1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Unit 5 Languages Around the WorldDiscovering Useful Structures学习目标掌握本节生词及句型表达与运用。词汇练习1、struggle n. 难事，斗争，努力vi. 奋斗，努力，挣扎固定搭配：struggle for/to do 努力争取/做struggle with 同搏斗struggle2、tonguen. 舌头，语言固定搭配：put/stick out ones tongue 伸出舌头onemother/native language 母语a sharp tongue 说话尖刻on the tip o
2、f ones tongue话到嘴边;差点说出3、give up 放弃，认输4、point of view观点，看法语法指导定语从句()关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why或“介词which”。关系副词的作用如下：1指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。2在从句中充当句子成分状语，即在从句中起副词的作用。3起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。一、关系副词引导定语从句when引导定语从句when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time, day, year,
3、month, week等。2where引导定语从句where表示地点,代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语，其先行词往往是具体地点place, room, mountain, airport或抽象地点的名词如case, state, condition, point, situation等。3why引导定语从句的用法why表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中做原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。二、关系代词与关系副词的选用定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断：用法依据根据从句的谓语动词是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词根据先行词在从句
4、中所作的成分把先行词代入定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词This is the factorywherehe used to work.这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词)This is the factory(that/which)I visited last year.这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)Is this the museum(that/which)you visited a few days ago?这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少宾语)Is this the museumwherethe exhibiti
5、on was held?这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少地点状语)三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词“代替。（1）when可以换成“介词which”。I still remember the timewhen_(in_which)I was in college.我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。I have forgotten the exact datewhen_(on_which)this country became independent.我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。(2)where可以换成“
6、介词which”。This is the hotelwhere_(in_which)they stayed.这就是他们待过的旅馆。(3)why可以用for which来代替。This is the reasonwhy_(for_which)he left in a hurry.这是他匆匆的原因。1、介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来确定。三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。2、介词可以后移，此时关系代词可以忽略。3、名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。练习Cal
7、ifornia,_1_ official nick-name is the Golden State, is one of the fastest growing states in the United States. The first people 2 explored and settled in California were the Spaniards,3gave Spanish names to its two great cities, LosAngeles and San Francisco. 1849 was the year 4 Americans came and so
8、 was it the time 5 goldwas discovered.The reason 6 the men 7 made movies came to California was 8 the weatherhere is fine. The sun allowed them to take pictures outdoorsnearly every day in the year. Hollywood, 9 liesin the northwestern part of the city of Los Angeles, becamethe movie capital of the world. When oil was discovered,people came to work in the oil field. World War II was the period 10 many large airplane factories werebuilt in California.答案：1. whose2. that3. who4. when5. when6. why7. who8. that9. which10. when- 4 - 版权所有高考资源网
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