1、课时作业15The Violence of Nature.完形填空A heavy snow hit my neighborhood the other day. I had recently agreed to be the houses groundskeeper, which meant I was _1_ with shoveling (铲) the inches of snow that covered the driveway.I had to stay in the house during the _2_， so I was actually pretty happy to he
2、ad _3_. After shoveling for about an hour, muscles in my arms and legs which I _4_ used due to my busy schedules started to burn. By the time I finished shoveling, I realized that I gained nearly the same amount of _5_ that I can get from biking. Shoveling turned out to be pretty good exercise, so I
3、 actually felt _6_ to finish shoveling.A few days later, a few friends and I got into a casual _7_ about how hard it is to spare time to exercise _8_. There are lots of people who dislike gyms. Going to gyms _9_ them a lot. Less than 5% of adults are physically _10_ for half an hour a day, which is
4、quite a big problem. Not exercising enough can _11_ diseases like heart disease, bone disease, and depression.And yet, compared with going to gyms, shoveling snow was quite _12_. Besides, it didnt take too much willpower (意志力) and I just needed to _13_ the driveway at my own pace. I can just do some
5、 daily chores like shoveling for exercise in the neighborhood in my spare time, _14_ driving to a gym.People pay much money for gym memberships and classes to _15_ extra energy. So why not _16_ paying the fitness industry to exercise and _17_ physical fitness with such kind of daily chores? Surely,
6、theyre better off _18_ that money and putting the energy to practical use.A neighborhood can have a Facebook group where people in need of help can _19_ things on it. Then, people who want to exercise can help them out. Its a winwin situation. In addition to helping people, this can also be shaped a
7、s a new _20_ to keep fit.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历得出这样的观点：与其花钱在健身房锻炼，倒不如将日常杂务与锻炼相结合，既帮助了他人也锻炼了自己的身体。1A.botheredBimpressedCtaskedDcrowded答案：C解析：根据上文的I had recently agreed to be the houses groundskeeper可知，作者肩负着铲除车道上数英寸积雪的任务。2A.incident Bchaos Crush Dstorm答案：D解析：根据上文的A heavy snow hit my neighborhood the oth
8、er day及inches of snow可知，作者在暴雪期间不得不待在家里。3A.outside Binside Cforward Dbackward答案：A解析：根据上下文语境可知，大雪期间作者不得不待在家里，其实他很高兴能够走出屋外铲雪。4A.roughly Brarely Cconstantly Dfrequently答案：B解析：根据下文的due to my busy schedules可知，作者日程繁忙很少锻炼身体。5A.sympathy Bworkout Cthreat Dpower答案：B解析：根据上下文语境可知，铲完雪后，作者意识到自己得到了跟骑自行车一样的锻炼量。6A.pl
9、eased Beager Cwilling Dsorry答案：D解析：根据上文的Shoveling turned out to be pretty good exercise可知，铲雪是很好的锻炼，因此作者不忍就此结束。7A.interview BarrangementCdiscussion Dconsultation答案：C解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者和朋友一起就锻炼进行讨论。8A.accidentally Bproperly Csafely Dregularly答案：D解析：根据上下文语境可知，因繁忙的工作，定期去健身房是很难实现的。9A.annoys Bshames Ccomforts
10、 Ddelights答案：A解析：根据上文的There are lots of people who dislike gyms可知，去健身房锻炼让他们烦恼。10A.strong Bhealthy Cflexible Dactive答案：D解析：根据下文的which is quite a big problem可知，不到5%的成年人每天会锻炼半小时。11A.bring about Bbring down Cbring back Dbring off答案：A解析：根据上文的not exercising及下文的diseases like heart disease, bone disease, an
11、d depression可知，不锻炼会引发多种疾病。12A.difficult Beasy Cvaluable Dperfect答案：B解析：根据上下文语境可知，和去健身房相比较，铲雪是一件非常容易的事情。13A.clear Bprepare Cbuild Ddesign答案：A解析：根据上文的shoveling the inches of snow that covered the driveway可知，作者铲掉车道上的雪，从而清理车道。14A.because of Binstead ofCin spite of Din consequence of答案：B解析：根据上文的I can jus
12、t do some daily chores like shoveling for exercise in the neighborhood可知，作者在家附近通过做日常杂务(比如铲雪)就可以得到锻炼，而不用驱车去健身房。15A.improve Bkeep Cconsume Dwaste答案：C解析：根据上下文语境可知，为了消耗多余的能量，人们花费很多钱办理健身房的会员或参加课程。16A.continue Bdelay Cstop Dconsider答案：C解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者发问：那么，为什么不停止给健身行业贡献金钱？17A.conclude Bcombine Cexchange D
13、match答案：B解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者发问：为什么不将身体锻炼和日常杂务相结合呢？18A.saving Bcollecting Cdonating Dspending答案：A解析：根据上文的People pay much money for gym memberships and classes及why not.可知，日常杂务能够使我们省去健身房的那部分花费，并且使我们将能量花费在一些实事上。19A.imagine Bpredict Cpost Dcorrect答案：C解析：根据上下文语境可知，街坊邻里可以建一个Facebook群，寻求帮助的人可以在群里发布求助信息。20A.expe
14、riment Bskill Cstandard Dstyle答案：D解析：根据上文的Its a winwin situation. In addition to helping people可知，这样的锻炼不仅仅能够帮助他人，也可形成为一种新的锻炼类型。.七选五Society tells us that you cant teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesnt have to be that way. A new study published in Human Development points out that using a proper
15、approach to learning can help people of any age take on and rise to new challenges. _1_Venture outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skills day in and day out: We take jobs in the fields were already good at, drive the same routes to the same places, and fall into routines wer
16、e comfortable with. _2_ Switching to something more challenging may have more cognitive benefits._3_ A fear of making mistakes is another reason why adults are so slow to learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lose money, or get fired. Thats why its important to build up a supp
17、ort network of peopleat work and at homewho allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.Make a serious commitment and dont give up. _4_ If you can afford it, spending money on a new pursuitfor example, booking a trip to Rome to practice your Italianmight also make it harder to throw in the towel.
18、Learn more than one thing at once. We tend to zero in on one hobby or one skill. But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will stretch your brain in all different directions. _5_ For example, maybe you started learning a new language in 2018, and this year you add singing lessons,
19、and next year you try something else. You can add things gradually based on what you can handle.ATurn to your friends and family.BThe following strategies will do the trick.CSurround yourself with encouraging people.DTelling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.EBut all this famil
20、iarity limits the parts of the brain were using regularly.FThat doesnt mean you should start all the new challenges all at once, though.GSo feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happier and more productive.本文主要介绍了几个迎接新的挑战的策略。1B解析：文章第二至第五段分别给出了迎接挑战的策略。由此可知，该空承上启下，故选B。2E解析：根据空前一句可知，我们倾向于日
21、复一日地用相似的技能：从事我们擅长的领域的工作，开车走相同的路线，去相同的地方，做我们觉得舒服的事；结合空后的“Switching to something more challenging”可推知，这种熟悉限制了我们正在经常使用的大脑的部分。故选E。3C解析：空处为本段的主题句，通读本段可知，本段讲述的是寻找支持你的人的重要性，故C项符合语境。4D解析：根据该空前一句可知，做出一个严肃的承诺并且不放弃；由此可推知，空处应是表明向谁承诺以及承诺做出后的作用。故D项符合语境。5F解析：根据本段首句可知，一次可以多学点东西；空后一句是说，比如，你可能在2018年开始学一门新的语言，今年你添加了歌唱
22、课，下一年你尝试其他的东西；由此可知，F项“但是这并不意味着你应该一次性开始所有新的挑战”符合语境。.短文改错Dear Amanda，Hearing that you are going to study in Shanghai University as an exchange student the day after tomorrow, I am very sorry that I cant pick you at the Pudong Airport. It is at that time when I will have to participate in a spoken Engl
23、ish competition holding in Nanjing University, for I was champion in our university competition. However, I have no choice but to change my plan and cannot make my present on your arrival. In the way, you can take a taxi to your university directly.Once again, I sincere hope that you could receive m
24、y apology. Wish you a good luck on your journey!Faithfully yours，Li Hua答案.书面表达假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Michael对中国文化很感兴趣。他听说中国人很重视家风传承，在给你的电子邮件中提出想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。请你给他回复一封邮件。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：家风family traditionDear Michael，How_is_everything_going?_Im_glad_to_know_that_you_are_interested_in_Chin
25、ese_culture_and_that_you_want_to_know_something_about_my_family_tradition._My_grandparents_and_parents_always_lay_emphasis_on_the_importance_of_honesty,_bravery,_perseverance_and_diligence._And_most_importantly,_they_have_set_good_examples_to_me._My_family_tradition_has_a_profound_influence_on_me,_and_thus_I_always_follow_what_it_has_taught_me._Besides,_I_am_always_positive_and_never_stop_chasing_my_goal_whenever_I_run_into_difficulties.By_the_way,_I_sincerely_invite_you_to_come_to_China_and_stay_in_my_home_for_some_time_to_experience_more_Chinese_culture_by_yourself.Yours，Li Hua