1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Module 6Old and New(主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化)基础知识全面回顾JI CHU ZHI SHI QUAN MIAN HUI GU 单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1ridiculous adj._荒唐的；可笑的_2enormous adj._巨大的；庞大的_3crash vt._(飞机)失事；坠毁_4relic n._(历史的)遗迹；遗物_核心词汇识记1_date_vi.始于(某一历史时期)2_remove_vt.迁移；搬迁3_engineering_n.(土木)工程_engineer_n.工程师4_accommodate_vt.容纳(乘客等)
2、_accommodation_n.住处；办公处；场所5_construction_n.建造；建设；建筑_construct_vt.建造；建设6_historical_adj.历史的；有关历史的_historic_adj.具有历史意义的_history_n.历史7_narrow_adj.狭窄的v.变窄_narrowly_adv.狭窄地；勉强地8_poem_n.诗；诗歌_poet_n.诗人9_global_adj.全球的_globe_n.地球；地球仪10_freezing_adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的_frozen_adj.凝固的；冻僵的_freeze_v.使凝固11_foggy_adj.有浓雾的_f
3、og_n.雾用所给词的适当形式填空1. Johnson is a famous_poet_ and most of his _poems_ are based on real life.(poem)2. Its said that_fog_ is harmful to our health，so we should wear masks on _foggy_ days.(fog)3. The speaker stressed that for all the countries across the_globe_，the problem of _global_ warming should b
4、e paid special attention to.(global)4. The reason why I was very unsatisfied is that I was_accommodated_ in the village for the first time that was small and desperately in need of proper _accommodation_.(accommodate)5. It is_freezing_ outside now，and more snow is falling on already _frozen_ streets
5、.(freeze)6. My car finally came to a_narrow_ road，some part of which _narrowed_ to only 5 meters in width. At the moment，another car ran in our direction. It was running so fast that it _narrowly_ missed hitting mine. How dangerous it was! (narrow)7. It took them two years to_construct_ the bridge a
6、nd the _construction_ was excellent.(construct) 短语互译速记1起源于_date from_2阻止_hold back_3(梦想等)变成现实_come true_4有意义；有道理_make sense_5of great importance_很重要_6dream of_梦想_7now that_既然_8bring an end to_结束；终止_选用上述短语填空1They _brought an end to _the meeting after three hours without reaching any agreement yesterd
7、ay afternoon.2This kind of tradition _dating from _Tang Dynasty is replaced by a new life style with the development of society.3I dont think it _makes sense_ to buy that expensive coat when those cheaper ones are just as good.4I am excited to have my own house now，for I never think my dream could _
8、come true _so soon.5The man tried to _hold back _his anger when he knew he met unfair treatment，but in vain.6I have _dreamt of _becoming a responsible English teacher like my father since I was a child.1“v.n.”构成合成名词一览(1)watchtower n望台(2)playground n操场(3)pickpocket n扒手(4)copyright n版权2“v.-al”名词扫描(1)r
9、emoveremoval移动(2)arrivearrival到达(3)survivesurvival幸存(4)approveapproval赞成(5)reviverevival复兴3“看”过来(1)observe v观察(2)watch v观看；注视(3)notice v注意到(4)see v看到；看见(5)look v看4表示天气情况的常见词(1)foggy adj.有浓雾的(2)rainy adj.下雨的(3)snowy adj.下雪的(4)cloudy adj.多云的(5)windy adj.有风的5“dream”短语汇总(1)dream of/about doing梦想做(2)have
10、 a dream做了个梦(3)dream a.dream做了个的梦(4)realize ones dream实现某人的梦想(5)beyond ones wildest dreams做梦也想不到6各种“拜访”(1)pay a visit to拜访(2)be on a visit to正对进行访问(3)call on sb.拜访某人(4)call at sp.拜访某地(5)drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人(6)drop in at sp.顺便拜访某地 佳句精析精练1It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.它(香港国际机场)花费了
11、6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。精析it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.为真正的主语。2Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?既然这些遗迹都已被淹没， 还有可能再看到他们吗？精析Is it possible to do.？“做有可能吗？”3Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？精析do you think/believe/know/sugges
12、t.在句中可作插入语。句式仿写根据上述句式完成句子1走到火车站用了(我)十分钟。It _took me_ ten minutes to walk to the railway station.2现在乘坐宇宙飞船到月球是有可能的了。Now _it is possible to_ fly to the moon in a spaceship.3你知道谁获得了今年的贝诺尔文学奖吗？Who _do you know_ has won the Nobel Prize for literature this year? 单元语法过关非限制性定语从句语法填空1The new computer，_which_
13、 he loves a lot，breaks down frequently.解析空处引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作loves的宾语，因此用which。2The air quality in our city，_as_ is shown in the chart，has declined over the last three months.解析句意：就像图表中显示的那样，我们城市的空气质量在过去的三个月中有所下降。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，且从句位于主语与谓语之间，应用as引导。3The world-famous director，three of _whose_ mo
14、vies won Oscar Awards，is reported to have retired.解析空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world-famous director，而且根据句意，后面应该表示的是“他的三部电影”，因此用关系代词whose作定语。4The children，all of _whom_ had played the whole day long，were worn out.解析句意：这些玩了一天的孩子们累坏了。先行词为children，指人，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故用whom。5Her son was accused of cheating by the polic
15、e，_which_ made it difficult for her to go to sleep.解析考查定语从句。句意：她的儿子被警察指控犯了诈骗罪，这使她睡不着觉。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容。考点探究素养演练KAO DIAN TAN JIU SU YANG YAN LIAN高频单词1date vi.始于(某一历史时期)vt.确定的年代；注明日期于n日期；约会激活知识 语法填空Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments _dating_(date)back over 5,0
16、00 years.(天津高考)The dictionary is _out_ of date：many words have been added to the language since it was published.归纳拓展(1)date back to/from 始于；追溯到(2)up to date 现代的；最新式的out of date 过期的；过时的；不再流行的to date up to now 迄今为止；到目前为止have a date with sb. 与某人约会set/fix a date for. 确定的日期提示：(1)date back to/from常指以现在的时
17、间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。(2)当date back to/from用作定语时，要用现在分词作定语。能力提升 句式升级The temple has a long history. It dates back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.The temple _which dates back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty_has a long history. (定语从句)The temple _dating back t
18、o the early period of the Tang Dynasty_has a long history.(现在分词短语作定语)2accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)；使适应；向提供vi.适应激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义 (2020天津高考)Your library might be able to accommodate you.(_使适应_)The hotel can accommodate 500 tourists.(_容纳_)The bank will accommodate him with a loan.(_提供_)导图助记能力提升 语法填空We c
19、an provide _accommodation_ (accommodate) for six people at a push.Her eyes took a while to accommodate _to_ the darkness.3narrow adj. 狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v(使)变窄；缩小激活知识 语法填空To their relief，their students _narrowly_(narrow)escaped from the shaking building.There are easy ways to narrow _down_ your choice.She h
20、ad _a_ narrow escape from the serious disease.归纳拓展(1)a narrow escape 九死一生narrow victory/defeat 险胜/勉强击败(2)narrow down 缩小的范围narrow.to. 把局限在之间(3)narrowly adv.勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地能力提升 完成句子A woman had a _narrow escape_ yesterday when her car left the road.昨天一位女士的车偏离了公路，九死一生。How to _narrow the income gaps_ betwee
21、n the poor and the rich is a big problem.如何缩小穷人和富人之间的收入差距是一个很大的问题。4remove v. 迁移； 搬迁；移开；搬开；除去；开除n. 移动；升级激活知识 语法填空(2019江苏高考)What has led many governments _to remove_ (remove) necessary regulations?(2017全国卷)When fat and salt _are removed_ (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something
22、.The boy was removed _from_ school for fighting.Our office has removed from Beijing _to_ Shanghai.归纳拓展remove.from. 把从移开remove from. to. 从搬到be removed from school 被开除；被勒令退学易混辨析 removeremove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。remove还有“开除；除去”的含义movemove强调位置和姿态的改变。表示“迁居”时，两者均可用图解助记能力提升 句式升级The boy was
23、 removed from the school football team and he felt very sad._Removed from the school football team_，he felt very sad.(过去分词短语作状语)常考短语5hold back 阻止；妨碍；抑制(情感等)；隐瞒激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义(2020新全国卷) If an overweight person is having a large portion，Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating
24、 habits. (_忍住，控制住_)The police had to use force to hold back the crowd.(_阻止_)You shouldnt hold anything back from us；we want to know the whole story.(_隐瞒_)Farmers apparently hold back produce in the hope that prices will rise.(_储备；保留_)归纳拓展hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下；不要挂断hold up举起；支持住；使停顿；耽误hold on to 抓住； 保持
25、； 不要放弃hold ones breath 屏息hold out 伸出catch/get/grab/seize/take hold of 抓住； 拿住；握住能力提升 介副词填空They were ready to hold _out_ a friendly hand.His car was held _up_ in the traffic jam，so he was late for the party.When he left the telephone to find a pencil，he asked me to hold _on_.Jim held _back_ his anger
26、and avoided a fight.6make sense 有道理；讲得通激活知识 语法填空_In_ a sense，I cant agree with what you said._There_ is no sense in waiting for him._It_ makes good sense to save some money for a rainy day.I cant make sense _of_ your letter.归纳拓展make sense of 了解的意义；懂得in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲in no sense 决不There is no
27、sense in doing sth.做某事没意义易混辨析 make sense意为“有意义；有道理；讲得通”。以物作主语，不可用于被动语态make sense of“弄懂，理解”。以人作主语，可以用于被动语态能力提升 句式升级我们根据我们自己的兴趣来选择专业。We choose majors _according to our own interest._很多同学认为这有意义。Many students think it _makes sense_.用it作形式宾语的宾语从句连接。_Many students think it makes sense that we choose major
28、s according to our own interest_.7bring an end to 结束；终止激活知识 语法填空The party was a success.We sang and danced until it came to _an_ end at midnight.For several miles _on_end，there was no house on either side of the road.归纳拓展(1)bring/put an end to sth.bring/put sth. to an end结束；终止come to an end结束；完结make
29、 ends meet使收支相抵carry.through to the end将进行到底(2)from beginning to end从头到尾end to end首尾相连地in the end最后；最终on end连续地；竖着能力提升 句型转换The referee blew his whistle to end the match.The referee blew his whistle to _bring/put an end to_ the match.The referee blew his whistle to _bring/put_ the match _to an end_.必
30、备句型8It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.它(香港国际机场)花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。激活知识 句式仿写伤口过了很长时间才愈合。_It took a long time for the wounds to heal._句型转换Making this plane model cost me much time.It _took me much time to make_ this plane model.I _spent much time(in) making_ this plane model.归纳拓展It
31、takes sb. some time to do sth.，意为“某人花费时间做某事。”it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是句子的真正主语。此外take还表“需要”之意。能力提升 语法填空(2020全国卷)Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while _to come_ (come) around to the opinion.(浙江高考)I can still remember how long _it_ took to polish the legs of our coffee table.课堂达标巩固
32、提升KE TANG DA BIAO GONG GU TI SHENG.单句语法填空1_To accommodate_ (accommodate) himself to the life abroad，he has to keep his knowledge and skills updated.2The old lady decided to spend the remaining time she could afford _travelling_ (travel) around the world，enjoying every minute.3The new suspension brid
33、ge designed by the famous architect is under _construction_ (construct) now，which will be completed in 2023.4How dangerous! We _narrowly_ (narrow) avoided an accident just now.5With the misunderstanding _removed_ (remove)，the two old friends made up happily.6They have found cave paintings _dating_ (
34、date) back to thousands of years.7As for me，it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is _of_ great importance.8I always dream of there _being_ (be) a chance to travel to different places，meeting different people.9All good things must come to _an_ end，and that includes our Universe itself.
35、10There are two new buildings under construction，one of _which_ is a rest home for old people.单句改错1Im sure you will take three years to finish your subjects at evening schools._youit_2Three quarters of Chinas energy are produced by burning coal._areis_3This is an old painting dated from the 16th cen
36、tury._dateddating_4I have to take buses to work this week，for my car is repaired._is后面加being_5She must try to make sense what was going on outside._sense后面加of_6The Sea-Crossing Bridge，due to be completed at the end of last year，is still in construction._inunder_7Ive always dreamed of come to China，a
37、nd now the dream has come true._第一个comecoming_8Teenagers shouldnt be remove from school although they dont do well in studies._removeremoved_9That is possible for Tom to go to Beijing for his summer vacation._ThatIt_10At a sense you are right in refusing to join the club._AtIn_.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当
38、的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Three Gorges Dam is the biggest construction project in China.It has been built _1.to control_ (control)flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the _2.central_ (center) region of China.It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost mor
39、e than any _3.other_ construction project in history.Three quarters of Chinas energy _4.is produced_(produce)by burning coal，_5.which_ causes serious air pollution and increases global warming.The dam will generate electricity equal _6.to _about 40 million tons of coal without _7.causing_(cause)so m
40、uch air pollution.The reservoir has flooded 2 cities,11 counties,140 towns and more than 4,000 villages.More than a million people _8.have moved_ (move)from their homes and they are living _9.a _ happy new life in different areas.The Three Gorges area has flooded some of Chinas most famous historica
41、l sites and about 800 relics.Some of them are being removed _10.and_ some are being put into museums.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于历史古迹)1在极冷的一天，政府就是否把追溯到1 000年前的古望台移走展开了讨论。2一些人认为这样做有道理。3另外一些人试图阻止。他们认为，这座古望台应该受到保护。此外，把如此庞大的历史遗迹移走是荒唐的。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用定语从句，动名词短语作主语等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)_参考范文_On a freezing col
42、d day，the government held a discussion on whether to remove the old watchtower which dated back to 1,000 years ago.Some people thought it made sense，while others tried to hold it back because they thought it should be preserved.Whats more，removing such an enormous historical site was ridiculous._- 11 - 版权所有高考资源网
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