1、专题3 第5讲.单句语法填空1(2020湖北省黄冈市高三模拟)The movie (adapt) from the true story of a road trip through the southern US in the early 1960s.【答案】was adapted【解析】考查一般过去时态的被动语态。这部电影改编自一个真实的故事，且时间为过去，故答案为was adapted。2(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期第一次模拟)A study found that those who ate more.，while those who ate more nuts over the
2、course of the study (gain) only half as much weight.【答案】gained【解析】考查时态。句意：一项研究发现，那些吃更多，而那些在研究过程中吃更多坚果的人只增加了一半的体重。根据“A study found that those who ate more .”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为those。故填gained。3(2020山西太原五中高三4月阶段性检测)Over the years，aerospace engineering (make) huge leaps in aeroplane technology.【答案】has made【
3、解析】考查时态。句意：多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术上取得了巨大的飞跃。根据Over the years“在最近的这些年里”，所以句子用现在完成时态，且主语是aerospace engineering，单数第三人称形式，故答案为has made。4(2020山西省太原市高三模拟试题)As the foods are digested，the special oils they contain (absorb) into your bloodstream.【答案】are absorbed【解析】考查时态和语态。动词absorb和逻辑主语the special oils为被动关系，句子为一般现在时
4、。故填are absorbed。5(2020福建省泉州市高三第一次质检)Starting with an idea of who will (invite) and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of littering.【答案】be invited【解析】考查语态。主语who和invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，又will后接动词原形。故填be invited。6(2020福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测)At about 3 pm.on October 2，carpentry students from Harvard
5、 HEllis Technical High School (ET) in the United States (put) the finishing touches on a handicapped ramp (残疾人坡道) at Northeast Placement Services.【答案】were putting【解析】考查时态。此处缺乏谓语动词，根据At about 3 pm.on October 2和语境可知，此处指过去正在发生的事，所以用过去进行时(was/were doing)，主语carpentry students是复数，应用were putting。故填were put
6、ting。7(2020安徽省六安市省示范高中高三教学质量检测)Since the start of reform and opening-up，Shenzhen (grow) from a small fishing village to a modern city.【答案】has grown【解析】考查时态。句意：改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市。since引导的时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词常用现在完成时，Shenzhen是句子主语。故填has grown。8(2020辽宁省大连市第二十四中学高三模拟) Internet shopping (offer) a nu
7、mber of benefits to the shoppers especially over the past decade.【答案】has offered【解析】考查动词时态。根据后文over the past decade可知应用现在完成时，主语为Internet shopping，助动词用has。故填has offered。9(2020广东省广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试)Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the m
8、etal required (collect)【答案】is collected / has been collected【解析】考查时态、主谓一致和语态。句意：收集箱已经被放置在当地的办公室和电信商店，它们将一直在那里，直到所需的金属被收集。until引导时间状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时态或现在完成时态。且the metal和collect之间是被动关系，metal不可数，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is collected / has been collected。.单句改错1(2020湘赣皖长郡十五校高三第二次联考英语试题)B
9、efore going to sleep，astronauts must make sure that their space is well ventilated(使通风) and have plenty of oxygen to last a full eight hours.【答案】have改为has【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：在睡觉之前，宇航员必须确保他们的空间通风良好、氧气足够支撑8个小时。分析句子结构可知，have作为谓语动词，与前句的is并列，主语their space为第三人称单数，have也要用第三人称单数形式。故将have改为has。2(2020湖南省长沙市第一中学高三月考
10、)Then，during this summer vacation，the day I had been looking forward to coming last.【答案】coming改为came【解析】考查动词时态。句中the day是主语，come作此句的谓语动词，I had been looking forward to是定语从句修饰the day。句意“我一直盼望的这一天终于来到了”，叙述已发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。故coming改为came。3(2020江西九江十校高三模拟)The flag raising ceremony has existed since I go to
11、 school.【答案】go改为went【解析】考查动词时态。since引导的状语从句中动词应该用一般过去时态。故把go改成went。4(2020河南省部分学校联考高三阶段性测试)Although I had known them for seven years，yet it is difficult for me to tell one from the others.【答案】had改为have【解析】考查动词时态。根据从句中for seven years和后面主句中的 is可知，表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间到现在应用现在完成时。故had改为have。5(2020湖北省黄冈市高三模拟测试
12、卷一)I told my mother that I wanted to make a dish for my father and she is very happy to teach me.【答案】is改成was【解析】考查时态。句意：我告诉我的母亲，我想为我的父亲做一道菜，她很乐意教我。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。所以is改成was。6(2020黑龙江省哈尔滨市六中高三一模)Some of us students overcame the fear of acting in front of audience and gaining tremendous confidence.【
13、答案】gaining改成gained【解析】考查并列的谓语动词。句意：我们中的一些学生克服了在观众面前表演的恐惧，获得了巨大的信心。句中and把表示过去的两个谓语动词连在一起，所以gain应该用一般过去时态。故把gaining改成gained。7(2020吉林省吉林市高三第三次调研测)It turned out that her right leg broken and she had to stay in the hospital.【答案】broken前加was【解析】考查系动词。句意：原来她的右腿断了，她不得不留在医院里。broken“骨折的”是形容词，与系动词构成系表结构，根据语境可知，
14、描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语leg是单数。故在leg和broken之间加was。8(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试)Many a student suggest that we shouldnt waste any food or paper，though they appear very easy to get.【答案】suggest改为suggests【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：许多学生建议我们不应该浪费任何食物或纸张，尽管它们看起来很容易得到。many a单数名词，作主语时后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故把suggest改成suggests。9(2020甘肃省
15、兰州市高三诊断考试)I became impatient and decided to explain my difficulty even if he might turned a deaf ear.【答案】turned改为turn【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我决定向他解释我的困难，即使他可能会充耳不闻。might为情态动词，后面要跟动词原形。故把turned改为turn。10(2020湖北黄冈中学高三2月网络联考)The high school life of three years have made me learn a lot of things.【答案】have改成has【解
16、析】考查主谓一致。主语是单数The high school life，谓语动词也要用单数。故have改成has 。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020河北衡水中学高三调研)There are over 2,000 different kinds of tea in the world.The huge number of teas can 1 (divide) into six types：green tea，black tea，white tea，oolong tea，yellow tea and dark tea.A kind of tea
17、that has 2 (recent) grown in popularity worldwide is green tea.There are several reasons why green tea has become popular.One of the reasons is that it has 3 (little) caffeine than black tea and has a nicer flavor.China was the first country 4 (drink) green tea more than 4,000 years ago 5 it still e
18、njoys popularity there today.There are many different kinds of green tea in China.The most famous Chinese tea， 6 (call) Longjing tea，comes from Zhejiang Province.Fujian Province is also famous 7 growing tea.People have believed for 8 long time that green tea has positive effects on our health.Scient
19、ists have studied green teas effects on weight loss，cancer，and heart disease.The 9 (result) of these studies have shown that green tea might treat or prevent these diseases. 10 you believe that it can cure your diseases or not，green tea is popular and continues to be popular in the future.【答案】1.be d
20、ivided2.recently3.less4.to drink5.and6.called7.for8.a9.results10.Whether【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些著名的茶的种类，其中包括中国的龙井茶、绿茶等。绿茶也因其较少的咖啡因含量和对一些疾病有治疗效果，也深受人们的喜爱。1考查被动语态。句意：世界上有2,000多种茶。这些茶可以被分为六种类型：绿茶、红茶、白茶、乌龙茶、黄茶和黑茶。分析句子可知，the huge number of teas与divide之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用被动语态，且在情态动词后，be动词要使用原形。故填be divided。2考查副词。
21、句意：最近一种在全世界都很流行的茶是绿茶。分析句子可知，应使用副词修饰动词grown。故填recently。3考查形容词比较级。句意：其中的一个原因是它的咖啡因比红茶少，且味道也更好。分析句子可知，than是形容词比较级的标志，因此little要使用比较级。故填less。4考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是四千多年前第一个喝绿茶的国家，今天绿茶的大众化程度依然很高。 the first.to do sth.，意为“第一个做”，序数词修饰名词用不定式作后置定语。故填to drink。5考查连词。句意：中国是四千多年前第一个喝绿茶的国家，今天绿茶的大众化程度依然很高。分析句子可知，前后两个句子之间是并列
22、关系。故填and。6考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最著名的茶是来自浙江省的龙井茶。分析句子可知，the most famous Chinese tea与动词call之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用过去分词表被动。故填called。7考查介词。句意：福建省也是以茶叶种植而闻名。分析句子可知，此处为固定词组“be famous for”，意为“以而闻名”。故填for。8考查不定冠词。句意：长期以来，人们一直认为绿茶对我们的健康有着积极的影响。分析句子可知，此处为固定词组“for a long time”，意为“长时间；长期以来”。故填a。9考查名词复数。句意：这些研究结果表明，绿茶可以治疗或预防这些
23、疾病。分析句子可知，该句中的谓语及指示代词都使用了复数形式，为保持主谓一致，空处需填其复数形式。故填results。10考查固定搭配。句意：不管你是否相信它是否能治愈你的疾病，绿茶都是很受欢迎的，而且将会一直受欢迎。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配“whether.or not”，意为“无论；是否；是不是”。故填Whether。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一
24、横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2020湖北宜昌三月线上调研)Mary will never forget the first time she see him.He suddenly turned up in her class one day，wore sunglasses.Word quickly got around which he was from New York.For some reason he sat besides Mary.Mary felt pleased，because the
25、re were many empty seat in the room.But she quickly realized that it was probable because she sat in the last row.Though he wanted to escape attention，but he was wrong.Nothing could stop the other students watch him by turning around.Of course every time they turned around look at him，they had to lo
26、ok at Mary，it made her feel like a star.【答案】Mary will never forget the first time she him.He suddenly turned up in her class one day， sunglasses.Word quickly got around he was from New York.For some reason he sat Mary.Mary felt pleased，because there were many empty in the room.But she quickly realiz
27、ed that it was because she sat in the last row.Though he wanted to escape attention，but he was wrong.Nothing could stop the other students him by turning around.Of course every time they turned around look at him，they had to look at Mary， made her feel like a star.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽回忆起第一次见到新同学的情景。1
28、考查动词时态。句意：玛丽永远不会忘记她第一次见到他的情景。根据the first time可知此句时态是一般过去时，see的过去式是saw。故将see改为saw。2考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，他突然出现在她的课堂上，戴着墨镜。根据wear的逻辑主语是He，因此要用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故将wore改为wearing。3考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：他来自纽约的消息很快传开了。固定句式Word quickly got around that. “消息很快传开了。”，that引导的是同位语从句，作Word的同位语。故将which改为that。4考查介词。句意：出于某种原因，他坐在玛丽旁边。根据
29、sat可知，此处要用beside“在旁边，靠近”，是介词；besides“除之外”。故将besides改为beside。5考查名词复数。句意：玛丽感到很高兴，因为教室里有许多空座位。根据many可知此处要用名词的复数形式，seat是“座位”，是可数名词。故将seat改为seats。6考查副词。句意：但她很快意识到，这可能是因为她坐在最后一排。根据because she sat in the last row可知此处要用副词修饰句子。故将probable改为probably。7考查连词。句意：虽然他想逃避关注，但他错了。根据Though可知，主句不能用but连接，因此连词but多余。故将but去
30、掉。8考查固定搭配。句意：没有什么能阻止其他学生转身看他。根据stop the other students可知，此处要用现在分词形式，固定搭配stop sb.doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故将watch改为watching。9考查不定式作目的状语。句意：当然，他们每次转身看他的时候，都必须看玛丽，这使她感到自己像个明星。根据look at him可知，此处要用不定式作状语，表示目的。故在turn around后加to。10考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。分析句子成分可知，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整件事they had to look at Mary，在从句中作主语，
31、要用关系词which引导。故将it改为which。【点睛】第10小题考查了which 引导的非限制性定语从句时，关系代词which指代整个主句的用法。which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、代词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。which指代整个主句。如：In the presence of so many people he was little tense，which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。He got married again a year later，which surprised everybody.他一年后又结婚了，这使大家都吃惊。It was built in a year，which seems absolutely incredible.它在一年内就建成了，这简直难以置信。He began to try to sit up，which showed us that the effects of the drug were wearing off.他开始试图坐起身来，这向我们表明药力正在消退。