boarding gate.When I got there, I couldnt believe (I) ears it was announced that the flight was put off for two hours!I made a decision to look at the flight monitors to see if/whether there was an earlier flight to San Francisco.I saw that t
64、here was flight that would leave in 40 minutes, so I ran to the boarding gate of that flight.When I got there，I asked the gate agent if I could get on that flight instead.She said that I needed to stay in the gate area and wait for my name to be called if had a seat available.So, I waited, and waite
65、d, and waited. the passengers were waiting impatiently.The gate agent began calling out names.Guess what？I found was behind me.The last name called was . The last seat left on the plane was a middle seat and the I usually prefer near a window, and I was just happy to get on board.I didnt want vacati
66、on to get delayed because of a late flight.二、代词专练(依据汉语提示补全短文)Suddenly (所有的灯) on that crowded underground train went out.Then it stopped in that dark tunnel. (我们等待着)We expected the lights to come on again. (什么也没发生)Then I began to (闻到某些东西)People around me then began to cry out in fear.“The train is on
67、 fire！” they cried.The woman standing next to me suddenly fell on the floor.I realized she was overcome by the smoke.Then I saw flames appearing.“If (没有什么事情发生)soon，” I (自言自语)，“I will be burnt alive！” But as I stood there in the dark in that crowded burning train, I could see no way to escape.So I cr
68、ied，“God, if it is not my time to die, please help me！” I heard a noise. (它在我右手边)I at once began to (奋力前进) forward to where that noise came from.For two hours I kept walking in that dark train tunnel.At last I saw a light in the distance.“Thank God！” I cried.“God must have a purpose for saving my li
69、fe.He must want me to (帮助其他人) and do what I could (为了他们)，” I decided.三、非谓语动词专练(依据汉语提示补全短文)There is a wonderful story about a young girl who had no family and no one (爱她)One day, (感到难过和孤独), she was walking through a grassland when she noticed a small butterfly (被困在树丛里) The young girl carefully releas
70、ed the butterfly.Instead of (飞走), the little butterfly changed into a beautiful fairy.“In return for your wonderful kindness，” the good fairy said to the girl, “I will give you any wish that you _(想得到)” The little girl thought for a moment and then replied, “I want to be happy.” (依靠着她), the fairy wh
71、ispered in her ear and then disappeared. (随着女孩长大), there was no one in the land happier than she was.Everyone wanted to make themselves (被告知幸福的秘密) by her.She would only smile and answer, “The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a good fairy when I was a little girl.”When she was dying，the n
72、eighbors all gathered around her, (害怕) that her unbelievable secret of happiness would die with her.So they begged her (告诉他们善良的仙女说了什么)The lovely old woman simply smiled and said, “She told me that everyone, no matter how old or young, how rich or poor, had need of me.”答案：三、高考写作佳句1Hearing_you_are_hos
73、ting_a_Chinese_painting_exhibition,_Im_writing_to_apply_to_be_a_volunteer_for_the_event.2In_order_to_provide_the_students_with_a_fantastic_match,_we_need_to_have_enough_training.3Firstly,_not_only_can_I_speak_fluent_English,_but_also_I_have_little_difficulty_communicating_with_foreigners.4We_are_goi
74、ng_to_learn_some_Chinese_poems_written_in_the_Tang_Dynasty.5With_the_Spring_Festival_approaching,_the_preparation_is_necessary.语篇巧训全融会一、代词专练(用适当的代词填空)it myself my anothertheyAll nobody mine. one my二、代词专练(依据汉语提示补全短文)all_the_lights We_waitednothing_happened smell_something something_does_not_happen sa
75、id_to_myself It_was_on_my_right_hand_side push_my_way help_other_people for_them三、非谓语动词专练(依据汉语提示补全短文)to_love_her feeling_very_sad_and_lonely caught_in_a_bush flying_awaywould_like_to_get Leaning_toward_herWith_the_little_girl_growing_uptold_the_secret_of_happiness fearing to_tell_them_what_the_good_fairy_said