1、Passive voice被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。I speak Chinese.Chinese is spoken by my.基本结构：A+be+过去分词+（by B）am/is/are+donewas/were+doneShallwill be+done情态动词+be+done1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch-watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice-practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变
2、i加-edstudy-studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop-stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring.主（执行者）谓宾(承受者)Treesare planted by him改为被动语态in spring.主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。is spoken by He speaks English.EnglishEnglish.Hehim.主（执行者）谓宾
3、(承受者)主动语态：主语+动词+宾语被动语态：主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。Many people visit Sanya every year.Sanya is visited(by many people)every year.People eat seafood.Seafood is eaten by people.People take photos at the seaside.Photos are taken at the seaside(by people).Cao Wenxuan writes thi
4、s book.This book is written by Cao Wenxuan.1.Theymakeshoes in that factory.主语+谓语+宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.主动语态：被动语态：His brother washes bowls every day.主谓Bowlsare washed by his brotherevery day.宾(承受者)主动语态：被动语态：主语+am/are/is+动词过去分词+（by宾语）+其他一般现在时的被动语态：1、He plants flowers in spring.Flow
5、ers _in spring _.2、They clean the classroom every day.The classroom _ by_ every day.3、Mother washes the dishes every day.The dishes _ by mother every day.are plantedby himis cleanedare washed练一练them 主动：Children plant trees in spring.被动：Trees are planted by children in spring.一般疑问句：Are trees planted
6、by children in spring?回答：Yes,they are.No,they arent.主动：They clean the classroom every day.被动：The classroom is cleaned by them every day.一般疑问句：Is the classroom cleaned by them every day?回答：Yes，it is./No,it isnt.仔细观察肯定句：The books are read by students.一般疑问句：Are the books read by students?回答：Yes,they ar
7、e.No,they arent.Are the computers used by him?The computers are used by them.Are the computers used by them?Yes,they are.No,they arent.The car is used by him.悟一悟：通过观察以上句子，你发现了什么？一般疑问句是怎样构成的？We drink water every day.Water is drunk every day.Is water drunk every day?Yes,it is.No,it isnt.通过观察，我们发现：被动语态
8、的一般疑问句是这样构成的：Be+主语+过去分词+（by宾语）+其他练一练1、He often writes letters to his mother.Letters _ often _ to his mother.2、Uncle Wang rode the bike yesterday._his bike _by Uncle Wang every day?_ letters often _ to his mother?Yes,he is./No,he isnt.Yes,they are.No,they arent.The bike _ _ by Uncle Wang yesterday.ar
9、e writtenArewrittenisriddenIsridden They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework today.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.People speak English as the first language in UK.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy today.Computers are oft
10、en used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.English is spoken as the first language in UK.被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.The students listen to the teacher carefully in class.被动句：The teacher is listened tocarefully by the students in class.e.g.They look after the new
11、 students in the school.被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the school.2.当动词带有双宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”e.g.They make us do all the work.被动句：We are made to do all the work by them.e.g.We often hear her sing songs.被动句：She is often heard to sing songs by us.e.g.I saw him wa
12、lk to school.被动句：He was seen to walk to school by me.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice)教某人某事teach sb.sth.=teach sth.to sb.把某物给某人give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.告诉某人某事tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.把某物递给某人pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物扔给某人throw sb.sth.=throw sth.to sb.把某
13、物发送给某人send sb.sth.=send sth.to sb.把某物带给某人bring sb.sth.=bring sth.for sb.给某人买某物buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.为某人制作某物make sb.sth.=make sth.for sb.为某人准备某物prepare sb.sth.=prepare sth.for sb.为某人煮某物cook sb.sth.=cook sth.for sb.3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，Mother cooked me rice.将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；I
14、was cooked rice by mother.如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。Rice was cooked for me by mother.e.g.He gives me a flower everyday.被动1 I am given a flower by him everyday.被动2 A flower is given to me by him everyday.e.g.My mother bought me acomputer.被动1 I was bought a computer by my mother.被动2 A
15、computer was bought forme by my mother.1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floo
16、r.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to havecan be used7.Did you plant
17、 many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMustbefinished9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.weweregivenweregiven to us10.Th
18、e teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was askedis done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This
19、medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mendedmust betaken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?isstudiedIstalkedby them练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.L
20、i Leis father is listened to carefully by Li Lei.2.The mother looked after the baby in the room.The baby was looked after by the mother in the room.3.We took care of the things.The things were taken care of by us.练习：将下列句子变为被动句。4.They gave us some work.We were given some work by them.Some work was gi
21、ven to us by them.5.The boy made them laugh all the time.They were made to laugh all the time by the boy.6.My mother buys me a bike.A bike is bought for me by my mother.I am bought a bike by my mother.Homework:1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy me ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.
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