1、Unit 2 Working the landSection Grammar动词ing形式作主语和宾语语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 Since then，finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the field
2、s.However，he doesnt care about being famous.语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 He enjoys listening to violin music，playing mah-jong，swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could f
3、eed more people.语 境 自 主 领 悟 后自主感悟 1.以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是 。2.作动词宾语的是 。3.作介词(短语)宾语的是。，语 法 精 要 点 拨 一、关于动词-ing 形式的基本情况1动词-ing 形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词-ing 形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。2动词-ing 形式的时态和语态：语态时态 主动语态被动语态 一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been doneReading aloud
4、is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Having studied his lessons very hard，he passed the exam.努力学习了功课，他通过了考试。The building being built now will be finished next month.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。二、动词-ing 形式作主语1动词-ing 形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。Saying is one thing，and doing is another.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。H
5、aving a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。名师点津 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。2形式主语 it 代替动词-ing 形式作主语。此类句式常见的有：Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间Its useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的Its no good/use/fun doing sth.做某
6、事没好处/没用/没意思It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。It is no good/use regretting for the past.悔恨过去是没用的。3v.ing 形式和 to do 作主语时的区别。ving 形式和 to do 都可以作主语。v.ing 形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为，to do 作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Singing is my hobby，and to sing
7、 at my friends birthday party is my dream.唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。即时演练 1 单句语法填空I cant stand(work)with Jane in the same office.Its no use(complain)without taking action.(volunteer)just feels so good.(invite)to the party was a great honour to the family.VolunteeringworkingcomplainingBeing invited三、动词
8、-ing 形式作宾语1作动词的宾语。接 v.ing 形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有：avoid，miss，delay/put off 避免错过少延期advise，finish，practise 建议完成多练习enjoy，imagine，cant help 喜欢想象禁不住admit，deny，envy 承认否定与嫉妒escape，risk，excuse 逃避冒险莫原谅stand，keep，mind 忍受保持不介意He admitted referring to his notes in the exam.他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。She cant stand being looked down
9、upon in public.她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2作介词的宾语。在下面的短语中，常用 v.ing 形式作介词的宾语：be good at，dream of，care about，be concerned about，be interested in，feel like，insist on，think of，aim at，set about，be used to 习惯于；get dow
10、n to 开始做；lead to 导致；devote oneself to 献身于；look forward to 期待；stick to 坚持；pay attention to 注意等。I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life.我梦想着环游世界，过上幸福的生活。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。Im looking forward to your coming next time.我期待着你下一次的到来。Because of the bad w
11、eather，they have to give up going out for a picnic tomorrow.因为天气不好，他们不得不放弃明天的外出野餐。3在以下结构中，动词-ing 形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略。spend.(in)doing 花费做某事have difficulty/trouble(in)doing.做有困难/麻烦stop/prevent.(from)doing 阻止做某事waste time(in)doing 浪费时间做某事be busy(in)doing 忙于做某事have a good/hard time(in)doing高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事Ther
12、e is no point(in)doing 做某事毫无意义He is always busy working every day，which has made him have little time to play with his child.他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。There is no point giving him such a good chance.给他提供这样一个好机会没有意义。即时演练 2 用所给词的适当形式填空Im looking forward to(hear)from you.He devotes himself to(look)into
13、the matter.She likes spending much money(buy)clothes for herself.hearingbuyinglooking四、动词ing 形式作主语、宾语时的几个特殊情况1动词-ing 的复合结构。名词（宾格）/名词s所有格代词（宾格）/形容词性物主代词 动词-ingHis/Toms being late made the teacher very angry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。Would you mind my/me closing the window?你介意我关上窗户吗？Would you mind Marys/Mary clo
14、sing the window?你介意玛丽关上窗户吗？名师点津 动词-ing 的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词/名词的所有格not doing.。Jerrys not arriving on time made the people present angry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。2某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词-ing作宾语。(1)动词 begin，start，continue 等词后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词-ing 作宾语，意义基本相同。They continued discussing/to discuss the plan a
15、fter having a rest.休息了一会后，他们继续讨论这项计划。(2)动词 love，like，hate 等后可跟动词-ing 和不定式作宾语，但接动词-ing 表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作。I love walking with my friend on a sunny day.(习惯)我喜欢和朋友在一个阳光明媚的日子里散步。It is a pleasant day today，so I love to have a walk with my friend.(具体)今天是个令人愉快的日子，所以我想和朋友一起散散步。(3)一些动词后既可跟动词-ing 作宾语，又可跟不定式
16、作宾语，但意义有很大差别。He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯。The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还亮着，他忘记关了。温馨提示 对比记忆作宾语的动词含义go on doing sth.继续做同一件事go on to do sth.接着做另一件事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事forget to do sth.忘记要做某事try doing sth.试着做某事try to do sth.努力做某事remember doing sth.记得做
17、过某事remember to do sth.记住要做某事regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事mean to do.打算/意欲做mean doing.意味着做stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情cant help to do.不能帮着去做cant help doing.禁不住做They stopped to have a look at the fantastic scenery.他们停下来，看了看这美妙绝伦的风景。They stopped working and had a re
18、st.他们停止工作，休息了一下。3用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 v.ing 形式。其结构如下：主语thinkconsiderfindfeelbelieveituselessno useno good.doing.I found it useless/no use arguing about it.我发现争论这件事没有用。Do you consider it any good trying again?你觉得再试会有用吗？4在动词 need，require，want，deserve 后，用动词-ing 形式表示被动意义，即need/require/want/deserve doingnee
19、d/require/want/deserve to be done。These clothes need washing.These clothes need to be washed.这些衣服需要洗。The house requires repairing.The house requires to be repaired这座房子需要修理。5在(be)worth 后面只能用动词-ing 形式来表示被动意义。The film is worth seeing a second time.这部电影值得再看一次。即时演练 3 单句语法填空(1)I remember (see)her before，b
20、ut I cant remember when it was.You must remember(tell)Jackson the news tonight.(2)I didnt mean (visit)him yesterday afternoon.Giving up your plan means(lose)a large amount of money.(3)All of us stopped (talk)when we saw our teacher come in.to visitseeingtalkinglosingto tellShe felt thirsty，so she st
21、opped(get)a drink of water.to get 语 法 应 用 落 实.单句语法填空1(talk)with your kid heart to heart is very important.2The bird narrowly escaped (shoot)by the hunter.3It is no use (regret)your past mistakes.4Do you feel like (have)a walk with me after supper?5My father suggested (read)more books in my spare tim
22、e.regrettingTalkingbeing shotreadinghaving6To avoid (see)by the teacher，Tony stole into the classroom by the back door.7Have you considered (build)a house in the countryside?8Some of the children are shy and they have some difficulty in(make)friends.9We regret(inform)you that you will have to give u
23、p this chance.10We agreed (meet)here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet.makingbeing seenbuildingto meetto inform.完成句子1对于初学者来说，学习驾驶通常是一次紧张的经历。is usually a nervous experience for beginners.2总之，和你的同学处理好关系被认为是一件重要的事情。In a word，is considered an important thing.3当这个人看完信后，他看着他的朋友。After the man finished，he
24、looked at his friend.getting along well with your classmatesLearning to drivereading the letter4李明一直梦想着将来可以开始他自己的生意。Li Ming has always been dreaming of in the future.5尽管我是一个残疾人，但我在生活中总是喜欢帮助别人。While Im a disabled man，I always enjoy in my daily life.starting his own businesshelping othersThank you for watching!