1、Unit 2 Healthy eatingPart Grammar&Writing单元语法解析 Grammar情态动词()一、概念情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示“可以”“需要”“应该”等意义。二、基本用法1ought to 与 ought not to 的用法(1)ought to“应当，应该”，其后必须跟动词原形。只有一种形式，没有人称和时态变化。它可以表示“有义务或责任”做某事，语气比较强，也可以表示“建议或劝告”，还可以表示“猜测；期望”等。We ought to protect wild animals from being hu
2、nted.我们应该保护野生动物免受猎杀。You ought to work harder than your brother.你应该比你哥哥学习更努力。That ought to be enough food for all of us.那些食物应该够我们吃的吧。(2)ought to 的否定形式为 ought not to 或 oughtnt to，其一般疑问句形式是将 ought 置于主语前。You ought not to/oughtnt to be late for such an important meeting.如此重要的会议，你不应该迟到。Ought I to hand in
3、my composition now?我应该现在交上作文吗？关键点拨 should 与 ought to 表示“应该”时的区别：should 表示自己的主观看法，而 ought to 语气重，含有“按道理应该”之意；如要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一般用 ought to。You should help them with their study.你应该帮助他们学习。You are his father.You ought to help him to get a good education.你是他的父亲，你应该帮助他得到好的教育。2need 与 neednt 的用法need 意为：需
4、要，既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但是它们的用法不同。(1)need 作情态动词时：没有人称和数的变化；后接动词原形；常用于否定句或疑问句中；否定式为 need not/neednt。Theres plenty of time.You neednt drive so fast.时间很充足，你不必开这么快。We neednt hurry,for theres plenty of time.我们没必要匆忙，因为还有充足的时间。Need I go now?Yes,you must./No,you neednt.现在我需要去吗？是的，你必须去。/不，你没必要去。(2)need 作实义动词时，有动
5、词的各种形式的变化，可用于一切句式，其宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词 do/does 或 did。I need to get up early tomorrow.我明天需要早起。The bike needs repairing.The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。(3)neednt have done 表示“本没有必要做某事(却做了)”。You neednt have watered the flowers,for it is going to rain.你本来不必浇花的，因为就要下雨了。3have to
6、 与 dont have to 的用法(1)have to 表示客观上的必要性，意为：不得不；它有多种时态变化形式，其疑问式和否定式通过添加助动词 do/does/did 构成。have to 与 have got to 常可以互换。Mother is out,so I have to look after the shop.妈妈出去了，因此我不得不照看商店。Do you have to stay in that room for so long?你必须待在那个房间里那么久吗？关键点拨 have to 表示一种客观的需要，而 must 表示一种主观的需要。此外，must 还表示“偏要”“非得”
7、的意思。I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。You must obey the rules of your school.你必须遵守你们学校的规则。(2)dont have to 表示没有义务或必要做某事，意为“不必”，常可以回答 must 提问的疑问句。而 must 的否定式 mustnt 主要指说话人主观的命令或强烈的劝告。They dont have to buy a computer at present.他们目前没有必要买电脑。You mustnt tell him the se
8、cret.你不能告诉他这个秘密。Must we hand in our homework this afternoon?No,you dont have to.(No,you neednt.)我们必须今天下午交作业吗？不，不必。4情态动词have done“情态动词have done”表示对过去事情的推测。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表：can/could have done(1)过去可能(表推测)(2)本能做而未做(表虚拟)should/ought to have done 本该做而未做may/might have done(1)过去也许做了(表推测)(2)本可能做而未做(表虚拟)must
9、have done一定已经做了neednt have done本不必做而做了They could have sent up the satellite successfully.他们本来有能力成功发射这颗卫星的。You ought to/should have been more careful.你本应该更小心一些的。Mary might have learned some Chinese before.玛丽以前可能已学过一些中文了。From what you said,she must have told you the truth.从你所说的来看，她一定把真相告诉你了。I neednt h
10、ave cooked so much food.Nobody was hungry.我不该做这么多吃的。大家都不饿。请做：随堂巩固验收语法对接高考 用适当的情态动词填空1My room is a mess,but I _ clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.解析 句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它，我可以早晨打扫。设空处表示不必，所以用 neednt。答案 neednt2I love the weekend,because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Su
11、ndays.解析 句意：我爱周末，因为在周六和周日我不必早起。neednt 表示不必。答案 neednt3Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really _ go now.My daughter is home alone.解析 句意：难道你不能再多逗留一会儿吗？时间不早了。我确实得走了。我的女儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。根据上下文可知，答案为 must(必须)。答案 must4I _ have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here ar
12、e very friendly to me.解析 句意：在我来这所学校之前，我本没必要担心，因为这儿的同学们对我很友好。本题考查情态动词，neednt have done“本没有必要做某事”。答案 neednt5Ive ordered some pizza,so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.解析 句意：我已经预订了一些比萨饼，所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知答案为 neednt。答案 neednt话题写作指导 Writing英文广告广告是说明文的一种，是为了某一特定的需要，通过一定
13、形式向公众传递信息的手段。一则完整的广告通常包括标题、正文、广告语，有时还包括插图说明等。一、基本格式1标题语言要精练，在广告中要凸显出最主要的功能，它必须能引起读者的好奇心，吸引读者的注意力。2正文主要对商品的名称、性能、功效、价格等进行符合客观事实的描述，增加说服性。重点突出对产品特点和亮点的介绍。3结尾说明商品的销售地址和联系方式。二、常用词句1Would you like to.?2The best service is guaranteed.3This kind of computer is of good quality.4All the common families can a
14、fford to buy one.It controls mostly by itself,so it is very easy to operate.5It is convenient to carry,for it is small and light.6Whats more,the prices of them are very reasonable.7Once you have one of this kind，youll enjoy it very much.8There are many kinds of food served in the restaurant,which ar
15、e very delicious.9 For further/more information,please call/telephone.,contact.写作提示假设你的一位朋友在杭州开了一家名为“陶园”的饭店，请你为他写一则英语广告以吸引来自国外的游客。广告应包括以下要点：1饭店提供丰富多样的中国食物；2食物美味可口，营养均衡；3用餐环境好；4服务质量高。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：东坡肉 DongPo Pork写作要点1第一段：开门见山，写出广告的目的；2第二段：具体介绍广告的内容；3第三段：饭店具体的位置及对顾客的欢迎。经典范文Once_t
16、asted，always loved.Taoyuan Restaurant is the_home_of good food.We provide delicious Chinese dishes and our specialties include DongPo Pork.We also offer_a_variety_of other Chinese traditional foods with tasty flavors.A balanced diet in our restaurant will give you enough energy as_well_as fiber.This
17、_is_a_fun_place_to eat,especially at lunchtime when_its_filled_with_people，locals and tourists alike,which_gives_the_place a lively atmosphere.Good service is guaranteed.Our restaurant is situated by the lakeside with great views of Hangzhous famous site.Why_not_pay_us_a_visit？精彩点评这篇文章是广告题材的写作，要点齐全，
18、符合广告特点。本篇文章中还使用了广告中常用的句型，如：Once tasted;the home of;offer a variety of.;as well as;This is a fun place to.;guarantee 等。when its filled with people.when 引导时间状语从句。.,which gives the place.which 引导非限制性定语从句。why not pay us a visit？委婉提出建议。请根据以下内容为日照渔村的家庭旅馆(household hotels)写一则广告。词数 100 左右。价格单人间 30 元/天；双人间 5
19、0 元/天；餐费 20 元/人/天饮食 和住户一起吃中餐；可点菜，也可以自己做饭活动 海水浴、旅游、登山，不付工资的温室劳动补充 近距离了解中国，还可以感受到家庭的气氛24 小时垂询电话：063352529988答案Welcome to fishermens household hotels in Rizhao.The household hotel is nice to stay in.Not only can you learn about China clearly,but you can also feel at home as well by dining with the fami
20、ly for only 20 yuan a day.Of course you can cook by yourself if the menu doesnt meet your need.It is really cheap to live in a single room for 30 yuan a day and a double room for 50 yuan each.You can bathe and swim in the sea,climb the hill and do unpaid jobs in the greenhouse if youd like to.For more information,please call 063352529988 at any time.