1、语言知识运用（七）完形填空To write an article, Chinese famous writer Yu Qiuyu came to Germany to get a better understanding of German culture.Mr. Yu felt_1_ with an apartment on the fifth floor, whose landlord was a(n) _2_ old lady. He intended to sign a longterm rental contract with her.The old lady_3_ Mr. Yu t
2、o live in it for a few days to see whether it was _4_ for him. Mr. Yu felt reasonable, and moved in.The_5_ trial was due. Mr. Yu was planning to sign the longterm contract _6_ an incident happened. He broke a valuable glass into pieces by accident. He felt very _7_， fearing that he would _8_ to rent
3、 the apartment as a result of it.He made a call to tell her about it, the old lady replied, “It doesnt matter, sir. You didnt do it _9_. Besides, the glass is not expensive at all. Tomorrow, I will take another one there.”_10_， Mr. Yu hang up. The broken glass, together with the other trash, was put
4、 in a rubbish bag out of the _11_. The next day, the old lady dropped in. _12_ entering the apartment, she asked Mr. Yu where the glass remaining pieces were.Yu Qiuyu showed the old lady where the bag was.The old lady opened the bag to _13_. “I wont rent the apartment to you any longer.” She said to
5、 Mr. Yu _14_Mr. Yu was totally puzzled.Yu felt_15_ to believe, asking: “Is it _16_ I have broken your favorite glass that makes you unhappy？” The old lady _17_ her head and said, “Not _18_. It is because you dont care about the others.”With these words, the old lady_19_ the bag, and sorted it carefu
6、lly again, putting the broken glass pieces in one bag, writing, “Glass Fragments(碎片). _20_！”1. A. concernedB. satisfiedC. disappointed D. worried2. A. considerate B. mysteriousC. enthusiastic D. generous3. A. ordered B. warnedC. advised D. persuaded4. A. important B. expensiveC. necessary D. suitabl
7、e5. A. longterm B. previousC. shortterm D. fair6. A. when B. whileC. until D. as7. A. calm B. nervousC. angry D. excited8. A. prefer B. appearC. decide D. fail9. A. in advance B. on purposeC. for sure D. as usual10. A. Relieved B. SurprisedC. Encouraged D. Confused11. A. office B. buildingC. apartme
8、nt D. room12. A. At B. OverC. By D. On13. A. show B. examineC. remind D. discover14. A. slowly B. angrilyC. happily D. patiently15. A. difficult B. willingC. easy D. comfortable16. A. what B. whichC. whether D. that17. A. lowered B. noddedC. raised D. shook18. A. likely B. exactlyC. naturally D. pro
9、perly19. A. threw B. tookC. emptied D. searched20. A. Look After B. Watch OutC. Think Over D. Find Out答案与解析【文章大意】余秋雨在写追寻德国时，为了彻底了解德国，他只身来到德国，深入体验生活。房东老太在余秋雨租住前建议试住，在余先生打碎玻璃杯后又要把他赶走，到底为什么？1. 答案B解析由下文余先生准备签长期的入住合同可知，余先生对套房是满意的。用satisfied。concerned“关心的；关注的”；disappointed“失望的”；worried“担忧的；忧虑的”。2. 答案A解析由建
10、议余先生先试住看一看是不是合适可知，老妇人是顾虑周到的， 体谅的；mysterious“神秘的；不可思议的”；enthusiastic“狂热的；热心的”；generous“有雅量的；宽宏大量的”。3. 答案C解析由下文余先生感到合情合理可知，老妇人向余先生提出试住的建议(advise)。order“命令”；warn“警告”；persuade“说服”。4. 答案D解析老妇人建议余先生先试住几天看是不是合适长期租住。important“重要的”； expensive“昂贵的”； necessary“必要的”；suitable“合适的”。5. 答案C解析a few days与shortterm相符合
11、。6. 答案A解析was planning sth. . when . “正要做某事，突然”。when为并列连词，连接两个并列句。7. 答案B解析担心无法租到房子，因此感到紧张(nervous)。8. 答案D解析fail to do sth.“无法做成某事”。9. 答案B解析老妇人列举了两个不在意的理由：不是故意的；杯子很便宜。on purpose“故意地”。10. 答案A解析余先生长舒了一口气，用relieved。11. 答案C解析重词再现。上下文谈论的主题就是租房子(apartment)。12. 答案D解析on doing sth. as soon as sb. do(es) sth.“一
12、就”。13. 答案B解析老妇人打开垃圾袋仔细检查。examine“仔细检查”。14. 答案B解析从下文老妇人要赶余先生走可知，老妇人生气了。15. 答案A解析余先生感到难以置信(difficult to believe)。16. 答案D解析这是一个强调句式，makes为句子的谓语，被强调部分为主语从句，that引导主语从句，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。17. 答案D解析由后面的否定回答可知，老太太摇了摇头。shake ones head“摇头”。18. 答案B解析“not exactly”与“not really”大体语义相似。意为“不完全是”。19. 答案C解析老妇人“倒空”垃圾袋，用emp
13、ty。20. 答案B解析老妇人写的是：“玻璃碎片，当心。”完形填空(2019青岛市高考模拟检测)The murmur of the audience had just faded into silence.This was one of the most _1_ days in fiveyearold Patricia McKees life：the Kernot School Concert.She stood _2_ the curtain with her schoolmates.Yet she was not _3_ because everyone had been practici
14、ng for weeks and knew their _4_ by heart.Being in a remote country town，Patricia knew that everyone would _5_ for the big occasioneveryone！Yet，it was this awareness that added a sense of _6_ to her excitement.There were two people who couldnt be in that _7_ that nighther mum and dad.Patricias parent
15、s _8_ the local general store，which was _9_ for business 24 hours.So it was simply _10_ that Mum and Dad could never attend community activities.It had been this way with her sister，so why should it be any _11_ for her?Still，Patricia couldnt help _12_ that her parents could be there to see her on su
16、ch a special day，so she decided to _13_ the subject with her mother._14_，she had to face the facts.At such a young age，Patricia couldnt really understand the deep _15_ in her mothers response：“Ill try to be there，sweetheart，but you know how _16_ it is for us to get away from the store.”Yet as the cu
17、rtain slowly opened, little Patricia got the _17_ of her life.There，sitting four rows the front was her mother with a big smile on her face!This powerful image _18_ one of Patricias most treasured memories.“Words cannot express the pure joy we both _19_ at that moment，” said Patricia.Her parents hav
18、e passed away, but what a wonderful legacy(遗产) theyve left us：when someone really _20_ you，be there for them.1A.difficultBimportantCsad Dperfect2A.before BunderCbeside Dbehind3A.excited BmovedCafraid Dlost4A.parts BrelationsCjobs Dforms5A.join up BprepareCdrop in Dturn out6A.happiness BsadnessCwilli
19、ngness Deagerness7A.audience BstoreCplay Dmovie8A.bought BgotCsold Dran9A.easy BopenCstill Dclosed10A.recognized BdeniedCaccepted Dincredible11A.different BsatisfiedCpersonal Dwise12A.thinking BtalkingClearning Dwishing13A.hand in Bgo throughCbring up Dput away14A.Surprisingly BHappilyCObviously DSa
20、dly15A.pain BmeaningCunderstanding Dthought16A.awful BhardCtroublesome Dthankful17A.blow BwonderCperson Dsurprise18A.remained BleftCtook Daffected19A.wanted BexperiencedCmade Dforgot20A.hates BlovesCcares Dneeds【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。父母因忙于看店无法去看Patricia McKee的演出，所以当Patricia突然看到母亲出现在演出现场时，她非常惊讶。这一刻成了她一生的回忆
21、。文章通过这件事告诉我们：当别人需要你时，请陪在他们身边。1B考查形容词辨析。根据第二段中的“the big occasion”以及常识可知，对于五岁的Patricia来说，那天是一个重要的日子。B项意为“重要的”，符合语境。A项意为“困难的”；C项意为“悲伤的”；D项意为“完美的”，均与语境不符。故选B。2D考查介词辨析。根据常识及第五段第一句“Yet as the curtain slowly opened”可知，出场前Patricia和她的同学站在幕布的后面。D项意为“在的后面”，符合语境。A项意为“在面前”；B项意为“在下面”；C项意为“在旁边”，均与语境不符。故选D。3C考查形容词辨
22、析。根据空格后的“because everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，所有人都排练了几个星期，所以她不害怕。C项意为“害怕的”，符合语境。A项意为“兴奋的”；B项意为“感动的”；D项意为“迷惘的，困惑的”，均与语境不符。故选C。4A考查名词辨析。根据本句中的“everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，排练了几个星期，每个人都记熟了自己的台词和动作。A项意为“角色，台词和动作”，符合语境。B项意为“关系”；C项意为“工作”；D项意为“形式”，均与语境不符。故选A。5D考查动词(短语)辨析。根据语境可知，所有
23、人都会出席这个盛大的活动。D项意为“出席，参加”，符合语境。A项意为“连接，联合起来”；B项意为“准备”；C项意为“落进，顺便拜访”，均与语境不符。故选D。6B考查名词辨析。根据下一句内容可知，因为父母不能来观看演出，所以Patricia在兴奋的同时又有些难过。B项意为“悲伤，难过”，符合语境。A项意为“幸福”；C项意为“乐意”；D项意为“渴望”，均与语境不符。故选B。7A考查名词辨析。根据下一段内容可知，此处指Patricia的父母亲不能在现场当她的观众。A项意为“观众，听众”，符合语境。故选A。8D考查动词辨析。根据空格后面的宾语“the local general store”可知，此处
24、指Patricia的父母在当地经营一家杂货店。D项意为“经营，参加，跑”，符合语境。故选D。9B考查形容词辨析。根据空格后面的“for business 24 hours”可知，这个杂货店24小时营业。B项意为“开放的，营业的”，符合语境。故选B。10C考查词义辨析。根据上下文可知，她的父母经营一家24小时都营业的商店，所以她的父母从不参加社区活动是可以接受的。C项意为“公认可接受的，被认可的”，符合语境。A项意为“辨认出”；B项意为“否认”；D项意为“极好的，难以置信的”，均与语境不符。故选C。11A考查形容词辨析。根据前一句“It had been this way with her si
25、ster”可知，父母也没有参加过姐姐的活动，所以对她不会有所不同。A项意为“不同的”，符合语境。B项意为“满意的”；C项意为“个人的”；D项意为“明智的”，均与语境不符。故选A。12D考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“Still”和“her parents could be there”可知，虽然如此，Patricia还是忍不住希望她的父母亲能来看她演出。D项意为“希望”，符合语境。A项意为“想，认为”；B项意为“谈论”；C项意为“学习”，均与语境不符。故选D。13C考查动词短语辨析。根据上文提到的Patricia希望她的父母能来看她演出和空格后面的宾语“the subject with her m
26、other”可知，此处指Patricia决定向母亲提出这个话题。C项意为“提出”，符合语境。A项意为“上交”；B项意为“经历”；D项意为“把收起来”，均与语境不符。故选C。14D考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“she had to face the facts”以及下文母亲的回答可知，她的母亲并不确定能不能参加，所以很遗憾她只能接受这个事实。D项意为“不幸地，说来遗憾”，符合语境。A项意为“惊讶地”；B项意为“高兴地”；C项意为“明显地”，均与语境不符。故选D。15A考查名词辨析。根据常识以及后来母亲出现在观众席里可知，母亲想参加女儿的活动却抽不出时间，她也很痛苦，但五岁的Patricia并不理解
27、这种痛苦。A项意为“痛苦”，符合语境。B项意为“意思”；C项意为“理解”；D项意为“想法”，均与语境不符。故选A。16B考查形容词辨析。根据上文提及的24小时营业商店可知，她的父母亲离开商店是一件很困难的事情。B项意为“困难的”，符合语境。A项意为“可怕的”；C项意为“麻烦的”；D项意为“感激的”，均与语境不符。故选B。17D考查名词辨析。根据上文母亲的回答可知，母亲观看Patricia的演出的可能性不大，所以当Patricia看到台下的母亲时，那真的是她人生中的惊喜。D项意为“惊喜，意想不到的事”，符合语境。A项意为“打击”；B项意为“奇迹”；C项意为“人”，均与语境不符。故选D。18A考查
28、动词辨析。根据上文可知，母亲的出现对Patricia来说是一个很大的惊喜，所以这一幕成为Patricia最珍贵的记忆之一。A项意为“继续，依然”，符合语境。B项意为“离开”；C项意为“拿走”；D项意为“影响”，均与语境不符。故选A。19B考查动词辨析。“we both _ at that moment”是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，先行词the pure joy在从句中作空格处所填词的宾语。句意为Patricia说：“没有言语能表达出我们在那一刻所体会到的那种纯粹的快乐。”B项意为“体会，感受”，符合语境。A项意为“想要”；C项意为“使得，制造”；D项意为“忘记”，均与语境不
29、符。故选B。20D考查动词辨析。通读全文可知，文章通过 Patricia的经历告诉我们：当别人真正需要你时，要陪伴在他们的身边。D项意为“需要”，符合语境。A项意为“憎恨”；B项意为“爱”；C项意为“在乎”，均与语境不符。故选D。语法填空(2019四川广元高三模拟)Visitors to Britain may find the best place to enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. A team of _1_(research) have discovered some of the unknown culture of Brit
30、ish pubsstarting with the difficulty of _2_(get) a drink. This may sound inconvenient, but there is _3_ hidden meaning.Pub culture _4_(form) to improve sociabilityin a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service _5_(allow) you to chat with others who are waiting to be ser
31、ved. The bar counter is _6_(possible) the only place in Britain where a _7_(friend) talk with strangers is considered to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior. _8_， if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, _9_ is best f
32、or one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry _10_(much) than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.答案与解析【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国的酒吧文化，以及在英国的酒吧里应该如何了解到本土的文化。1. 答案researchers解析考查名词复数。a team
33、 of后接可数名词复数形式。2. 答案getting解析考查动名词。of是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。3. 答案a解析考查冠词。meaning作“意思”讲时，是可数名词，单数形式前加a表示泛指。4. 答案is formed解析考查动词时态和语态。名词pub culture与form构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态的形式。5. 答案allows解析考查主谓一致。动名词短语Standing at the bar for service作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。6. 答案possibly解析考查副词。使用副词possibly作为状语，对谓语进行修饰。7. 答案friendly解析考
34、查形容词。talk是名词，用形容词修饰作定语，名词friend的形容词是friendly。8. 答案However解析考查副词。 however表示转折，尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时，其意为“可是”“仍然”等。可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。9. 答案it解析考查it用法。it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to go to buy the drinks。10. 答案more解析考查比较级。根据句中than, 用比较级more。语法填空(2019山师大附中模拟)Chinese teahouses are the traditional ancient cafes of
35、 the east for getting together，_1_ (chat)with friends and generally passing the time.The teahouse has become a place for people to not only drink tea and relax，_2_ experience Chinese culture，hold social activities，host private parties and conduct business _3_ (negotiate)The teahouse recreates the ch
36、aracter of old Beijing，_4_ makes it a must for foreigners，who，from around the world，come to China_5_ (appreciate)Beijing Opera，drama and other Beijing folk art，as well as drink tea.Jasmine tea is the favorite of many old Beijingers，who love_6_ (it) pure，clear taste and strong fragrance.Its _7_ (abso
37、lute) on the menu at the Lao She Teahouse.Dawan tea is just as famous_8_ the longspouted (长壶嘴的)teapot.It _9_ (say) that the founder of Lao She Teahouse started his business by serving Dawan tea for just two_10_ (cent)each.And today its the only teahouse still serving Dawan tea at such a low price，th
38、ough theres no profit in it.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了茶社及大碗茶。1chatting考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处和“getting together”、“passing the time”并列，所以应用所给词的动名词形式。故填chatting。2but考查连词。此处指在茶社人们不但可以喝茶和放松，还可以体验中国文化。not only.but (also).意为“不但而且”，符合语境。故填but。3negotiations考查词性转换。此处应用negotiate的名词形式negotiation作动词conduct的宾语；而negotiati
39、on是可数名词，此处指商务谈判，应用其复数形式。故填negotiations。4which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的句子，在句中作主语，指物。故填which。5to appreciate考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处指来中国欣赏京剧，戏剧和其他北京民间艺术，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to appreciate。6its考查代词。空格处修饰“pure，clear taste and strong fragrance”，应用形容词性物主代词its，表所属关系。故填its。7absolutely考查词性转换。此处应用所给词的副词形式修饰介词短语。故填a
40、bsolutely。8as考查固定结构。此处为“as形容词原级as”结构。故填as。9is said考查固定句型。It is said that.为固定句型，意为“据说”。故填is said。10cents考查名词复数。cent是可数名词，被“two”修饰，应用其复数形式。故填cents。短文改错(2019年唐山一模)Being a teacher is always believed to be one of greatest occupations, because teachers make great contributions for the world.Last week, I g
41、ot a chance to experience teaching students.Our school asked us to teach some kids live in the countryside.The kids was so happy that they gave me a warm welcome.I teach them English and after class, we played games happily.We had a lot of funs together.When I returned back to school, I missed the s
42、tudents so much.They like me but some of them have kept in touch with me ever since.I felt so proudly of being a teacher.【答案】Being a teacher is always believed to be one of greatest occupations, because teachers make great contributions the world.Last week, I got a chance to experience teaching stud
43、ents.Our school asked to teach some kids in the countryside.The kids so happy that they gave me a warm welcome.I them English and after class, we played games happily.We had a lot of together.When I returned to school, I missed the students so much.They like me some of them have kept in touch with m
44、e ever since.I felt so of being a teacher.第一处：在of后加the考查冠词。形容词最高级前要加定冠词，故在greatest前加the。第二处：forto考查介词。make contributions to是固定搭配，意为“为做出贡献”，故将for改为to。第三处：usme考查代词。根据下文中的they gave me a warm welcome可知，此处指学校让“我”教一些生活在乡下的孩子，asked的宾语是“我”。故将us改为me。第四处：liveliving考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为asked，因此live应用非谓语动词形式；此处
45、作定语，且逻辑主语kids与动词live之间为主动关系，用现在分词。故将live改为living。第五处：waswere考查主谓一致。本句主语是复数名词kids，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故将was改为were。第六处：teachtaught考查时态。根据下一分句中的时态提示词played可知，此处用一般过去时。故将teach改为taught。第七处：funsfun考查名词。fun是不可数名词，不用复数形式。故将funs改为fun。第八处：删除back考查副词。returncome back，本句中back多余。故删除back。第九处：butand考查连词。句意：他们喜欢我，而且自那以后，他们中
46、的一些人一直和我保持联系。根据句意可知，此处是递进关系，故将but改为and。第十处：proudlyproud考查形容词。feel是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，且feel proud of.是固定搭配，意为“为感到骄傲”。故将proudly改为proud。短文改错(2019年青岛检测)Dear Jenny，I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after enter the high school.There is nothing that you can do to change this situation.First, try to in
47、vite some of your classmate to take part some activities together after school.This will help you understand each other better.Then, help others when they are in the trouble, but ask them to help you when you have difficulty.As far as I am concerned, life in senior high school was stressful.But I am
48、 determining to overcome all the difficulties and learn all subjects good.I hope you will get used with the life in the new school earlier!Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Jenny，I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after the high school.There is that you can do to change this situation.First, try to invi
49、te some of your to take part some activities together after school.This will help you understand each other better.Then, help others when they are in trouble, ask them to help you when you have difficulty.As far as I am concerned, life in senior high school stressful.But I am to overcome all the dif
50、ficulties and learn all subjects .I hope you will get used the life in the new school earlier!Yours，Li Hua第一处：enterentering考查动名词的用法。此处after为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，因此动词enter改为动名词entering。第二处：nothingsomething考查不定代词。根据下文作者提出的两条建议可知，此处表示“你可以采取措施来改变这种状况”，nothing不符合语境。故改为something。第三处：classmateclassmates考查名词复数。cl
51、assmate是可数名词，由“some”可知，此处不止一个同学，所以改为复数classmates。第四处：part后加in考查动词短语。动词短语take part in意为“参加”，后接名词词组some activities，表示“参加一些活动”。故加in。第五处：删去the考查固定搭配。固定介词短语in trouble意为“处于困境中”，中间不用定冠词。故去掉the。第六处：butand考查并列连词。“当别人处于困境时帮助他们”和“当你有困难时请他们帮助你”之间没有转折的语气，是顺承关系。故用and连接。第七处：wasis考查动词的时态。“高中生活是有压力的”描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故将was改为is。第八处：determiningdetermined考查固定短语。固定短语be determined to do sth.意为“下决心做某事”。故改为determined。第九处：goodwell考查副词的用法。good是形容词，此处应用副词修饰动词learn。故将good改为well。第十处：withto考查固定搭配。固定短语get/be used to意为“习惯于”。句意：我希望你尽早习惯新学校的生活。故将with改为to。
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