天津市太平村中学高中英语名师讲座课件：阅读理解之词义猜测体.ppt

1、阅读理解之词义猜测题.命题分析阅读中有生词是难免的，而利用文章所提供的语境去推测生词的意义是阅读的必备技能之一。词义猜测题是高考必考的题型，一般占阅读理解总题量的10%左右。所猜词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。阅读理解专题系列之()名师讲座学.科.网常见的命题方式：The phrase“.”could be replaced by_The word“.”in the paragraph refers to_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph？/What does the under

2、lined word mean?Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase“.”？Which of the following words can take the place of the word“.”？词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它

3、们猜词义较容易。.技法指导(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but，or，however，so，because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。(2012福建卷)Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too?Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself?We

4、ll，apparently its because we have mirror neurons(神经元)in our brains.Put simply,the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something，our brains imitate(模仿)it,whether or not we actually perform the same action.This explains a great deal about how we.以例说法learn to smi

5、le，talk,walk,dance or play sports.But the idea goes further：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions,they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains,but especially in the areas whi

6、ch relate to our ability to use languages,and to understand how other people feel.Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language.A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen tozxxkw(for example:“The hand took hold of the ball”),the same mirro

7、r neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed(in this example,actually taking hold of a ball)Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior.Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully

8、functioning.However,it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动)Indeed,it may turn out to be the equivalent(相等物)for neuroscie

9、nce of what Einsteins theory of relativity was for physics.And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else doeswell,perhaps youll understand why.Awhy we cry when we are hurtBwhy we cough when we suffer from a coldCwhy we smile when we see someone else smileDwhy we yawn w

10、hen we see someone else stay up late答案C提示：推理判断题。利用要诀2题干定位法。Aset off Bcut offCbuilt up Dbroken up答案A提示：词义猜测题。利用要诀8词义猜测法。67Mirror neurons can explain_68The underlined word “triggered”in the third paragraph probably means“_”Arelate to human behavior and interactionBcontrol human physical actions and fe

11、elingsCresult in bad behavior and social disordersDdetermine our knowledge and language abilities答案A提示：推理判断题。利用要诀5正选法与排除法。69We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons_AWays to find mirror neurons.BProblems of mirror neurons.CExistence of mirror neurons.DFunctions of mirror neurons.答案D提示：主旨大意题。利用要诀5正选法与排除法。70What is the passage mainly about?zxxkw