1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（五十五）一：词组梳理1 on duty 上班,值班2 on earth 究竟,到底 3 on fire 起火，着火4 on foot 步行5 on guard 站岗,值班6 on hand 在场,在手边 7 on occasion(s) 有时,间或8 on ones own 独立,独自 9 on purpose 故意地10 on sale 出售,廉价出售 11 on schedule 按时间表,准时12 on second thoughts 经重新考虑 13 on the contrary 正相反14 on the grounds of 根据,以.为由 1
2、5 on (the) one hand 一方面16 on the other hand 另一方面 17 on the point of 即将.的时刻18 on the road 在旅途中 19 on the side 作为兼职/副业20 on the spot 在场;马上 21 on the whole 总的来说,大体上22 on time 准时 23 once again 再一次24 once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 25 once in a while 偶尔26 once more 再一次 27 once upon a time 从前28 one another 相互 29 o
3、r else 否则,要不然30 or so 大约,左右 31 other than 非;除了32 out of 从.中;由于;缺乏 33 out of breath 喘不过气来34 out of control 失去控制 35 out of date 过时的36 out of doors 在户外 37 out of order 出故障的38 out of place 不合适的，不在适当的位置 39 out of practice 久不练习,荒疏40 out of sight 看不见,在视野外 二：习题训练（A）If youve ever had to chop an onion, you pr
4、obably know that its one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and theyve apparently come up with a tearless onion.Called the “Sunion”, this new vegetable is the result of a na
5、tural cross-breeding program thats been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. Its supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesnt leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its cho
6、pped.When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored
7、, so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying compound drop as time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.Thats what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried th
8、em seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they dont have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”.So the good news i
9、s that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but well probably sta
10、rt seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them.1.What is special about the Sunion?A.Its easily chopped.B.Its sweet and tastes strong.C.Its tearless and mild.D.Its grown nationwide in the USA.2.How does the author introduce the Sunion in P
11、aragraph 3?A.By comparison.B.By telling a story.C.By giving examples.D.By asking questions.3.What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Round shape. B.Strong smell. C.Special character.D.Medical function.4.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A.The Sunion has been largely
12、 on the market.B.The Sunion is still on trial at present.C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.（B）A desert doesnt sound like the most promising place to plant a tree. Yet, since 1978, China has planted at least 66 billion of them across it
13、s arid(干旱的) northern territories, 1(hope) to transform its sandhills into a Great Green Wall.The tree-planting strategy is 2 massive attempt to help fight desertification(沙漠化). 3(Rough) a million square miles of Chinaa quarter of the countryis covered in sand. Many scientists are skeptical as to whe
14、ther planting trees will make a difference in the long run. But Chinas State Forestry Administration claims the measure 4 (reduce) sandstorms by 20 percent and desertification by nearly 5,000 miles in recent years.Ian Teh, who lives in Malaysia but 5 (work) throughout Asia, documents humans influenc
15、e 6the landscape. Over six days in May 2016, he photographed the tree-planting 7(plan) in the Gobi Desert in northern China. They seemed to be 8 (success) in places like Duolun County, some 220 miles north of Beijing, 9the government has planted 2.6 million trees over the past 17 years. The places b
16、ecame almost grassy. “To be honest, 10is hard to imagine it was ever a desert at all,”he says.答案及解析A语篇解读有过切洋葱经历的人一定会印象深刻:两眼泪水。美国两个州研究出了一种新型的洋葱,不会让人流泪而且还可以像吃玉米花那样吃它。1.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的theyve apparently come up with a tearless onion及第二段中Its supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesnt leave t
17、hat strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesnt cause teary eyes when its chopped.可知这种洋葱不会让人流眼泪且气味不浓。故选C项。2.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,作者用普通洋葱与新型洋葱进行比较,故作者是运用了比较法。故选A项。3.B词义猜测题。根据其后半句are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”可以猜测出pungency是
18、“刺激性气味”之意。故选B项。4.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but well probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.可知作者对Sunion的未来很有信心。故选D。B语篇解读马来西亚一位摄影记者拍摄了中国植树造林改造荒漠计划的实施和取得的成就。1.ho
19、ping考查非谓语动词。逗号后的部分应该是非谓语动词作状语。hope与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式。2.a考查冠词。句意:植树造林战略是一个大规模的与沙漠化作斗争的尝试。考查不定冠词表示泛指意思:一次大规模尝试。3.Roughly考查副词。粗略估计,中国有一百万平方英里的土地被沙漠覆盖着。句首用副词形式来修饰整个句子。4.has reduced考查动词时态。空格处是从句的谓语,根据时间状语in recent years可知此处要用现在完成时,且主语是单数形式,故填has reduced。5.works考查动词时态。but连接两个并列的谓语动词lives和works。6.on考查介词。此处表达:记录下人类对地貌产生的影响。根据have an influence on可知答案为介词on。7.plans考查名词复数。他拍摄了中国北方戈壁沙漠的植树造林计划。根据下一句中的代词They可知此处要用复数形式。8.successful考查形容词。这些计划在一些地方好像非常成功。空格处要用形容词作表语。9.where考查定语从句。空格处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词places,where在定语从句中充当地点状语。10.it考查It is/was+adj.+to do sth.句式。表达“做某事是的”,其中it作形式主语。