1、Section Using Language自主学习激发潜能. 词汇拓展 motivated /mtvetd/adj. 积极的，主动的 motivation /mtven/ n. 动机；动力；积极性 motivate /mtvet/ v. 激发；激励；成为动机 reasonable /riznbl/ adj. 有道理的；合情理的 reason /rizn/ v. 推理；推论；推断n. 理由，原因 unreasonably /nri: znbl/ adv. 不合理地 expectation /ekspekten/ n. 预期；期望；期待 expect /kspekt/ vt. 预料；期望 une
2、xpected /nkspektd/ adj. 出乎意外的，想不到的 unexpectedly /nkspektdli/ adv. 出乎意外地, 想不到地 applicant /plknt/ n. 申请人 application /plken/ n. 申请；应用 apply /pla/ v. 申请；涂；应用 firm /fm/ adj. 结实的；牢固的；坚定的n.公司；商行；事务所 firmly /fmli/ adv. 坚固地；稳定地 expose /kspz/ vt. 使暴露于（险境）；使接触；使体验；显露 exposure /ksp(r)/ n. 暴露；接触；体验；揭露 depart /d
3、pt/ v. 离开，上路 departure /dpt(r)/ n. 离开；启程；出发 expense /kspens/ n. 费用；花费；开销 expensive /kspensv/ adj. 昂贵的；花钱多的 behave /bhev/ vt.& vi. 有礼貌；表现得体vt. 表现 behaviour /bhevj(r)/ n. 行为；举止；态度 surroundings /srandz/ n. （复数）周围的事物；环境 surround /srand/ vt. 包围；围绕 surrounding /srand/ adj. 周围的；附近的 mature /mt(r)；mtj(r)/ ad
4、j. 成熟的 maturity /mtrti；mtjrti/ n. 成熟 immature /mtj(r)/ adj. 不成熟的，未长成的 depressed /dprest/ adj. 沮丧的，意志消沉的 depress /dpres/ vt. 使沮丧，使忧愁 strengthen /stren/ vt.& vi. 加强；巩固；增强 strength /stre/ n. 力气；力量；强项 strong /str/ adj. 强壮的；强大的 competence /kmptns/ n. 能力；胜任；本领 competent /kmptnt/ adj. 有能力的；称职的 cooperate /k
5、pret/ vi.合作；配合；协作 cooperation /kpren/ n. 合作；协作 cooperative /kprtv/ adj. 合作的 sincerely /snsli/ adv. 真诚地；诚实地 sincere /sns(r)/ adj. 真诚的；真挚的 logical /ldkl/ adj. 合乎逻辑的；合情合理的 logically /ldkli/ adv. 逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地. 情境词块1.与合作 cooperate with 2.胜任 be competent with 3.总之 all in all 4.cost an arm and a leg （使）花一
6、大笔钱5.contribute to （为）做贡献6.side with 支持，站在的一边7.as far as I know 据我所知8.as far as I am concerned 就我而言；依我看来9.in summary 总的来说；总之. 情境佳句1.句型公式动词 -ing 作主语教材原句Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own c
7、ulture.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。中文例句学习一门外语对每个人都很有用。句式仿写 Learning a foreign language is very useful to everyone.2.句型公式状语从句的省略教材原句All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase peoples understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a
8、 shared future for all.总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体。中文例句在遛狗的时候，他不小心松了手，结果它被一辆车撞了。句式仿写 While walking the dog ， he was careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.激发思维全程指导背景导学本栏目的活动主题是“表达你对出国留学的看法”。出国留学是一个家庭为孩子做出的重要决定，因此讨论这个问题有较强的现实意义，目的是引导学生客观地分析出国留学的利与弊。文本改写教材原文STUDYING ABROAD：
9、IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA?Dear Editor,In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits, I think the disadvantages for young people are greater.To begin with, many students who study abroad face gre
10、at economic pressure. That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone. Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money.Another important facto
11、r to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad. Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Other students are not mature enough t
12、o handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety. In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students.A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potentia
13、l benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available. They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who
14、 will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.Kind regards,Wang Li （mother of twin girls）Dear Editor,Is studying abroad
15、 a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater. As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard!The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The educatio
16、n you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence.An
17、other advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations. International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the w
18、orld from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. Chinas global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across th
19、e world. Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness. Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provid
20、e them with better career opportunities.All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase peoples understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child wil
21、l study abroad in the future.Sincerely yours,Zhang Yi（father of one boy）教材译文留学：好主意，还是坏主意?尊敬的编辑:过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益，但我认为，留学对于年轻人来说是弊大于利。首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，这意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活。在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能
22、会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨，另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很多学生来说也是一种冲击。最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。谨致问候！王丽（一对双胞胎女孩的母亲）尊敬的编辑：留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢？留学当然有其弊端，但我认为
23、利大于弊。我时常告诫我儿子，对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事！留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“一带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需要更多有才能、有国际视
24、野、语言能力极强、具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国实力, 打造人类命运共同体。我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。此致敬礼！张毅（一个男孩的父亲）请将范文中的第二篇改写成一篇60词左右的短文。【审题谋篇】【词汇储备】1.出国留学 study abroad 2.利弊 advantages and disadvantages 3.个人成长 personal growth 4.更多的机会 the increa
25、sed chance 5.文化交流 cultural exchange 6.好机会 a great opportunity 7.为作出贡献 contribute to 8.总而言之 all in all 9.文化多样性 cultural diversity 【句型运用】1.出国留学有缺点和优点。（动名词作主语） Studying abroad has disadvantages and advantages. 2.优势要大得多。（much 修饰比较级） The advantages are much greater. 3.出国留学的优点之一是个人成长。（one of 结构） One of th
26、e advantages of studying abroad is personal growth. 4.它增加了文化交流的机会。（the chance for. . .） It increases the chance for cultural exchange. 5.出国留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。（动名词作主语） Studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. 6.增强中国的实力，打造人类命运共同体。（strengthen, 过去分词
27、作前置定语） It strengthens China and builds a shared future for all. 【句式升级】1.用并列复合句升级句1、2。 Studying abroad has disadvantages and advantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater. 2.用not only. . . but also. . . 升级句6。 Not only does it strengthen China but also it builds a shared future for al
28、l. 【串句成文】1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。Studying abroad has disadvantages and advantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater. One of the advantages of studying abroad is personal growth. Another advantage is that it increases the chance for cultural exchange. Finally, it provides a gre
29、at opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. Not only does it strengthen China but also it builds a shared future for all.实战演练1.某英文报就近年来我国学生出国留学低龄化的利弊在报上展开讨论，希望广大读者畅所欲言，就此事发表自己的看法。假设你是中学生李华，请用英语给编辑写一封信，谈谈你的看法，并说明理由。注意：1. 词数80左右;2. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear editor,Im writing to tel
30、l you my opinion on Chinese students going abroad for further studies at an early age.Yours,Li Hua解析：写作指导体裁应用文时态一般现在时人称第一、三人称要点1. 中国的教育和国外的教育既有优点也有缺点。2. 我们中国学生目前最重要的事情是了解我们的国家、人民和文化。3. 此外，过早去国外学习不仅要花很多钱，而且还会带来严重的问题，照顾自己就是其中之一。答案：One possible version:Dear editor,Im writing to tell you my opinion on C
31、hinese students going abroad for further studies at an early age.The education in China and that in foreign countries have both advantages and disadvantages. The most important thing for us Chinese students to do at present is to know about our country, people and culture well. Besides, going to stu
32、dy in foreign countries at an early age not only costs a lot of money, it could also bring serious problems, one of which is whether they can take care of themselves.In my opinion, as primary or middle school students, we should devote our time to studying harder in our own country and improving our
33、selves.Yours,Li Hua高级短语及句式1. devote ones time to doing. . . 时间花在做上2. Besides, going to study in foreign countries at an early age not only costs a lot of money, it could also bring serious problems. . .（动名词作主语；not only. . . but also. . .）此外，过早去国外学习不仅要花很多钱，而且还会带来严重的问题新知清障素养构建核心词汇1. end up 最终成为，最后处于Tu
34、ition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多, 大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。(教材P20)典例翻译How does the story end up?这篇故事是怎么结尾的？The party ended up with a song.聚会以一首歌结束。You will end up in debt if you keep on spending mone
35、y like that.如果你继续像那样花钱的话，你最终会陷入债务的。If you dont eat less, youll end up looking like a whale!如果你不少吃些，你最终会看起来像一条鲸鱼！归纳拓展 end up in 以结束（侧重以某种结果结束）end up as 最终成为（侧重以某种身份结束) end up with 以（侧重以某种方式结束） end up doing/adj.以结束学以致用（1）单句填空Even a successful inventor makes experiments that end up in failure.Humans en
36、ded up with a sense of adventure.He got a rapid promotion and ended up as a manager.（2）完成句子音乐会在观众的掌声中结束。The concert ended up with the applause of the audience.2. behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举止得体
37、时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。（教材P20）典例翻译He behaves badly towards customers.他对顾客态度不好。If parents do not teach their child how to behave himself, he will do anything at will.如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩，他做任何事情都会我行我素。I dont think it is a reasonable practice for them to behave that way in our society.我认为在这个社会里他们用那种方式做事
38、是不合情理的。I think all of us should mind our behaviour in public places.我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。归纳拓展（1） behave oneself 举止得体behave as if/though. . . 表现得好像 behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对某人好/坏（2）behavior n. U行为, 举止学以致用（1）单句填空Though he was a little boy, he behaved quite well （good） at the dinner party.Th
39、ey behaved badly to/towards the guests, which made us very disappointed.Much to my surprise, he behaved as if nothing had happened. In general, I was quite pleased with his behavio（u）r . （behave）（2）句式升级He behaved well and was praised by his parents. （用现在分词短语作状语改写） Behaving well, he was praised by hi
40、s parents. 3. deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors. 综上所述, 我们无法否认的事实是: 留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时, 应当考虑上述诸多因素。（教材P20）典例翻译He denied having seen these watches before.他否认曾经见
41、过这些手表。He denied that it was his fault.他否认这是他的过错。There is no denying that Taiwan is a beautiful island.不可否认, 台湾是一个美丽的岛屿。No one should be denied a good education. = A good education should not be denied to anyone.任何人都不应该被剥夺接受良好教育的机会。归纳拓展 deny（doing） sth. 否认（做）某事 deny+that从句否认 There is no denying that
42、毋庸置疑, 不可否认It cant be denied that. . . 不可否认 deny sb. sth. = deny sth. to sb. 拒绝给某人某物学以致用（1）单句填空There is no denying （deny）that learning a foreign language is difficult and when it comes to speaking the language, it can be extremely tough. It cant be denied that we need to devote more resources to this
43、 problem.（2）单句写作他拒绝给学生讲话的机会。 He denied the students a chance to speak. 4. optimistic adj.乐观的As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard!我时常告诫我儿子，对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事！（教材P20）典例翻译I think I am a cautious, independent and opti
44、mistic person.我认为我是一个谨慎、独立、乐观的人。We have every reason to feel optimistic.我们完全有理由感到乐观。My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic about my future and about what I can do here.我在工作面试中的良好表现让我对我的未来，对我在这里能做什么很乐观。A gentleman is open-minded and optimistic; a small person is narrow-minded and
45、 pessimistic.君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。归纳拓展（1） be optimistic about 对乐观（2）optimist n. 乐观主义者（3）optimism n.乐观, 乐观主义with optimism乐观地头脑风暴（1）pessimism n. 悲观，悲观主义with pessimism 悲观地（2）pessimistic adj. 悲观的be pessimistic about. . . 对悲观（3）pessimist n. 悲观主义者学以致用单句填空He expressed his optimism （optimistic）about the future.We ma
46、y now look forward to the future with optimism.Whatever the difficulty is, we should be an optimist （optimistic）about life.On your second question, I think youre too pessimistic. We should be optimistic about it.5. gain vt. 获得；赢得；取得；增加n. 好处；增加The education you gain and the experiences you have will
47、change you for the better.你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。（教材P20）典例翻译I gained a lot by/from my former experience.我从以前的经验中学到了很多东西。Im new on the job, but I am already gaining experience.对这个工作我是新手，但我已经在积累经验了。India gained its independence in 1947.印度在1947年获得了独立。归纳拓展（1）gain weight增加体重 gain sth. from. . . 从中获益 gain
48、sth. by. . . 通过方式获得gain others respect/trust/knowledge 获得别人的尊敬/信任/知识（2）No pain, no gain. 不劳则无获。学以致用（1）单句填空 To gain （gain） a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a one-year job in the city government.She hopes to gain experience by/from working abroad for a year.（2）完成句子正如谚语所说：“没有
49、付出就没有收获”。As the saying goes, “ no pain, no gain ”.通过这次志愿者活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了宝贵的经验。From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also gained valuable experience. 6. cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from differe
50、nt angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。（教材P20）典例翻译We hope we can cooperate even more closely in the future.希望我们今后能更加密切地合作。He has said he will cooperate fully with the polices enquiries.他说他将全力配合警方的调查。We would be grateful for your c
51、ooperation in clearing the hall as quickly as possible.你们若大力协助尽快把大厅腾空，我们将不胜感激。归纳拓展（1） cooperate with（sb.） in （sth.）和（某人）合作（某事）cooperate in harmony 协调地合作；配合默契（2）cooperation n. 合作；协作学以致用（1）单句填空The two companies are cooperating in the development of a new engine.The two groups agreed to cooperate with
52、each other.（2）完成句子其次，它让我学会了如何与自己喜欢或不喜欢的人团结合作。Second, it let me know how to cooperate in harmony with people who I like or dislike.重点句型1. 动词 -ing 作主语Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own cult
53、ure.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。（教材P20）典例翻译Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。No smoking is allowed.禁止吸烟。Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.他们来帮助我们对我们是极大的鼓舞。归纳拓展误区警示1. 单个的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Good writing needs a lot of pr
54、actice, as our Chinese teacher often says.我们语文老师常说，文章要写得好，需要多多练习。2. 由 and 连接的两个（或多个）动名词或不定式作主语, 如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似，谓语用单数; 如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。例如：Lying and stealing are not right.撒谎和偷窃是不对的。Weeping and wailing does nothing towards solving the problem.哭泣和哀号是解决不了这个问题的。学以致用Cleaning the offices is （be）one of
55、Mr. Smiths daily duties.It is no use talking （talk） without doing.To me, swimming and walking are （be）always fun.The main trouble is their （they） not having enough money.2. as 引导的状语从句As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now availab
56、le.随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观, 优质大学比比皆是。（教材P20）典例翻译When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。As she sang, tears ran down her cheeks.她唱歌时，眼泪从脸颊淌下。As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.随着孩子年龄的增长，他们对周围的事物越来越感兴趣。Intelligent as she was, she didnt have much insight.她虽
57、然聪明，但不是很有洞察力。As its raining again, well have to stay at home.因为又下起雨来了, 我们只好待在家里了。归纳拓展（1）引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；一边一边；随着”（2）引导方式状语从句，意为“按照”“依照”“像”（3）引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装（4）引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”“由于”（5）引导比较状语从句，意为“像一样”学以致用指出下列各句中 as 的含义You must try to hold the tool as I do. 按照Just as we sweep our rooms, we should
58、 sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如，就像As I left the house, I remembered the key. 当时候As time went on/by, she became more and more beautiful. 随着 As youre not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然，由于I dont speak English as well as she does. 和一样Tired as they were, they walked on. 虽然素养达标迁移创新. 语境填词根
59、据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。1.She was faced with a new job, in unfamiliar surroundings （环境） with strange people.2.Her position in the party has strengthened （加强） in recent weeks.3.He was always optimistic （乐观的）, even when things were at their worst.4.His experience abroad provides a wider perspective （角度） on
60、the problem.5.A fifth year of drought is expected to have dramatic （巨大的） effects on the economy.6.He wanted to introduce mature （成熟的） people with leadership qualities.7.These things will help you gain （获得） a better understanding of how real objects work.8.The department has been shrinking year by ye
61、ar because of budget （预算） cuts.9.The expert said it is still not possible to predict the ultimate outcome （结果）.10.We need a new angle （角度） for our next advertising campaign. 语境选词根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。generally speaking; as far as I know; in summary; contribute to; side with; cost an arm and a leg; coope
62、rate with; all in all; as far as I am concerned; apply for1.Eating in the restaurants on this street will cost an arm and a leg .2.I will side with you no matter what happens.3. As far as I know , they have gone abroad for further education.4. As far as I am concerned , I believe that it is a wise c
63、hoice.5. In summary , going abroad to study has many advantages.6. Generally speaking , I am very satisfied with this job.7.If you cooperate with us, you will get your medical treatment.8.He has to apply for a permit and we have to find him a job.9. All in all , I think it has been a very successful
64、 conference.10.I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 课文语法填空Studying Abroad: Is It a Good or a Bad Idea?Parents hold different opinions about students studying abroad. Wang Li, the mother of twin girls, 1. （believe） that there is no need for overseas study. As far as sh
65、e is 2. （concern）, studying abroad is a bad idea because it causes both 3. （economy）and academic pressure. 4. （additional）, with many great universities now available in China, young people who choose to study in our homeland also have a great future 5. （look）forward to. Contrary to Wangs opinion, Z
66、hang Yi, the father of a boy, argues 6. the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. He holds the view that the experience of studying abroad not only contributes to personal growth, 7. also increases chances for cultural exchange. 8. （cooperate） with people from diverse cultural backgrounds can help
67、us view the world 9. different angles and have a better understanding of our own culture. He also stresses that, in the long run, studying abroad serves as a great opportunity for young people to make contributions to the development of our motherland. Though accompanied（伴随） by many 10. （difficulty）, studying abroad is worthwhile.1. believes 2. concerned 3. economic 4. Additionally 5. to look 6. that 7. but 8. Cooperating 9. from 10. difficulties 16
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