1、重难点12 阅读理解之应用文【命题趋势】中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。【满分技巧】 1.主旨题 解题技巧为：找主题句。应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。2. 细节题 解题技巧为：快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照。3. 推断题 解题技巧为：寻找线索，悟出字里行间的意思。4.
2、猜测词义题 解题技巧为：通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义。【热点话题】 应用文热衷于广告、海报类等。【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A【2019 湖南省长沙市】话题： 广告类难度：建议用时：6分1. The Yum Restaurant stays open for _ in total.A. two hoursB. three hoursC. five hours2. From the menu above, we know that _.A. bread and butter goes with startersB. there are four kinds of different
3、ice creamC. the desserts are available for both lunch and dinner【文章大意】这是一则百胜餐厅的营业广告信息。列举了开胃小吃，主食，甜点，饮料等食品名称以及价格。还包括营业时间等信息。1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中的内容Lunch served 12: 302: 30 p.m./Dinner served 6: 009: 00 p.m.可知，午餐营业两个小时，晚餐营业三个小时，共计五个小时。答案为C。2. A【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中的信息All starters are served with bread and bu
4、tter.所有的开胃小菜都配有面包和黄油。故答案为A。B【2019 湖南省长沙市】话题： 海报类难度：建议用时：6分1. If you are accepted as part of the audience by EZ Comedy Club, you can _.A. perform thereB. watch a live showC. record your own comedies2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the poster（海报）?A. The host of the show.B. The way to join
5、 the audience.C. Recording time and location.3. We can infer（推断）from the poster that the show could be _.A. very seriousB. quite funnyC. kind of boring【文章大意】这是EZ喜剧俱乐部为一场演出而发布的一则海报。介绍了演出的时间、地点、联系方式以及注意事项。1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中句子The greatest live show ever is coming to town! Do you want to be part of the
6、live audience(观众)?有史以来最伟大的现场表演即将到来！你想成为现场观众的一部分吗？由此可知如果你被EZ喜剧俱乐部接受为观众的一部分，可以观看现场表演。故答案为B。2. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息How to join the audience? Please email us the following information atezccaudience2019(可知，海报中介绍了加入现场观众的方式；根据文中信息Recording Time Friday, July 12, 2019 Recording Location(位置)361 3 Ave. New Haven
7、. CT可知，海报中介绍了录制时间和地点。没有提到节目主持人。故答案为A。3. B【解析】推理判断题。根据海报的标题LAUGH YOUR HEAD OFF! 狂笑不止，捧腹大笑。以及文中句子youll have an amazing afternoon at EZ Comedy Club.你将在EZ喜剧俱乐部度过一个美妙的下午。由此我们可以从海报上推断出这个节目可能很有趣。故答案为B。C【2019 新疆维吾尔族自治区】话题： 广告类难度：建议用时：6分Lisas GymKeep fit! Lose weight!Play basketball, do yoga(瑜伽), dance and m
8、eet many new friends!Price: 40/hourOpen time: Saturdays and SundaysTel: 2133730A ConcertDo you like classical music?Come to the concert on Friday evening. The concert will begin at 6:30 in the Childrens Palace.Ticket Price: Adults: 120Children (under 15): 60The Ugly DuckA wonderful play at Peoples C
9、inema.Ticket price: 80Time: 6:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.Dates: July 24th to July 27thSummer JobDo you like to talk with people? Do you like to work late?Do you like to work for a restaurant? Then come and work for us as a waiter. Please call Jenny at 8124697 for more information.1. You can _ at Lisas Gym.A
10、. watch a movieB. play basketballC. go to a concertD. find a job2. Miss Green is going to dance at Lisas Gym and she can go there on _.A. WednesdayB. ThursdayC. FridayD. Saturday3. Mr. and Mrs. White and their 14-year-old son have to pay _ for the concert.A. 300B. 180C. 240D. 1204. Jack can watch a
11、play at Peoples Cinema _.A. at 6: 00 a.m. on July 23rdB. at 4: 00 a.m. on July 24thC. at 6: 00 p.m. on July 25thD. at 4: 00 p.m. on July 26th5. Linda wants to find a job during her summer holiday. She can call _.A. 8967234B. 8567234C. 8213373D. 8124697【文章大意】这篇短文是四篇广告，分别介绍了丽莎的体育馆，音乐会，电影以及一个招聘广告。1. B【
12、解析】细节理解题。根据文中Lisas Gym Keep fit! Lose weight! Play basketball, do yoga(瑜伽), dance and meet many new friends!可知，在Lisas Gym可以打篮球。故选B。2. D【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格左上 Lisas Gym 介绍中我们可以看到 Open time: Saturdays and Sundays. 故排除 A、B、C、故选D。3. A【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格右上 A concert介绍中我们可以知道成人的价格是120，Mr. and Mrs. White 两位成人的价格共计2
13、40，their 14-year-old son，符合介绍中的儿童 价格是under 15，在15岁以下，所以是60，三个人共计需付300。故选 A。4. C【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格左下 The Ugly Duck 介绍中我们可以看到演出的时间是 6:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m.下午的6点到8点，日期是：July 24th to July 27th，7月24日到7月27日之间；故首先排除A选项 23号，其次B选项的早上4点和D选项的下午4点具体时间都不在正确时间范围内，所以选C。5. D【解析】细节理解题。在文中表格右下 Summer job 介绍中我们可以知道暑假的工作信息，其中
14、 可知 Please call Jenny at 8124697 for more information. 故正确电话是 8124697， 故选D。D【2019 广东省广州市】话题： 评论贴难度：建议用时：6分6www.youthnewshttps:/www.youthnews/yourviewYOUTHNEWS News School Life Your View SportShould Museum Entry Be FreeWith International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museu
15、ms be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view.CommentsMuseums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested
16、in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrongKrista Chen(US)-Age 15Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets a
17、s prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more.Fred Smith(New Zealand)-Age 14Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.Rob Sanchez (Australia)-Age
18、 17There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too.Amber White (UK)-Age 16I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public
19、. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.Li Mishao(China)-Age 151. How many readers support the idea of free museums?A. 2.B. 3C. 4D. 52. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money?A.
20、Krista Chen.B. Fred Smith.C. Rob Sanchez.D. Li Mishao.3. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students?A. Students will then study harder.B. Museums will attract more visitorsC. Museums can make themselves more famousD. These students can better appreciate
21、museums4. Which of the following does Amber White agree with?A. Businesses should offer museums more helpB. People should only pay what they can affordC. Free entry doesnt encourage visitors to museumsD. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums5. What can we know about the website?A. Its quit
22、e a new websiteB. It was started in AustraliaC. Its generally for young readersD. It mainly discusses scientific topics【文章大意】这篇短文是某网站发起的一个评论贴，内容为你认为博物馆应该免费入场吗，下面有一些人对此发表了自己的看法。1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个评论中Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.可知，Krista认
23、为博物馆应该免费；再根据第三个评论中People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.可知，Rob也支持博物馆免费；再根据最后一个评论中I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.可知，李米韶也支持这个观点。因此一共有三个人，选B。2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段最后一句话I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to
24、 help pay for the cost of staying open.可知，李米韶觉得应该举行募捐活动帮助支付博物馆的一些费用。由此可知应选D。3. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more可知，Fred认为博物馆应该让一般的参观者付费，但是提供免费的票给那些成绩好、并且能够欣赏博物馆的学生作为奖励。由此可
25、知应选D。4. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第五段中But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support.可知，Amber认为公司和商人应该给博物馆提供更多的资金和其他的支持。由此可知应选A。5. C【解析】推理判断题。根据这个网站最上面的标题YOUTH可知，这个网站主要是针对年轻人的，故C选项正确，意为它主要是给年轻读者准备的。E【2019 河南省中考】话题： 建议类难度：建议用时：6分 Fun activities for Teens to do in the
26、 summer.Do you feel bored with the upcoming summer? We asked parents for ideas for things that teens can do and here are some suggestions for fun activities for you to do in the summer.#1_Visit older family members and interview them about the past of your family. You could use a smartphone to recor
27、d some of the conversation. Things to ask about: What did you eat? Who was your favorite family member? What did you do to make yourself happy? What was it like when you were a teenager?#2_Not only will you make your parents really happy, but you will find all those lost CDs/books/socks that are hid
28、den under the bed.You can now have a yard sale for the things you no longer want, and make yourself some pocket money at the same time.#3_Put together a memory book. It could be about primary or junior school since youre heading to high school: friends made best memories favorite teachers favorite s
29、ubjects hopes/feelings about going to high school, etc.#4_Get down and work on the farm and have a bit of fun. You never know you might love driving tractors and feeding cows and horses. If nothing else, it will give you a good taste of what a hard life farming is.1. Which may not be a good question
30、 for the interview in #1?A. What did you do for fun?B. How did you go to school?C. What were your parents like?D. Whats the plan for your future?2. Which is suggested in #2?A. Throwing away what youve found.B. Selling something that is not needed.C. Asking your parents for pocket money.D. Using CDs
31、that youve found as presents.3. What is the proper title for #1, #2, #3 and #4 separately?a. Clear out Your Room b. Create a Memory Bookc. Help on a Nearby Farm d. Discover Family HistoryA. a-d-b-cB. d-a-b-cC. d-b-a-cD. c-a-b-d4. What can working on a farm bring to you?A. Your love for country music
32、.B. The interest in your future job.C. The experience of farm work.D. The fun of sharing with friends.5. Who is the text written for?A. Teens.B. Teachers.C. Parents.D. Farmers.【文章大意】本文讲述的是夏天即将到来，作者向家长询问了他们认为青少年在夏天可以做什么事情，并且给出一些关于在夏季进行有趣活动的想法和建议。1. D【解析】细节理解题。句意：Which may not be a good question for t
33、he interview in #1?在 #1哪一个问题对于采访来说可能不是好问题？A. What did you do for fun? 您过去做什么娱乐活动？B. How did you go to school? 你过去怎么去上学？C. What were your parents like? 你父母是什么样的人？D. Whats the plan for your future? 你的未来计划是什么?此次活动是探望老人的活动，故问老人们对于未来的规划很明显不符合。故选D。2. B【解析】细节理解题。句意：Which is suggested in #2?哪一条建议适合在#2中？A. T
34、hrowing away what youve found.扔掉你发现的东西。B. Selling something that is not needed. 卖掉不需要的东西。C. Asking your parents for pocket money.向你父母索要零用钱。D. Using CDs that youve found as presents .D.使用你发现的CD作为礼物。依据文中You can now have a yard sale for the things you no longer want, and make yourself some pocket money
35、 at the same time.你现在可以把不想要的东西在院子里卖了，同时给自己挣点零用钱可知。故选B。3. B【解析】细节理解题。句意：What is the proper title for #1, #2, #3 and #4 separately?#1、#2、#3和#4的合适标题是什么？a. Clear out Your Room清理你的房间；b. Create a Memory Book.创建一本记忆簿；c. Help on a Nearby Farm在附近的农场帮忙；d. Discover Family History 发现家族历史。依据文中Visit older family
36、members and interview them about the past of your family.拜访年长的家庭成员，并询问他们关于你家庭的过去可知。#1合适标题是d. Discover Family History 发现家族历史。you will find all those lost CDs/books/socks that are hidden under the bed.找到那些藏在床下的丢失的CD/书/袜子，You can now have a yard sale for the things you no longer want.你现在可以把不想要的东西在院子里卖了
37、可知。#2合适标题是a. Clear out Your Room清理你的房间。Put together a memory book.整理一本记忆簿可知。#3合适标题是b. Create a Memory Book创建一本记忆簿。work on the farm and have a bit of fun. 在农场工作，享受一下乐趣可知。#4合适标题是c. Help on a Nearby Farm帮助附近的农场。故选B。4. C【解析】细节理解题。句意：What can working on a farm bring to you? 在农场工作能给你带来什么？A. Your love for
38、country music. 你对乡村音乐的热爱； B. The interest in your future job. 对你未来工作的兴趣；C. The experience of farm work.农场工作的经验；D. The fun of sharing with friends.与朋友分享的乐趣。依据文中it will give you a good taste of what a hard life farming它会让你体验艰苦的农耕生活可知。Taste品尝、体验。故选C。5. A【解析】细节理解题。句意：Who is the text written for? 这篇短文是为谁写的？A. Teens.青少年； B. Teachers.教师； C. Parents. 父母； D. Farmers. 农民。依据文中Fun activities for Teens to do in the summer. 青少年在夏天做的有趣的活动可知。故选A。
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