1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（三十）一：词组梳理1 look around 环顾, show sb around 带领某人参观2 安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth3 arrive at +小地点(airport) , arrive in +大地点(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late4 一件工艺品a work of art5 假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth6 as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as
2、 he is (as解释为虽然=though)7 as he grows up 随着年龄的长大 , as we all know 众所周知8 as+形容词+as 和一样 ,not so+形容词+as 和不一样9 as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要10 as well as 也11 ask after sb 问候某人 , ask for sb 请求某人 , ask for help 请求帮忙12 fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed 上床睡觉 , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感觉瞌睡的13 把和联想在一起be a
3、ssociated with sth14 我向你保证I assure you that , assure sb of sth 向某人保证15 心脏病heart attack16 企图做某事情 make an attempt to do sth17 出席典礼attend the ceremony ,上学attend school18 注意 pay attention to sth/doing sth19 a large/small audience 一大/小批听/观众 , 个观众 an audience of five hundred20 be tied to 束缚于,捆绑于 21 be tir
4、ed of 厌倦,厌烦22 behind time 晚点 23 belief in 对的真实性或正确性具有的信心 24 believe( to be) 相信是 25 better than 好于26 beyond question 毋庸置疑 27 break away 脱离,逃跑 28 break down 损坏,分解,瓦解 29 break into 闯入 30 break in 强行进行,打断 31 break off 断绝,结束 32 break out 突发,爆发 33 break through 突破 34 break up 终止,结束,打碎 35 bring about 产生36
5、bring forward 提出37 bring out 使出现;公布;出版38 bring up 培养,养大39 by accident 偶然,含有不幸的因素 40 by all means 无论如何,必定 41 by chance 偶然,意外地 42 by choice 处于选择 43 by contrast 对比之下44 by means of 用,依靠; 借助于 45 by means of 借助于 46 by mistake 错误地 47 by the way 顺便提一下 48 by virtue of 凭借,借助;因为49 by way of 经由,通过方式 50 call for
6、th 唤起,引起 51 call for 邀请,要求,需要 52 call off 放弃,取消 53 call on/upon 访问,拜访 54 care for 照顾,关心 55 carry out 贯彻,执行,实现 56 cast light on 阐明某事57 catch up with 赶上58 catch sight of 看见59 center on 把集中在,以为中心二：习题训练（A）Do you have a younger brother? Does he always get in trouble? Well, there might be some science beh
7、ind that. According to a report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly, which could be why you from time to time consider your younger brother or sister sprites.Researchers, who explored data from tens of thousands of sibling(兄弟姐
8、妹) pairs from Denmark and Florida, found second-borns are 20% to 40% more likely to have behavioral problems. If youre the second-born child you may want to have a little chat with your parents. The reason why second-born siblings may be worse behaved than first-born is that parents tend to pay less
9、 attention to them.“Second-born children tend to have less attention from the mother than their older siblings because first-born children experience their mothers maternity leave (产假). First-borns enjoy the rewards of not only their own time with Mum following their birth, but the time Mum takes of
10、f with younger siblings, too.” the authors explain. Its not just about the parents, however. Speaking to NRP, co-author Joseph Doyle said, “The first-born has role models, who are adults. And the second, later-born children have role models who are slightly unreasonable 2-year-olds, you know, their
11、older siblings. The difference of parental investments and the sibling influences probably contribute to these differences we see in the labor market and what we find in behaviors against regulations, even against laws. Its just very difficult to separate those two things because they happen at the
12、same time”The results, the authors argue, have an important effect on social policy.1What does the underlined word “sprites” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?ALosersBTroublemakersCClose companionsDParents pets2According to the report, what influences the second-born childrens behavior?AChallenges of the
13、ir elder siblingsBThe amount of attention they receive from parentsCMore family problems they are faced withDFewer chances of talking with others3Joseph Doyle holds the opinion that the older siblings _.Ahave the same role models as their younger onesBare not to blame for their younger siblings fail
14、ureCare partly responsible for their younger siblings problemsDaffect the parental investment and the labor market participation4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AParents Prefer First-Born KidsBHow Parents Improve Family RelationshipsCSocial Policy Guides Family EducationDWh
15、y the Second-Born Tend to be Misbehaved （B）There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _1_ (have) to worry about fash
16、ion(时尚). Everybody wears_2_ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _3_gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _4_ (cycle) to school on
17、dark mornings, car drivers can _5_ (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _6_ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students grades _7_ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didnt want _8_ (wear) the unifo
18、rm. Other American studies showed no _9_(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are _10_ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 perc
19、ent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.答案及解析A【答案】1B2B3C4D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要根据麻省理工学院的一份报告分析了为什么二胎孩子通常表现不佳。1词义猜测题。根据第二段中second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly老二比老大更有可能行为不端。可知，弟弟妹妹应该会带来麻烦事，因此猜测划线词sprites意为“麻烦制造者”。故选B项。2细节理解题。根据第三段中The reason why second-born siblings may be
20、worse behaved than first-born is that parents tend to pay less attention to them.第二胎的兄弟姐妹比第一胎的表现更差的原因是父母往往不太关注他们。可知，二胎孩子从父母那里得到的关注度影响了他们的行为。故选B项。3推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The first-born has role models, who are adults. And the second, later-born children have role models who are slightly unreasonable 2-year-ol
21、ds, you know, their older siblings. 第一个孩子有自己的榜样，他们都是成年人。第二代，也就是晚出生的孩子，他们的榜样是有点不理性的比他们大的2岁的孩子，你知道，就是他们的哥哥姐姐。由此判断出，约瑟夫道尔认为，年长的兄弟姐妹对他们弟弟妹妹的问题负有部分责任。故选C项。4主旨大意题。根据第一段中Do you have a younger brother? Does he always get in trouble? Well, there might be some science behind that. 你有弟弟吗？他总是惹麻烦吗？嗯，这背后可能有一些科学道理
22、。以及第二段中According to a report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly根据麻省理工学院的一份报告，老二比老大更有可能行为不端。可知，本文主要是根据报告分析了为什么二胎孩子表现不佳，因此本文的最佳标题是选项D“为什么第二胎的孩子会表现不佳”。故选D项。 B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。1. has/will have【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服
23、时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。2.the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。3. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。4. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动
24、词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。5. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。6. to【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .这是固定搭配，“的答案是”。故填to。7. improved【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一
25、致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。8. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。9. connection/connections【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。10. traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。