1、Unit 4Global warming Section Learning about Language & Using Language.重点单词1average adj.平均的2widespread adj.分布广泛的；普通的3casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的4circumstance n环境；情况5refresh vt.使恢复；使振作6tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势7contribution n贡献contribute v贡献；投稿8existence n生存；存在exist v存在9pollution n污染pollute
2、 vt.污染pollutant n污染物10disagreement n不同意disagree vi.不同意11growth n延长；生长grow vi.生长；增长12advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张advocator n拥护者13commitment n承诺；委托commit v向保证.核心短语1on_behalf_of代表2on_the_whole 大体上；基本上3put_up_with 容忍4and_so_on 等等5as/so long as 只要6instead of 代替7make a difference 有影响.经典句式1As Im not sure where_to_
3、start_with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.由于还不清楚该从哪里着手开始我的研究，我希望能得到你们的建议！2It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it if_not,_turn it off!在用电器时你可以让它开着如果不用就把它关掉！3It_takes_a_lot_of_energy_to_make_things from new materials, so, if you can, buy t
4、hings made from recycled materials.用新材料做东西要消耗大量的能源，因此，如有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。1.合成wide adj.宽的spread n蔓延，扩散widespread adj.广泛的micro adj.微小的wave n波浪，波动microwave n微波；微波炉2派生名词后缀：ence, ment, ionexist (v.)enceexistence mit (v.)mentcommitment n.pollute (v.)ionpollution n.课文预读课文理解Choose the best answers accordi
5、ng to the text.1Which is NOT the reason why Ouyang Guang writes the letter?AHe is doing a project on global warming.BHe feels individuals can affect huge environmental problems.CHe isnt sure where to start with his project.DHe wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.答案：B2Which is NOT true acco
6、rding to the second letter?ATogether, individuals can make a difference to environmental problems.BIndividuals must put up with pollution.CMany activities individuals do can produce carbon dioxide.DIndividuals can save energy to slow down global warming.答案：B3Which is NOT Earth Cares suggestion?ATurn
7、 electrical appliances off if you are not using them.BPut on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.CBuy things made of raw materials.DWalk or ride a bike if you can.答案：C4Who is the writer of the first letter?AAn editor.BOuyang Guang.CEarth Care. DB and C.答案：B5Whats the main idea of the two let
8、ters?ASome organizations should do something about global warming.BSuggestions on what to do about global warming.CIndividuals neednt do anything about global warming.DGovernments should take measures about global warming.答案：B1 (教材P29)The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temper
9、ature of 15.温室效应使地球表面平均温度达到15。an average of数字一个的平均数above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下on average 一般说来；通常；平均即学即用To their great joy, their sons schoolwork is well above_average.令他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。It takes an average of ten weeks for a houses sale to be completed.售出一幢房子平均需要10周的时间。On average, Am
10、erican firms remain the most productive in the world.平均来讲，美国公司在全球范围内还是产值最高。名师点津“the average of复数名词”作主语时，指的是一个总的平均值，谓语动词用单数形式。“an average of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式。An average of 2,000 letters a month are received by the office.办公室平均每月收到2 000封信。The average of letters received each month is 2,000.每个月收到的信件
11、平均数是2 000。2 (教材P30)However, I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.然而我仍认为人们应该支持改善如今能源的消耗方式。(1)advocate(2)advocate n拥护者；提倡者an advocate for/of 的支持/拥护者即学即用Some people advocate reforming some present education systems.一些人主张改革一些现行的教育制度。People advocate that someth
12、ing (should)_be_done (do) to protect the environment.人们提倡采取措施以保护环境。He was a strong advocate of/for free market policies and a multiparty system.他是自由市场政策和多党派制度的坚决拥护者。1 (教材P28)On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern.总体上来说，全球气候变暖是一种引起广泛关注的现象。即学即用You have made a f
13、ew mistakes in your composition but on the whole you have done well.你的作文中有一些错误，但是总的来说你写得不错。You must consider those matters as_a_whole.你必须从总体上考虑那些问题。名师点津表示“总体上；总之”的短语：(1)generally (speaking)/in general通常来说；总的来说(2)in a word/short总之(3)as a whole作为一个整体；总体上(教材P30)I am doing a project on behalf of my scho
14、ol about global warming.我正代表学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。即学即用John accepted the championship award on behalf of the team.约翰代表球队领取了冠军奖。My husband could not be here tonight, but I want to thank you on_his_behalf.今晚我丈夫有事不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。易混辨析represent/stand for/on behalf ofrepresent指代表某人/某个团体/政府等，或指某种标志代表什么，某物表现/描绘的是什
15、么stand for通常指字母、数字、符号等代表/象征什么on behalf of为介词短语，指代表/代替某人，只能作状语即学即用选用上述词语填空Im glad to represent him to have a meeting.Im happy to have a meeting on_behalf_of him.What do the letters UN stand_for?3 (教材P30)Together, individuals can make a difference. We do not have to put up with pollution.众人拾柴火焰高。我们不必去
16、忍受污染。即学即用I cant put_up_with her another day she never stops complaining.她整天抱怨，我一天也不能忍受了。put up举(架)起；修建；张贴；留宿put away 存起来；收起来put forward 提出；提前put off 推迟；延期He put_forward a plan for the committee to consider.他提出一项计划交由委员会审议。The new season of NBA was put off because of some reason.由于某种原因NBA的新赛季被推迟了。名师点津
17、表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有：stand, tolerate, bear等。4 (教材P30)Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.如果情况允许，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。in/under the circumstances在这种情况下in/under no circumstances决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)即学即用Maybe under/in the circumstances we may say that man can co
18、nquer nature.也许在这种情况下我们可以说人定胜天。Under no circumstances must_a_soldier leave his post.任何情况下，士兵都不得离开岗位。名师点津以下短语均意为“决不；无论如何也不”，置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。at no timeon no accountin no sense on no conditionin no wayIt is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not， turn it off！只要你在使用电器
19、设备，你可以让它开着如果不用，就把它关掉！(1)so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。As long as there is kindness and virtue, the world will become more beautiful.只要有善良和美德，世界将变得更加美丽。So/As long as you study hard, you will make great progress.只要你努力学习，就会取得很大的进步。辨析比较as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as短语原意引申义as long as与一样长只要as
20、well as与一样好也；和as far as远到就而言；至于as good as与一样好与几乎一样选择上述词语填空We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday.As far as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan.A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour.You can borrow my car as_long_as you promise not to drive too fast.(2)句中if no
21、t是if you are not using it的省略形式。I may come tonight. If not (If I dont come tonight), I will try to manage tomorrow.今晚我可能来，如果不来的话，我明天一定来。与“if not”类似的省略结构还有：if ever如果有过/发生过的话if any如果有的话if possible如果可能的话if necessary如果有必要if so如果这样He seldom if_ever travels abroad.他到国外旅行，即使有过，也是极少的。If_necessary,_Ill go the
22、re myself.如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。.单句语法填空1Under these circumstances (circumstance), you might agree with us that it is rather difficult for your products to set foot in this market.2Tom is a top student, and he is above the average in his reading ability.3Let me put down your telephone number in case I for
23、get it.4On behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.5My deskmate is good, kind, hardworking and intelligent. On the whole, I cant speak too highly of him.补全句子1As is shown in the picture above, under no circumstances should_you_lose_faith.正如上面图画所显示的那样，你在任何情况下都不要失去信心
24、。2In that case, we will have to learn_to_put_up_with_some_of_his_shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.那样，我们就不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并努力发现他的优点。3In our life we may meet many failures, so/as_long_as_we_try_best,_there is no need to feel regret for these failures.生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败，但只要我们尽了力，就没有必要为失败而后悔。4Im greatly honored to put on performance here on_behalf_of_my_school.很荣幸在这儿代表我的学校演出。5If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。6On_average,_we receive 20 calls a day.平均起来，我们每天接到20个电话。