1、Unit 18BeautyWhat Is BeautyWhat is beauty? I am sure everyone has a particular understanding and standard; however, human beings have common value aspect about how to distinguish beautiful things or people somehow.Your beauty is not true beauty until you get to know what real beauty means. Being att
2、ractive is like being richit can help you find happiness, but it doesnt always make you happy. Simply try to be an interesting person. Because interesting people have interesting faces, and interesting faces are almost always attractive.The physical beauty, for example your skin color, is not stable
3、 forever, while the soul beauty will live forever. No matter how handsome or pretty you are, the ruthless (无情的) time can change and take away everything. Beauty is in good things that you do. Your nice behavior with others, the way you understand a person, the way you trust a person, the way you lov
4、e a person, the way you care, the way you share, your honesty and your selfconfidence make your personality so beautiful.One thing to remember: People will forget what you say; people will forget what you do; but they will never forget what you made them feel. You are unique, and your character is u
5、nique. Never feel any kind of lack in you. To live wonderfully, you have to feel wonderful!Somebody said so true that a beautiful woman is a diamond but a truthful, honest, trustworthy woman is a treasure. And finally I would like to say that the beautiful person is that who does beautifully, who sa
6、ys beautifully, who feels beautiful and who helps other people to do the same!开启快乐学习之旅Unit 18Beauty Period OneWarmup & Lesson 1 What Is Beauty?.重点单词1superior adj. 高级的，上等的2conscience n. 良心3accompany vt. 陪同，伴随4dimension n. 方面；度量5subjective adj. 主观的6command n. 命令，指挥7range n. (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围8adore vt. 敬爱
7、，非常喜欢9botany n. 植物学10overweight adj. 过重的，超重的weight n. 重量11breathless adj. 令人屏息的breath n. 呼吸breathe v. 呼吸12consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的consistently adv. 一致地consist v. 一致；组成13woollen adj. 羊毛制的wool n. 羊毛14commitment n. 责任，义务；承诺commit v. 犯罪；做出承诺；答应15tasteless adj. 没有味道的taste n. 味道 v. 品尝.核心短语1die_out 完全消失，灭
8、绝2rely_on 依靠，依赖3in_a_wide_range 在较大范围内4used_to_do 过去常常做5compared to/with 与比较6in preparation for 为做准备7one in every ten people 十分之一的人8a variety of 种种；各种各样的.经典句型1It beadj.to do sth.It is hard to_imagine that they would be seen as attractive in the 21st century.在21世纪，很难想象他们会被认为是迷人的。2what引导表语从句In other c
9、ultures, looking thin for a husbandtobe is not what_a_woman_desires_at_all rather, looking a little overweight is considered more attractive.在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来的丈夫眼中显得苗条，而身材略微丰满才被认为更加迷人。3which/that引导定语从句With the influence of history, society and culture, there are no precise criteria which/that_can_be_
10、used_to_judge_what_is_beautiful .受历史、社会和文化的影响，没有精确的衡量标准来评判什么是美。4if虚拟条件句The human race would soon die out if_we_could_only_see_beauty within a set of limited criteria.如果我们只能用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。课文预读Beauty is in the eye of the beholderIn 1878, When Margaret Wolfe Hungerford wrote “Beauty is in the eye
11、 of the beholder”， she was stating that there was no consistent view on beauty. Standards of beauty change across time and cultural groups.Traditions and fashions, like society itself, change and adapt with time, so it is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well. In 19thcentury Europe, wom
12、en used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy. Men would wear woollen shawls across their shoulders. It is hard to imagine that they would be seen as attractive in the 21st century. Nowadays, in the Western world, one in every ten people has a tattoo or a form
13、of body art. In the past, some cultures used tattoos as an addition to costumes, to show family associations or to mark criminals so that they could easily be recognised.Margaret Wolfe Hungerford玛格丽特沃尔夫亨格福特(18551897)，19世纪浪漫主义小说家。in the eye of在眼里；在看来Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。behold
14、er/bhld/n. 观看者consistent/knsstnt/adj. 一致的，始终如一的on prep. 关于本句为主从复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。adapt vi. & vt. 适应(新情况)adapt (oneself) to 适应在“it is reasonable that.”中，it 为形式主语，that 从句为真正的主语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事corset/kst/n. 紧身胸衣no longernot.any longer不再be considered (to be/as)n./adj. 被认为(是)句中that引导的定
15、语从句修饰先行词a body shape, that在从句中作主语，从句中含有“be consideredadj.”结构，形容词healthy用作主语补足语；不定式短语“to achieve a body shape”在主句中作目的状语。woollen/wln/adj. 羊毛制的shawl/l/n. 披肩，围巾see.as.把视作/看作，其被动形式为be seen as; It在句中为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to imagine that.”， that引导的从句作imagine的宾语。one in every ten people十个人中就有一个，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
16、。tattoo/ttu/n. 文身use.as.把用作recognise vt. 辨别出；承认；认可句中or连接的两个不定式短语“to show family associations”和“to mark criminals”并列作目的状语；so that引导目的状语从句。情人眼里出西施第12段译文1878年，当玛格丽特沃尔夫亨格福特写到“情人眼里出西施”时，她要表达的是，人们对于美没有一致的观点。美的标准随着时代和文化群体的不同而变化。正如社会本身，传统和时尚是在变化的，是与时代同步的。因此我们的审美观会变化也是理所当然的。19世纪的欧洲，妇女们常常穿着紧身胸衣以达到一种今天已经不再被认为是
17、健康的体形，男人们常常在肩膀上围上羊毛披肩。而在21世纪的今天，很难想象这样的穿着会具有吸引力。现在，西方国家每十个人中就有一个人有纹身或一种人体艺术形式。而在过去，一些文化用纹身作为服装的点缀，以此表现家庭联系，或者给罪犯打印记以易于分辨。第3段译文在当代社会，文化仍然是决定我们审美观的重要因素。在有些国家，年轻女子为准备她们的婚礼而采用瘦身饮食法，以减去身上多余的脂肪。而在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来丈夫眼中显得苗条，而身材略微丰满才被认为更加迷人。第4段译文受历史、社会和文化的影响，没有精确的衡量标准用来评判什么是美。人们毕生的责任，甚至社会自身的存亡都取决于人们对美的不同层面和深度的
18、认识。如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。第56段译文外在美一定要靠一个人的内在魅力来强化。这种特殊的魅力存在于不同的个性特征中，例如，仁慈、热心、健康的良知等。判断一个人的内在美是否有感染力是相当主观的。它(内在美)不是随意一瞥就能欣赏到的，而且远比外在美重要得多。因此，美是多维的。受文化、生理和历史时期的制约，我们能够快速地、轻而易举地看到外在的美，但其实内在美才是真正需要我们去注意的。真是情人眼里出西施。课文理解Task One：Fast Reading.Skim the text and finish the following question.What is t
19、he main idea of the text?The main idea of the passage is that beauty_is_in_the_eye_of_the_beholder.Judge the following statements True (T) or False (F)1In 19thcentury Europe, women would wear woollen shawls across their shoulders.(F)2Nowadays, tattoos are used to mark criminals.(F)3In some countries
20、, young women follow slimming diets to lose extra kilos to prepare for their wedding day.(T)4Margaret Wolfe believed that the standard of beauty always keeps the same.(F)5Looking slim is considered more attractive in some cultures.(T)Task Two：Careful ReadingRead the text and choose the best answer.1
21、Why did the women in the 19th century enjoy corsets?ATo keep healthy.BTo show their beautiful body shape.CTo save money.DTo offer food to men.答案：B2People in different cultures _.Ahave different ideas about slimming beautyBhave the same ideas about slimming beautyCall like the fat body shapeDare all
22、fond of slimming答案：A3What does the third paragraph of this passage mainly discuss?AContemporary culture all over the world.BThe relationship between culture and society.CHow society affects opinions about beauty.DHow culture affects opinions about beauty.答案：D4Which of the following is TRUE according
23、 to this passage?ATraditions dont affect peoples judgement on beauty.BDifferent people should have consistent views on beauty.CThere are no precise criteria for judging what is beauty.DPeoples attitudes toward beauty dont affect the survival of society.答案：C5What can be used to judge beauty?ATraditio
24、n, fashion and culture.BAppearance, kindness and warmth.CBiology and time.DAction and speech.答案：ATask Three：MicrowritingRead the text carefully and fill in the blanks.Standards of beauty change across time and cultural groups. What used to be considered beautiful may not be seen as _1_ (attract) in
25、the 21st century. In some countries, young women follow slimming diets_2_ (lose) extra kilos in preparation for their wedding day. In other cultures, looking thin for a husbandtobe is not_3_ a woman desires at all.There are no precise criteria_4_ can be used to judge what is beautiful. Lifelong comm
26、itment and, indeed, the_5_ (survive) of society itself rely on people seeing beauty in difference and depth. The human race_6_ (die) out soon if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction_7_ something deeper within a person. Th
27、is particular kind of attraction includes a wide range of personal_8_(quality), eg.kindness, warmth, a healthy conscience, etc._9_takes more than a casual glance to appreciate a persons inner beauty and it is much more important than physical beauty. After all, it is inner beauty_10_ requires us to
28、truly see.Beauty is certainly in the eye of the beholder.1attractive 2.to_lose 3.what 4.which/that 5.survival 6would_die 7.to 8.qualities 9.It 10.that 1 (教材P33) And when the sun sets behind the bridge, it leaves me breathless.当太阳从大桥后面落下的时候，它(美得)让我无法呼吸。(1)breath n呼吸 喘不过气来hold ones breath 屏住呼吸take/dra
29、w a deep breath深吸一口气take/draw breath 歇口气(2)breathe v. 呼吸即学即用(1)I can only climb at a walking pace, or I will get quite breathless.我只能慢慢地爬，要不然我会喘不过气来。(2)I was completely out of breath when I got to the top of the mountain.当我到达山顶时，我已经上气不接下气了。(3)单句语法填空At high altitudes it is difficult to_breathe (breat
30、h)The children are breathless (breath) as they watch the tightrope act.If breathed (breath) in, the poisonous gases can result in illness or even death.2 (教材P33) For me, shes superior. I really adore her.我认为她卓尔不群。我真的很喜欢她。(1)be superior in在方面优秀be superior to 优于；胜过(2)superiority n. 优越，优越感(3)inferior a
31、dj. 较差的，次的，比不上be inferior to 比差/次即学即用(1)Of the two books, I think this one is superior to that one.就这两本书而言，我认为这本比那本好。(2)He works in a company that supplies superior wines to the restaurant trade.他在一家为餐饮业提供上等葡萄酒的公司里工作。(3)单句语法填空Tsinghua University and Beijing University are clearly superior to other u
32、niversities in China.This computer is superior in many aspects to that one.3 consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的；持续的，连续的(教材P34) She was stating that there was no consistent view on beauty.她要表达的是，人们对于美没有一致的观点。(1)be consistent with与相一致或吻合be consistent in 在方面保持一致性(2)consist vi. 由组成，相符consist of (be made up of) 由
33、组成consist in (lie in) 在于consist with 与相符即学即用(1)If what you say is not consistent with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children.如果你言行不一，将对孩子有不好的影响。(2)Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.成功在于经历失败而继续努力的能力。(3)单句语法填空The medical team consists of 2 doctors an
34、d 10 nurses.He is not consistent in his statement. He must be lying.The beauty of his picture consists in its balance of colors.The information consists with what is said in the newspaper. slim vi. & adj. (通过节食、加强运动等)减肥；苗条的；(机会等)微小的(教材P34) In some countries, young women follow slimming diets to lose
35、 extra kilos in preparation for their wedding day.在有些国家，年轻女性会节食减掉多余的脂肪为婚礼做准备。keep/remain/stay slim保持苗条tall and slim 瘦高的即学即用(1)Im going to start slimming after Christmas.我准备过了圣诞节就开始减肥。(2)Shes got a lovely slim figure.她有一副迷人的苗条身材。(3)There is a_slim_chance (that) someone may have survived.有人幸存下来的可能性极小。
36、(4)Taking exercise is one way of keeping_slim.锻炼是保持苗条的一种方法。5 (教材P34) Lifelong commitment and, indeed, the survival of society itself rely on people seeing beauty in difference and depth.人们毕生的责任，甚至社会自身的存亡都取决于人们对美的不同层面和深度的认识。(1)make a commitment (to.) (对)做出承诺carry out ones commitment 履行承诺commitment to
37、 do sth. 承诺做某事(2)commit vt. 做出；犯罪；承诺，保证 vi. 忠于，全心全意投入commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己承诺 (做)某事；献身于 (做)某事commit a crime/mistake/suicide 犯罪/犯错/自杀(3)committed adj. 坚定的，尽心尽力的be committed to (doing) sth. 支持/献身于(做)某事即学即用(1)The Chinese Dream is our commitment to the future.中国梦是我们对未来的承诺。(2)Our count
38、ry made a commitment to paying $50,000 to Red Cross.我们国家承诺向红十字会提供50 000美元。(3)He committed the crime when he was drunk.他喝醉时犯下此罪。(4)单句语法填空She doesnt want to make a big emotional commitment (commit) to Steve.The development area is committed to creating (create) a perfect investment environment.I have
39、committed myself (me) to the cause of education.The contract commits him to playing (play) for the team for the next three years.The local government has committed large amounts of money to housing projects.6 (教材P34) Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction to something deeper withi
40、n a person.外在美也一定要靠一个人的内在魅力来强化。(1)be accompanied by由陪伴accompany sb.to(介词). 陪同某人到accompany sb.at/on sth. (用某物/乐器)给某人伴奏(2)company n. 陪伴；剧团；公司in the company of sb. 在某人的陪同下keep pany 给某人做伴(3)companion n. 伙伴即学即用(1)If Im free, Ill accompany you to the supermarket.如果我有空，我将陪你去超市。(2)She is singing and her sis
41、ter is accompanying her at the piano.她在唱歌，她姐姐在用钢琴给她伴奏。(3)单句语法填空A friend of mine asked me to accompany her to that same old place.Children under 14 must be_accompanied (accompany) by an adult.Ill get Bill to accompany me on/at the piano when I sing a song at the school concert.7 (教材P34) This particul
42、ar kind of attraction is found in a wide range of personal qualities, eg.kindness, warmth, a healthy conscience, etc.这种特殊的魅力存在于不同的个性特征中，例如，仁慈、热心、健康的良知等。(1)range n排，行；山脉；范围；行列；射程v. 排列；整理；在范围内变化a (wide/broad/whole/full) range of 一系列的；一套的；各种各样的in/within range of 在范围内，在射程内out of/beyond range of 在射程外，超出的
43、范围(2)range between.and. 在之间变化range from.to. 从变化到即学即用(1)Your blood pressure is well within the normal range.你的血压在正常的范围之内。(2)We have a range of mens shirts on special offer.我们有男士系列衬衫，价格特别优惠。(3)There are two hundred boys ranging_from seven to fourteen in age.有200个男孩，他们的年龄从七岁到十四岁不等。(4)The hotel offers a
44、_wide_range_of facilities and services.该宾馆提供一系列设施和服务。(5)The price of the house is well beyond/out_of_our_range.这所房子的价格远远超出我们所能承受的范围。8 (教材P35) He used to be a general in command of the army, but now he is a doorkeeper.他曾经是指挥部队的将军，但是现在他是个守门人。(1)under ones command由指挥in command of 指挥，控制have a good comma
45、nd/knowledge of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)take/have command of 控制(2)command sb.to do. 命令某人做command that.(should) do 命令即学即用(1)He runs a small company and has twenty men under his command.他经营着一家小公司，手底下指挥着二十人。(2)He has a good command of French, therefore, he was hired by the company.他精通法语，因此，他被这个公司录用了。(3)The commande
46、r commanded that the troops (should) attack at once.指挥官命令军队立即进攻。(4)单句语法填空The woman doctor commanded that no one (should) be_allowed (allow) to give up the patient though he was hopeless.The captain commanded his men to_gather (gather) immediately.I have such a good command of English that I am elect
47、ed as assistant to my English teacher.The army is under the kings direct command.9 (教材P33)For me, shes superior. I really adore her.我认为她卓尔不群。我真的很喜欢她。(1)adore vt. 非常喜欢，深爱；敬重adore sth./sb.for. 因而喜欢某物/人adore doing sth. 喜欢做某事(不跟不定式，也不用于进行时态)(2)adorable adj. 可爱的，讨人喜欢的即学即用(1)He adores playing football in
48、his spare time.他非常喜欢在业余时间踢足球。(2)The students adore Miss Li for her teaching well.学生们因为李老师教学教得好而敬重她。(3)单句语法填空He adores his daughter so much that he adores buying (buy) her expensive toys.This little baby is really adorable (adore)这个小婴儿真是可爱极了。1 (教材P34) In some countries, young women follow slimming di
49、ets to lose extra kilos in preparation for their wedding day.在有些国家，年轻女子为准备她们的婚礼而采用瘦身饮食法，以减去身上多余的脂肪。(1)make preparations for为做准备(2)prepare v. 准备prepare sth.for 为准备某物prepare to do sth. 准备做某事(3)be prepared for./to do. 准备好/准备做即学即用(1)Justin had opened several bottles of wine in preparation for the party.
50、贾斯汀已开了好几瓶葡萄酒为聚会做准备。(2)I have to make preparations for the coming exam at present.现在我得为即将到来的考试做准备。(3)单句语法填空He sharpened his knife in preparation (prepare) for cutting the meat.Taking out a piece of paper, he prepared to_write (write) to her.2 (教材P34) The human race would soon die out if we could only
51、 see beauty within a set of limited criteria.假如我们只用一套有限的衡量标准来评判美，人类不久将灭绝。die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死die away (声音、光线等)渐弱，渐息die down (火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息； (声音)静下来die of 死于(指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等)die from 死于(指由于外伤、粗心、不注意、劳累过 度等外部原因而死)die for (为事业、真理、国家等)献身die with 随着(某人的死)丧失，消失be dying for 渴望即学即用(1)As is kno
52、wn to us, many old customs are gradually dying out.我们都知道，许多旧习俗正在日渐消失。(2)The sound of the car died_away in the distance.那辆汽车的声音消失在远处。(3)You should die_of shame to leave me here alone and helpless!你真该羞死！把我一个人丢在这里，无依无靠的！(4)I am_dying_for a cup of coffee.我真想喝一杯咖啡。(5)As he grew older, his relatives all d
53、ied_off.随着他年龄的增长，他的亲人都一个一个地死去了。3 (教材P34) Lifelong commitment and, indeed, the survival of society itself rely on people seeing beauty in difference and depth.人们毕生的责任，甚至社会自身的存亡都取决于人们对美的不同层面和深度的认识。rely on sb.to do sth.依赖某人做某事rely on sb.for sth. 依靠某人某事rely on doing sth. 依靠/指望做某事rely on it that. 指望即学即用(
54、1)Dont rely on him to do anything. He just a talker.什么事都不要依靠他，他只会说空话。(2)In todays world, we rely on computers as never before.在当今世界，我们前所未有地依赖电脑。(3)You should rely on yourself and dont rely on others for help.你应该靠自己，不要依靠别人的帮助。(4)单句语法填空You cant just rely on your parents to_lend (lend) you the money.My
55、 parents rely on it that I can deal with the matter.Dont rely on going (go) abroad for our holiday; we may not be able to afford it.We cant rely solely on the television for news.(教材P34) Traditions and fashions, like society itself, change and adapt with time, so it is reasonable that our ideas of b
56、eauty change as well.正如社会本身，传统和时尚是在变化的，是与时代同步的，因此，我们的审美观也在改变是理所当然的。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，通常把真正的主语放在句尾，而在句首使用形式主语it。it常用作形式主语，代替不定式和主语从句的结构：(1)It isadj. (hard/important/impossible/proper etc.) to do.(2)It is said/reported/believed/suggested/wellknown that.
57、(3)It is a pity/fact/wonder/shame/surprise that.(4)It is reasonable/clear/strange/obvious/true/possible/certain that.即学即用(1)Its true that we dont know what weve got until we lose it, but its also true that we dont know what weve been missing until it arrives.的确只有当我们失去时才知道曾拥有的是什么，同样，只有当我们拥有了才知道曾经失去了什
58、么。(2)It is important for us to learn a foreign language well.对我们来说学好一门外语是很重要的。(3)It_was_strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting.很奇怪，他竟然缺席了这样一个重要的会议。(4)It_is_a_waste_of_time watering the garden when it is raining.下雨天给花园浇水真是浪费时间。(5)It_is_well_known_that professional spor
59、ts are popular in the United States.众所周知，职业体育运动在美国非常受欢迎。(教材P34)In other cultures，looking thin for a husbandtobe is not what a woman desires at allrather，looking a little overweight is considered more attractive.,而在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来丈夫眼中显得苗条，而身材略微丰满才被认为更加迷人。本句中，what引导表语从句，且在从句中充当desire的宾语。what除了可以引导表语从句
60、外，还可引导其他名词性从句：主语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句。what在引导表语从句、宾语从句、主语从句以及同位语从句这些名词性从句时，除了用作引导词，还要在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，若从句结构完整，意义明确，引导词应用that。即学即用(1)This is exactly what reading should be.这恰恰是阅读应该做的。(2)I was lost in admiration for what she had achieved in literature.我对她在文学上获得的成就钦佩不已。(3)单句语法填空She is no longer what she used to b
61、e.What I should do next weekend is to clean the room.(教材P34) It takes more than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much more important than physical beauty.,内在的美并不仅仅是随便看一眼就能欣赏的，它比外在美更重要。句中more than意为“不仅仅，不只是”，其后接名词。more than的其他用法：(1)more than形容词，意为“非常”。(2)more than数词，意为“多于，大于”。no more than仅仅；只是
62、not more than至多，不超过more.than.与其说是(后者)倒不如说是(前者)即学即用(1)His report lasted more than three hours.他的报告持续了三个多小时。(2)The beauty of our city is more than I can describe.我难以用言语描绘我们城市的美。(3)I will be more_than_glad if you can go together with me.如果你能和我一起去，我会很高兴。(4)Hearing the news, Tom was more surprised than d
63、isappointed.听到这个消息，与其说汤姆是失望，倒不如说是惊讶。.单句语法填空1The text is_accompanied (accompany) by illustration, so its not difficult to understand it.2The company that consists of 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.3I adore Zhou Qi for his playing well in the basketball game.4The national park
64、 has a large collection of wildlife, ranging (range) from butterflies to elephants.5Preparations (prepare) for the upcoming Olympic Games are nearing completion.6He made a commitment (commit) to pay the rent on time.7Dont rely on his memoryhes a bit of a dreamer.8The officer commanded the people (sh
65、ould)_leave (leave) the building at once.9The boy was completely breathless (breath) when he reached the finishing line.10With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earths species are dying out.完成句子1The 21st Century is more_than_a_newspaper;_it is also a helpful textbook to th
66、e students.二十一世纪英文报不仅仅是报刊；对学生来说，它还是有用的教科书。2It_is_obvious_that China can make a difference in the world today and tomorrow.很明显，在今天甚至以后，中国将在世界上发挥影响力。3His action is always consistent_with his words.他始终言行一致。4Only when you have_a_good_command_of vocabulary will reading no longer be your obstacle.只有当你掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不再是你的障碍。5This model of 4G mobile phone is far superior_to any others.这款4G手机比其他的强多了。6What_attracts_tourists_most is the spectacular view of sunrise on the top of the mountain.(主语从句)最吸引游客的是山顶上壮丽的日出景色。