1、基础盘点 自我演练 要点精研 考点训练 课时规范训练.我爱记单词 核心词汇1vt.袭击；攻击2vt.声称3adj.怀疑的；不相信的4vt.占地(多大面积)5vi.适应；适合答案：1.attack 2.claim 3.sceptical 4.cover 5.adapt6vi.不见，消失7adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的8n名誉；名声9vi.存在10adj.不可能的11adj.怕人的vt.使害怕adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的答案：6disappear 7.generous 8.reputation 9.exist10unlikely 11.frightening；frighten；fright
2、ened12adj.神秘的n神秘事物，谜13vt.象征；暗示n指示，象征、指标14n身份，特性vt.辨别；确认15n运气；命运；财富adj.幸运的adv.幸运地答案：12mysterious；mystery 13.indicate；indication14identity；identify 15.fortune；fortunate；fortunately.短语记忆 重点短语1突出；伸出；显眼2再次成为新闻3看清楚4和有关系/有联系5消失；灭绝6切掉；剪下；割断；切断答案：1.stick out 2.be back in the news 3.get a clear look at 4.be r
3、elated to 5.die out 6.cut off7编，编造；虚构；组成8阐明；帮助弄清楚9谈正题；开门见山10由于；由造成11源于，来自答案：7.make up8.throw light on e straight to the point 10.due to11grow out of.练练不舍 重点句型1A third report came from Li Xiaohe，who was visiting the lake with his family.又一次报道来自李晓河，当时他和家人正在湖边游玩。解读：a third“又一次”，而不是“第三次”。序数词与 a(n)连用时，不是
4、表示顺序，而是表示“又；还；再”等意义。仿写：别紧张。如果第一次失败了，你还可以再试一次。Dont be nervous.if you fail the first time.2He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见过一个圆圆的、黑黑的东西在水中快速游动。解读：to have seen 是动词不定式的完成形式，表示动作发生在谓语动词 claim 之前。仿写：他假装已经完成了作业。He pretendedhis homework.3There have been re
5、ports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.尽管没有人近距离的看到过，但从上个世纪初开始就已经有关于天池怪物的报道了。解读：There be 句型的现在完成时态为 There have been.多表示“已经有”。仿写：在过去的十几年中，城市周围已经盖了许多楼房。many buildings built in the last decade around the city.4They say that the low
6、-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。解读：本句使用了 be unlikely to do sth.这一结构，表示不可能。仿写：他病得如此严重以至于他不可能参加这个晚会。He is so seriously ill thathe will attend the party.5Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols，too
7、，but with fewer claws and of a different colour.皇室其他成员也被允许穿着带有龙标志的服装，但龙爪要少，颜色也不同。解读：of a different colour 是“be of名词”结构，表示主语“类属或属性”。仿写：他昨天买的两双鞋子一样颜色。The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday.答案：1.You can try a second time 2.to have finished3There have been 4.its unlikely that 5.are of the same color
8、claim v声称；主张；要求；索赔 n.断言；权利；要求权；所有权【教材原句】Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.尽管没有人看清楚过这个神秘的怪物，但当地一位摄影师薛俊林声称：怪物的头看起来像马头。(1)claim to do sth./that.声称/主张做It is claimed that.有人主张claim sth.from sb.for s
9、th.因为向某人索要赔偿金claim for 要求；索取；宣称claim back 要回claim.attention.需要(注意)(2)lay claim to 宣称应归其所有；认领make a claim for sth.要求(2015高考湖南卷).so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle，or cause an accident，at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim.因此当他们撞到行人或者车辆、造成出车祸的时候，至少他们能得到治疗并还
10、可能会有索赔的机会。Now they are returning to what was theirs.现在他们要回来索要原来属于他们的一切。He the Mona Lisa.He claimed that he had seen the Mona Lisa.他宣称他看过“蒙娜丽莎”那幅画。claimclaimed to have seen k练一练 完成句子(1)After (认领行李)at the railway station，we left for the exhibition in a taxi.(2)Many newspapers (宣称是)politically neutral(
11、中立的)，but few actually are.(3)(据说)that some teachers in our school are working 90 hours a week.(4)They discovered a cure for the disease.答案：(1)claiming the luggage(2)claim to be(3)It is claimed(4)claimed to haveattack vt.袭击；攻击；开始；着手；(疾病)侵袭；侵害；责难 n.攻击；进攻；病情发作(可数名词)【教材原句】It often gets angry and will at
12、tack anyone who goes close to it.它经常会生气，会攻击任何接近它的人。(1)attack sb.for sth.由于某事而责难某人attack sb.with sth.用攻击某人be attacked with a disease 患病(2)launch/make an attack on/upon.对发动进攻under attack 受到攻击a heart attack 心脏病发作(2014高考新课标全国卷)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，we
13、have never had any disease or insect attack problem.虽然我们让西红柿年年在相同的地方生长，但我们从未遇到过任何疾病或虫害问题。Once again we came from enemy fighter planes.我们又一次遭到敌人战斗机的袭击。The soldiers on the enemy.战士们向敌人发起猛烈进攻。under attacklaunched a strong attackexist vi.存在；生存【教材原句】Something that continues to exist after death.某种死后继续存在的
14、东西。(1)exist in 存在于之中exist on 靠为生There exists/existed.某地有，存在(2)existence n.存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在bring into existence 使发生；产生in existence 存在(2015高考新课标全国卷)If people had normal lives，these cafes wouldnt exist.如果人们正常的生活，这些咖啡馆将不存在You cant only 500 calories a day.你不能仅靠一天 500 卡的热量生存。exist onexi
15、st 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。Scientists have many theories about how the universe first.关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说。came into existence练一练 单句语法填空(1)The special building in the middle of the square is the oldest wooden building in (exist)(2)After many years research，scientists have found some evidence that wat
16、er seemed (exist)on the Mars.答案：(1)existence(2)to existcalm adj.平静的；镇静的 vt.&vi.使平静；镇定下来；平静下来【教材原句】Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.李晓河先生说他和他的家人能清楚地看见怪物因为当时天气晴朗，湖面宁静。calm oneself 平静下来calm down (使)安静下来keep
17、calm 保持冷静(2015高考福建卷)When this happens，the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.当这种情况发生了，重要的事情就是不要让一场平静的讨论变成激烈的争论。The first thing you must do is to.你第一件要做的事，就是自己要冷静下来。，and try not to panic.沉住气，别惊慌！calm yourselfKeep calmadapt v(使)适应；(使)适合；改编【教材原句】If you ca
18、n adapt to something，you can change in order to make the situation better.如果你能对某事适应，你可以改变以使情况更好。(1)adapt oneself to sth.使自己适应adapt to 适应(2)be adapted for.为改编/写；被改编成be adapted from.根据改编(2015高考浙江卷)Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the suns light.相反，我们是日行动物，眼睛适应了太阳的光线。The
19、materials can use with older children.这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。be adapted forThe film a play of the same title.这部电影是根据同名剧本改编的。(2015高考江苏卷).he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.他将自己融入到周围的现实世界中，在那里他只能靠努力工作来适应环境。is adapted fromadapt toadapt ones
20、elf toadjust(oneself)to(使)适应。其中的 to 是介词，所以后面要接名词、代词、v.-ing 形式以及 what 引导的从句等。练一练 句型转换The film is an adaption of Mo Yans story.The film Mo Yans story.is adapted fromreputation n名誉，声望【教材原句】But in the west，dragons had a different reputation.但是在西方，龙有不一样的名声。have a good/bad reputation 名声好/坏have a good repu
21、tation for 不负盛名；名副其实live up to ones reputation因而著名，以闻名lose/ruin ones reputation 名誉扫地earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉of great/good/high reputation 很有声望的，享有盛名的(2015高考湖北卷)Although/Though he is known to only a few people here，his reputation abroad is very great.虽然这里只有几个人知道他，但他在国外的名气却很大。The s
22、tore fair dealing.该店买卖公平，声誉极佳。Cheating at the game.比赛时作弊败坏了那位选手的名声。has an excellent reputation forruined that players reputation练一练 完成句子(1)She devoted herself entirely to her research and it(赢得了好声望)for her in her field.(2)What do you think of Putin?He is an outstanding leader who (名不虚传)(3)Mr.Wang is
23、 (声望高)among his pupils and they all like him.答案：(1)gained/earned a good reputation(2)lives up to his reputation(3)of high reputationfortune n运气；命运；财富【教材原句】So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune.因此，中国龙能带来好运。(1)seek ones fortune 找出路，碰运气come into a fortune 得到财产make a fortune 发财(2)fortunate
24、 adj.幸运的；侥幸的(3)fortunately adv.幸运地Many young people went to seek their fortune abroad.许多年轻人去国外寻找成功的机会。I catch todays last bus home at the last minute.我在最后一分钟赶上了今天最后一班回家的汽车，真是幸运。He in real estate.他在房地产上发了财。was fortunate tomade a fortune练一练 单句语法填空(1)You were (fortune)to escape from being injured in th
25、e accident.(2)(fortunate)，with the help of some local villagers，rescuers were able to gain access to the disaster-hit area soon enough.(3)One thousand dollars a month is not fortune but would help cover my living expenses.答案：(1)fortunate(2)Fortunately(3)adie out 灭绝；(习俗习惯等)消失【教材原句】Perhaps too much fi
26、ghting caused the dinosaurs to die out.或许太多的争斗使得恐龙灭绝了。die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失die of/from 因而死be dying for 很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.极想干某事(2015高考陕西卷)As a result，many species are quickly dying out.结果，许多物种正迅速消失。The strange noise and an absolute silence closed in upon us.那奇怪的声音慢慢消失了，我们被一片寂静笼罩着。The old tradi
27、tions.旧传统正在消失。died awayare dying out练一练 单句语法填空(1)As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying.(2)Their chatter and laughter died as the group rushed out of the classroom.(3)When all the guests had left，the whole house died.(4)We need to take action before all the endangered animals d
28、ied.答案：(1)off(2)away(3)down(4)outcome straight to the point 谈正题；开门见山【教材原句】If you come straight to the point you say what you want to say.如果你(说话)开门见山就是指你(直接)说你想说的。to the point 切题，中肯off the point 偏离要点，离题on the point of 就要的时候Theres no point(in)doing sth.做某事没有意义when it comes/came to the point 到了关键时候，到该做
29、决定的时候The letter was short and to the point.这封信简短而切中主题。Ill your work isnt good enough.我要直截了当地说你的工作做得不够好。，I am prepared to resign over this.到了关键时刻，我愿为此辞职。come straight to the pointWhen it comes to the point10due to 由于，因造成(to 为介词)；到期；约定；预期(to为不定式符号)【教材原句】Some experts believe it is due to the animals th
30、e myths grew out of.一些专家认为这是由于那些神话传说中的动物引起的。(1)be dueto do sth.for sth.预定/计(做)某事(2)(be)due to sb.应支付/给予/归于某人(3)because of 因为(较口语化)owing to 因为(较正式)thanks to 因为，多亏了as a result of 因为on account of 由于The professor is a lecture next week.这位教授在下周举办讲座。Im a pay rise soon.不久就该给我加工资了。due to givedue for练一练 完成句子
31、(1)The meeting (预定开始)at three.(2)His absence (是因为)the heavy rain.(3)Any money (支付给你)will be sent by cheque through the post.答案：(1)is due to start(2)was due to(3)due to you.单词拼写1Theyre being very(神秘的)about their holiday plans.答案：mysterious2His recent discoveries have added to his(声誉)in the field of s
32、cience.答案：reputation3The famous writer is still(敏捷的)in thought though he has attained the age of ninety-two.答案：sharp4He cthat he could finish the job without any help.答案：claimed5The young scientist is sabout the theory raised by the authority.答案：sceptical.单句语法填空1Pollution poses a threat to the conti
33、nued (exist)of this species.答案：existence2Judging from his (frighten)look，we can tell that the accident is (frighten)答案：frightened；frightening3The mother didnt become aware of the childs(disappear)until ten oclock，which made her worried.答案：disappearance4The flower is now in danger of (extinct)答案：exti
34、nction5I was late，but (fortune)the meeting hadnt started.答案：fortunatelyHe claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。【句法分析】本句中的 to have seen 是动词不定式的完成形式，表示动作发生在句子谓语动词 claim 之前。不定式的时态有三种：1不定式的一般式：to do。表示与谓语动词同一时间发生或动作发生在谓语动词之后。2不定式的进行式：to be d
35、oing。表示与谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。3不定式的完成式：to have done。表示发生在谓语动词之前。(2015高考湖北卷)Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age.许多坏习惯难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。He when his father came in.当爸爸进来时，他假装正在睡觉。He(had wanted to meet)you at the airport
36、，but he didnt get there in time.他原想去机场接你，但他没及时赶到那儿。pretended to be sleepingwanted to have metOther members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols，too，but with fewer claws and of a different colour皇室其他成员也被允许穿着带有龙标志的服装，但龙爪要少，颜色也不同。【句法分析】of a different colour 是“be of名词”结构，表示主语“类属或属性”。另
37、外：be of抽象名词该结构常用来描述人或事物的特征，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语。“of抽象名词”相当于这一名词的形容词形式，表示“是的”。能用于该结构的名词有：value，use，help，importance，difference，benefit(利益)，significance(意义，重要性)等。如：Flowers are of.(作表语)花的颜色很多。Your sister is a girl of.(作定语)你的妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。He found himself of.(作宾补)他发现自己没有价值。many colorswisdomno value这一结构中的抽象名词前
38、可以用 great，no，little，some，any，not much 等修饰，以表示不同程度。.句型转换1He is probably coming e back.答案：He is likely to2Maybe he was not at home last night as the lights in his house were always out.He last night as the lights in his house were not.答案：may/might have been out；on3The person who entered the building m
39、ight be anyone who had the key.The person who entered the building might be had the key.答案：whoever4They claimed that they were doing research into the mysteries of the natural world.They claimed research into the mysteries of the natural world.答案：to be doing5They waited and waited by the side of the
40、 lake and at last they succeeded in seeing the lake monster.They waited and waited by the side of the lake and at last see the lake monster.答案：were able to.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A：Welcome to the Zhoukoudian caves here in China.It is 1.great pleasure to meet you students from Engla
41、nd，who are interested in archaeology.You must be aware that its here 2.we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.Weve been excavating here for many years and.S1：Im sorry 3.(interrupt)you but how could they live here?There are only rocks and trees.A：Good que
42、stions.You are an acute 4.(observe)We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects.So we think it is 5.(reason)to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.S2：How did they keep warm?They couldnt have mats，blankets or quilts like
43、 we do.It must have been very uncomfortable.A：Weve discovered fireplaces in the center of the caves 6.they made fires.That would have kept them warm，cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick，which 7.(suggest)that they might have
44、 kept the fire burning all winter.We havent found any doors but we think they might have 8.(hang)animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold 9.the freezing winter.S3：10.wild animals were there all that time ago?A：Well，weve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，and we think
45、these were their most dangerous enemies.Now what do you think this tells us about the life of these early people?答案：1a。考查冠词。句意：这次遇到来自英国的学生是件高兴的事。故用 a。2that。考查强调句。句意：你必须意识到就是在这里，我们发现早期人类的证据。由句意可知是强调句型。故填 that。3to interrupt。考查固定搭配。be sorry to do.“非常抱歉做”。4observer。考查名词。此处用 observe 的名词形式 observer。5reaso
46、nable。考查形容词。It isadj.to do sth.为常用句型。6where。考查定语从句。fireplaces 作先行词，定语从句缺少地点状语。故选 where。7suggests。考查动词时态。表示客观事实，用一般现在时。8hung。考查动词形式。根据 might have 可知应用过去分词形式。9during/in。考查介词。during/in the freezing winter“在寒冷的冬天”。10What。考查特殊疑问词。根据下文“weve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，and we th
47、ink these were their most dangerous enemies”可知在问这些野生动物是什么？.微写作【写作素材】1研究表明一些动物正在从世界上消失。2它们濒临灭绝部分原因是它们不适应环境，部分原因是由于人类活动。3众所周知，许多猎人靠打猎为生，他们为了发财甚至破坏它们的栖息地。4庆幸的是，许多人主张政府应该采取措施来保护动物。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇 50 词左右的英语短文)One possible version：Research indicates that some animals are disappearing from
48、 the world.They go extinct partly because they cant adapt to the environment，partly due to human activities.As we all know，many hunters exist on hunting animals.They even destroy their habitats to make a fortune.To our relief，a lot of people claim that the government should take measures to protect the animals.点击进入word版：课时规范训练(二十四)把握高考微点，实现素能提升