1、Unit 2The United KingdomSailors used to speak of a “Jack” when they meant a flag which was set near the bow of a sailing ship.The flag showed the country to which the ship belonged.The Union Jack became the flag of Great Britain.Australias flag has the Union Jack in the top left hand corner together
2、 with the stars of the Southern Cross.They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain.Australias flag is the same colour as the Union Jackred，white and blue.The act of joining together is called a “Union”The Union Jack was the na
3、me of the flag made when England，Scotland and Ireland joined together to make one country.It all began in 1707 when England and Scotland joined together to become one nation.A flag was made using two crossesone for the patron saint (守护神) of each country.The word “patron”means protector.Many centurie
4、s before the English had taken St George as their patron saint，his emblem(标志) was a red cross on a white background.The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew.In memory of him，they used a white cross on a blue background.This cross was shaped like the letter “X”The new flag was a mixture of both flags
5、with two sets of crosses.When Ireland joined England and Scotland in 1800，another cross was added.St Patricks cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an “X”All three flags made up the Union Jack.【词海拾贝】1bown船首2settle v殖民；作为移民在殖民地定居3saint n圣人4background n背景【问题思考】True(T)or False(F)：1The Scottish
6、patron saint was St George.()2The Union Jack is the flag of Australia.()答案：1.F2.F.重点单词分类记拼写高频单词1_vi.组成；在于；一致2_vt.澄清；阐明3_vt.完成；达到；实现4_n矛盾；冲突5_n争吵；争论；吵架vi.争吵；吵架6_n快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜7_n机会；时机8_adj.相同的；类似的9_n错误；过失；谬误答案：1.consist2.clarify3.accomplish4.conflict5quarrel6.delight7.opportunity8.alike9.error联想
7、拓展单词1_vi.&vt.联合；团结_adj.统一的；团结的_n联合；联盟；结合；协会2_adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)_adj.乐意的；自愿的_n意志；决心3_n便利；方便_adj.方便的_adv.便利地；合宜地4_adj.粗糙的；粗暴的_adv.粗略地；粗糙地5_vt.吸引；引起注意_n吸引力；吸引_adj.有吸引力的6_n收藏品；珍藏；收集_vt.收集；聚集；募捐7_n描写；描述_vt.描述；描绘8_n可能(性)_adj.可能的_adv.可能地9_vt.筹备；安排；整理_n布置；整理；准备10_adj.一致的_vi.组成；在于；一致11_adj.配备好装备的；带家具的_vt.提供；供
8、应；装备答案：1.uniteunitedunion2.unwillingwillingwill3.convenienceconvenientconveniently 4roughroughly5.attractattractionattractive6.collectioncollect7.descriptiondescribe8.possibility possiblepossibly9.arrangearrangement 10consistentconsist11.furnishedfurnish识记阅读单词1currency n_2administration n. _3port n.
9、 _4wedding n. _5royal adj. _6statue n. _7original adj. _8thrill vt. _9plus prep. _adj. _10fold vt. _答案：1.货币通货2.管理行政部门3.港口(城市)4.婚礼5.王室的皇家的高贵的6.塑像雕像7.最初的原始的独创的新颖的8.使激动 使胆战心惊9.加上和；加的正的零上的10.折叠对折.重点短语快速记1_由组成2_把分成3_挣脱(束缚)；脱离4_为了纪念5_省去；遗漏；不考虑6_代替7_(机器)损坏；破坏8_展览9_动身去某地10_为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下11_无法描述答案：1.consist
10、of2.divide.into3.break away (from)4.in memory of5.leave out6.take the place of7.break down8.on show/display9.leave for10.to ones credit11.beyond description.经典句式应用记1Now when people refer to England you _(发现威尔士被包括在内) as well.(find宾语过去分词作宾语补足语)2_(很遗憾) the industrial cities built in the nineteenth cent
11、ury do not attract visitors.(It ben.that从句，it作形式主语)3_(由于担心时间不够)，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.(过去分词短语作原因状语)4It looked splendid_(刚建成的时候)(状语从句的省略)5_(这似乎是一件怪事) the man who had developed communism_(竟然在伦敦生活过且在那里去世)It seemed strange that.(should) do.答案：1.find Wales
12、included2.It is a pity that 3Worried about the time available4.when first built5.It seemed strange thatshould have lived and died in London.Skimming for the main information1Whats the main idea of the passage?AThe economy of the United Kingdom.BThe geography and history of the United Kingdom.CThe pe
13、ople of the United Kingdom.DThe politics of the United Kingdom.2Match the main idea with each paragraph.(1)Para.1_AExplaining the differences in the four countries.(2)Para.2_ BExplaining how the UK came into being.(3)Para.3_ CExplaining how England is divided into three zones.(4)Para.4_DIntroducing
14、the topic to the readers.(5)Paras.5&6_EExplaining the importance of London as a cultural and political centre in the UK.答案：1.B2.(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)C(5)E.Scanning for detailed information1When people speak of England now，they usually refer to England and_AScotlandBIrelandCthe United Kingdom DWales2Which
15、of the following is the main reason for the southern part of Ireland to break away from the United Kingdom?AIt wanted to set up its own government.BIts customs were different from those of the United Kingdom.CIt was once badly treated by the United Kingdom.DIt was refused by the United Kingdom.3Wher
16、e do most of the people settle in England?AThe zone nearest France.BThe zone nearest to Scotland.CThe Midlands.DThe North of England.4Which city is the centre of the national government and its administration?ADublin. BLondon.CManchester. DPlymouth.5Which group of invaders influenced the British wor
17、ds for food?AThe Romans. BThe Vikings.CThe Normans. DThe AngloSaxons.答案：1.D2.A3.A4.B5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageGreat Britain 1._(consist) of four countries：England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.In the 13th century，Wales 2._(link) to England.In the seventeenth century，they were
18、joined to Scotland.They were united 3._peace instead of by war.However，just as they were going to get Ireland 4._ (connect ) to form the United Kingdom，the southern part of Ireland broke away，5._only Northern Ireland joined with England.England is 6._(large) of the four countries and for 7._(conveni
19、ent) it is divided into three zones：the South of England，the Midlands and the North.Most of the population 8._(settle) in the south，but most of the industrial cities are located in the Midlands and the North.London is the capital city with the great 9._(history) treasures.It has the oldest port buil
20、t by the Romans in 10._first century AD，the oldest building begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.答案：1.consists2.was linked3.in4.connected5so6.the largest7.convenience8.settled9historical10.the.Analyze the following difficult sentences
21、 in the text1So only Northern Ireland joined with England，Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.句式分析第二个and 连接两个并列分句。第一分句中 to become the United Kingdom是结果状语，表示北爱尔兰加入之后的结果。第二分句中过去分词短语called the Union Jack作后置定语，修饰a new flag。尝
22、试翻译2Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.句式分析这是一个简单句。在 try to 中间插入时间状语 in the early twentieth century；介词短语 by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way 在句中作方式状语；其中 getting 后接复合宾语，
23、过去分词 connected 作 Ireland 的宾语补足语。尝试翻译3It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD，the oldest building begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.句式分析这是一个较为复杂的简单句。动词 has 后接三个宾语：the oldest port；the oldest building；the ol
24、dest castle；每个宾语都含有一个过去分词短语作后置定语。尝试翻译答案：1.因此，只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，这从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。2最后，英国政府打算于20世纪初把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家和平联合起来以形成联合王国。3它有公元1世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼人统治者建造的最古老的城堡。如何写好导游词导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游人员同游客交流思想、向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作的文体之一。一篇完整的导游词，一般包括下面
25、三个部分：1见面时的问候语。主要包括对游客的问候、欢迎、游览注意事项和对游客的一般希望等方面，一般放在导游词的最前面。常见的表达方式有：Hello，my dear visitors.Welcome to.Its so nice to meet you here!I feel it a great honour to be your tour guide today.Id like to take this opportunity to give you a brief introduction about.2景点介绍。景点介绍包括旅游景点的位置、范围、地位、意义、历史、现状和发展前景等，目的是
26、帮助旅游者对景点进行总体了解，引起游览兴趣。常见的表达方式有：It was built in.so it had a very long history.It is located/situated.with an area of.It has become the most popular tourist attraction since.With its pleasant climate，rich natural resources and picturesque scenery，.is one of Chinas major tourist cities.3结束语。结束语包括感谢语、惜别
27、语、征求意见语、致歉语和祝愿语等方面，一般放在导游词的最后面。常见的表达方式有：Please allow me to take this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation and understanding.Wish you have a good time and enjoy yourself!Thanks again for listening.Have a good time!假设你是王颖，是北京青年旅行社股份有限公司(Beijing Youth Travel Service Co.，Ltd.)的一名英语导游，10月1日要带一批来
28、自美国的游客旅游观光。请根据下表提供的信息写一篇英语导游词。北京概况历史悠久，旅游资源丰富。2008年奥运会的召开，令北京的面貌焕然一新旅游活动安排1.早7点在红星宾馆门口集合，然后乘汽车去天安门和紫禁城游览观光；2.下午2：00乘汽车到长城游览写作要点：要点一：北京历史悠久，旅游资源丰富；要点二：举办了2008年奥运会；要点三：北京的面貌焕然一新。要点四：早上7点在红星宾馆门口集合；要点五：先乘公共汽车去参观天安门然后去紫禁城；要点六：紫禁城是中国最大和最完整的皇宫；要点七：下午2点乘公共汽车；要点八：长城作为世界上最长的人工建筑而出名。注意：1词数80左右；2文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总
29、词数。Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Beijing.Im Wang Ying.And Im more than glad to be your guide._Finally，I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.【范文点评】范文点评Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Beijing.Im Wang Ying.And Im more than glad to be your guide.With a long history，Beijing is rich
30、 in tourist attractions.Besides，it has taken on a fresh look because of the 2008 Olympic Games.Now let me tell you something about our trip.At 7：00 on the morning of October 1，well meet at the gate of Hongxing Hotel and then well take a bus to visit Tiananmen Square，then the Forbidden City，which is
31、the largest and most complete imperial palace in China.At 2 pm，well visit the Great Wallthe longest manmade structure in the world.Finally，I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.本文作者审题认真，要点表达完整，衔接过渡自然，简单句、复合句交替使用，亮点突出。besides承上启下恰到好处。which引导的非限制性定语从句使用贴切规范，彰显了作者扎实的语言功底假设你是李华，请根据所
32、给内容要点写一篇英语文章，发表在你校的英语校报上，向同学们介绍英国首都伦敦。内容要点：1英格兰的首都，最大的城市；横跨在泰晤士河(the Thames River)上。2人口约720万。3英国政治中心：英国王宫白金汉宫(Buckingham Palace)的所在地。4旅游胜地，每年接待游客800多万。5旅游景点：大英博物馆、伦敦塔(the Tower of London)、马克思雕像(Karl Marx Statue)等。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。_答案：London，situated on the Thames River，is the capital and
33、largest city of England with a population of about 7.2 million.It is also the political centre of the United Kingdom，where lies the Buckingham Palace.There are many cultural relics and famous buildings attracting more than 8 million tourists.The British Museum displays all kinds of relics of Britain
34、 and other countries.Besides，the Tower of London，Karl Marx Statue and so on are also very famous attractions.Therefore，it is well worth visiting for people all around the world. A组基础过关.单句语法填空在句中空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1I like cooking.Each time I see my friends enjoy food prepared by me，I am _(de
35、light)2Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest _(convenient)3The company is starting a new advertising campaign _(attract)new customers to its stores.4Its greatly _ your credit that youve overcome such great difficulty and accomplished the task ahead of
36、time.5Others do hear and understand，but they are _(willing)to change their behaviour.6The professor was delighted _(find)that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students independently.7I know you have been _(quarrel)a good deal lately.8Only when we match our words with actions can we
37、 make a difference in whatever we hope _(accomplish)9Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite _(thrill)10It is strange that the naughty boy should _(win)the first prize.11TV doesnt take _ place of reading for most children.12The library _(divide)into three different zones.13Old-fashioned phones matter when wi
38、reless networks break _ in disasters.14_(found)in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.15And the generous subsidies(财政补贴)are not favourable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict _ other residents(居民)答案：1.delighted2.convenience3.to attract4.to
39、5unwilling6.to find7.quarrelling8.to accomplish9thrilling10.have won11.the12.is divided13down14.Founded15.with.选用短语的正确形式填空on show；break down；consist of；leave out；divide.into；break away from；be furnished with；take the place of；in memory of；be thrilled with1Listening is thus an active，not a passive be
40、haviour _ hearing，understanding and remembering.2The circle _ sections，and each section represents a fraction(小部分)of the data.3This word is wrongly spelt.You have _ a letter.4Computers _ human beings in many fields so far.5The TV _ again，which made me very unhappy.6Taiwan is never allowed to _ the m
41、ainland anyway.It is known to all that it belongs to China.7She occupies a room of 90 square feet，which _ a bed，a chair，a table，and a television.8All the collections will be _ from June 16 to 18 in the gym.9Many people came to the square _ the founding of the country.10She _ terror when she saw a sh
42、adow on the curtain.答案：1.consisting of2.is divided into3.left out4have taken the place of5.broke down6break away from7.is furnished with8.on show9in memory of10.was thrilled with.完成句子1A day excursion to the bordering province _ for all the participants after the meeting.会议结束后，我们将安排所有与会者赴邻省一日游。2The r
43、eason why I was late for the meeting yesterday was _ on the way to the company.我昨天开会迟到的原因是在去公司的路上我的车抛锚了。3Lucy was much annoyed to find the computer _ broke down again when she returned to her office and got down to her work.当露西回到办公室开始工作的时候，她很恼怒地发现她之前让人修理过的电脑又坏了。4She didnt _ until two days after the
44、earthquake.地震两天后她才发现她母亲还活着。5John is ill and I want to know who is going to _ him.约翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。答案：1.will be arranged2.that my car broke down3(that/which)she had had repaired4find her mother alive5.take the place ofB组能力提升.阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。(2019广州综合测试)Tourism is often about seeking d
45、eeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us.Not all travel experiences，however，need to take place in the real world.With the evolution of virtual reality(VR)technology，tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds.VR may even remove the need to t
46、ravel entirely.But can a VR experience really equal a real world one？Many experts believe it can.Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VRlike mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences.Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future.This is know
47、n as “mind wandering”During these events were not paying attention to the current world around us.Instead，were recalling memories，or creating and processing imagined futures.When engaged in mind wandering，our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the
48、real world.So，the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life.VR can create these same feelings.While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality，there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution.Firs
49、tly it could help protect sensitive locations from overtourism.In recent years famous sites such as Maya Bay in Thailand，have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact.These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual
50、models of the sites.Virtual reality may also allow people back in time，to experience historical events，visit ancient cities，and even to walk among dinosaurs.Finally，in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork，virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way f
51、or people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries，without ever leaving their homes.It sounds like science fiction but its already happening(流行的)As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences，more virtu
52、al tourism will be expected，both in combination with the real world and instead of it【语篇解读】随着虚拟现实技术的发展，旅游业将日益成为客观世界和虚拟世界的结合体。1What is driving the development of virtual tourism?ACompanies seeking to make more money.BImprovements in virtual reality technology.CPeoples demand for more shared experienc
53、es.DPeoples deeper understanding of the physical world.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“With the evolution of virtual reality(VR)technology，tourism will.and virtual worlds”可知，虚拟现实技术的进步促进了虚拟旅游业的发展。故选B。答案：B2Which of the following best describes “mind wandering”？AThe brain processes which help people think VR is real
54、.BThe way the brain processes inputs from the real world.CBrain activities focusing on past or future events.DExperiences coming from a persons imagination.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future.This is known asmind wandering”可知，大脑漫游是指我们的大脑关注过去
55、或未来的活动。故选C。答案：C3What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?AScience fiction.BVirtual technology.CVirtual tourism. DThe real world.解析：代词指代题。根据第七段最后一句中的“both in combination with the real world and instead of it”并结合语境可知，代词it在这里指代上文中出现的“the real world”。故选D。答案：D4What is the purpose
56、 of the passage?ATo describe the advantages of VR tourism.BTo give suggestions for reducing overtourism.CTo encourage people to develop VR technology.DTo argue that VR tourism will replace the real world travel.解析：写作意图题。本文前三段主要介绍了虚拟旅游业兴起的原因以及虚拟现实的运行原理，后四段主要介绍了虚拟旅游业的好处。由此可知，本文是为了介绍虚拟旅游业的优势。故选A。答案：A.七
57、选五阅读根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. _1_If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid confli
58、cts.Dont get in the centre of the conflictSometimes people can get in the centre of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help.Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict._2_You should focus on your own life issues.Be kind3_Life is full of conf
59、licts and disagreements，and thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them.For example，kindness can lessen the conflict.Try to be a peacekeeperPeacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “_4_” This saying
60、is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper.Dont worry if you are not a naturalborn peacekeeper；you can gain this skill during life.Walk offWhen the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way.By all means，try to keep
61、 yourself away from stress._5_You should get away from the situation for a while.AThe greatest victory is a battle not fought.BConflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them.CWeak people usually desire others to offer help and support.DLet other people solve their problems without your presence.EIt
62、 is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.FWhen someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person.GArguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.【语篇解读】本文给出了几点可以有效避免冲突的建议。1解析：根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and
63、 flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.”可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的。据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的危害，引出文章主题，故G项符合语境。答案：G2解析：根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上。据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合语境。答案：D3解析：根据本段标题“Be kind”可知，本段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与
64、F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”相照应。答案：F4解析：根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper.”可以判断，空处是调解冲突的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的战争”，符合语境。答案：A5解析：根据空前一句“By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress.”和空后一句“You should get away from the situation for a while.”可知，作者建议
65、要远离紧张局势，离开对手，据此可知E项符合语境。答案：E.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2019全国卷)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa. They _1_with them lots of waste.The _2_might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing，changing th
66、e_3_of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories，Im_4_about the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However，I soon_5_that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of_6_among tons of rubbish.I find a_7_mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The enviro
67、nmental challenges are_8_but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be_9_The best of a Kilimanjaro_10_，in my opinion，isnt reaching the top.Mountains are_11_as spiritual places by many cultures.This_12_is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as_13_go through five ecosystems(生态系
68、统)in the space of a few kilometres.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 metres，_14_lands of low growing plants.Further up，the weather_15_low clouds envelop the mountainsides，which are covered with thick grass.I _16_twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4，000 metres is the
69、highland_17_：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks._18_ you climb into an arcticlike zone with_19_snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro_20_its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.【语篇解读】文章围绕人与自然的主题，讲述了乞
70、力马扎罗山(Kilimanjaro)环境遭到破坏的现状，同时也介绍了它独特的生态系统，旨在呼吁人们去保护这一奇观。1A.keep BmixCconnect Dbring解析：根据首段第一句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”和下文的“The_2_might damage the beauty of the place”可知，此处指他们带来了大量垃圾。keep“保留”；mix“混合”；connect“联结”。答案：D2A.stories BbuildingsCcrowds Dreporters解析：根据首段第一
71、句中的“40，000 people”可知，此处指人群可能破坏了这个地方的美景。crowd“人群”，符合语境。story“故事”；building“建筑物”；reporter“记者”。答案：C3A.position BageCface Dname解析：根据上文的“damage the beauty of the place”和“The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing”可知，这里指冰川正在消失，改变了乞力马扎罗山的地貌。face“面貌，外观特征”，符合语境。position“位置”；age“年龄，时代”；name“名称，名字”。答案：C4A.silent Bskeptic
72、alCserious Dcrazy解析：上文提到乞力马扎罗山已经遭到破坏，我对这个地方开始持怀疑态度其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。silent“沉默的”；skeptical“怀疑的”；serious“严肃的”；crazy“疯狂的”。答案：B5A.discover BargueCdecide Dadvocate解析：根据下文可知，不久，我就发现，自从读到关于营地里有很多垃圾的令人不安的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大变化。discover“发现”；argue“争论”；decide“决定”；advocate“提倡，主张”。答案：A6A.equipment BgrassCcamps Dsto
73、nes解析：根据下文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，此处指营地里有很多垃圾。camp“营地”，符合语境。equipment“设备”；grass“草地”；stone“石块”。答案：C7A.remote BquietCtall Dclean解析：上文提到营地里有很多垃圾的情况已经发生了很大变化，此处指我发现了一座干净的山，营地和沿途都有厕所。此处旨在说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化。remote“偏远的”；quiet“安静的”；tall“高的”；clean“干净的”。答案：D8A.new BspecialCsignificant Dneces
74、sary解析：由上文的“tons of rubbish”可知，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。new“新的”；special“特别的，格外的”；significant“显著的；重大的”；necessary“必要的”。答案：C9A.paying off Bspreading outCblowing up Dfading away解析：挑战虽大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正在取得成效。pay off“奏效，取得成功”；spread out“伸展，散开”；blow up“爆炸”；fade away“逐渐消失”。答案：A10A.atmosphere BexperienceCexperiment Ds
75、ight解析：乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。atmosphere“气氛，大气”；experience“体验”；experiment“实验”；sight“视力，景物”。答案：B11A.studied BobservedCexplored Dregarded解析：在许多文化中，山被认为是精神之所在。 study“研究”；observe“观察”；explore“探索”；regard“认为”。答案：D12A.view BqualityCreason Dpurpose解析：在几公里的空间里，登山者经历五个生态系统，这种观点(山被认为是精神之所在)在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤其明显。view“观点”；qu
76、ality“质量”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的”。答案：A13A.scientists BclimbersClocals Dofficials解析：此处指登山者。scientist“科学家”；climber“登山者”；local“当地人”；official“官员”。答案：B14A.holding on to Bgoing back toCliving up to Dgiving way to解析：在乞力马扎罗山的不同海拔高度，生长着不同的植被。乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3 000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。hold on to“保住”；go bac
77、k to“追溯到”；live up to“不辜负”；give way to“被代替”。答案：D15A.changes BclearsCimproves Dpermits解析：再往上走，天气变了低垂的云笼罩着山坡，山坡上长满了茂密的草。change“变化”；clear“放晴”；improve“改善，提高”；permit“许可，允许”。答案：A16A.match BimagineCcount Dadd解析：从我站的地方，我数了数有十二种绿色。match“相配”；imagine“想象”；count“数数”；add“增加”。答案：C17A.village BdesertCroad Dlake解析：根据
78、空后的“gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks”可知，海拔4 000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石、石头和岩石。village“村庄”；desert“沙漠”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊”。答案：B18A.Obviously BEasilyCConsequently DFinally解析：最后，你会爬进一个像北极一样的地带，那里终年积雪，冰川可能很快就会消失。obviously“明显地”；easily“容易地”；consequently“结果”；finally“最后，终于”。答案：D19A.permanent BlittleCfresh Dartificial解析：参见上题解析。permanent“永久的，永恒的”；little“小的”；fresh“新鲜的”；artificial“人造的，人工的”。答案：A20A.enjoy BdeserveCsave Dacquire解析：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受的乐趣”；deserve“值得”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得”。答案：B