1、增分强化练(二十四)阅读理解2语法填空短文改错书面表达(限时60分钟).阅读理解ASharon Okpoe has lived her entire 17 years in Makoko, known as the worlds largest “floating slum (贫民窟)”， built on a lake in Lagos, Nigeria.Okpoes father is a fisherman, and her mother sells smoked fish.As many as twothirds of the citys 21 million residents li
2、ve in slums.“Most girls are trapped in a terrible cycle of poverty.Many of them are not thinking of education, a plan for the future，” Abisoye AjayiAkinfolarin, a computer programmer in Lagos, recalls.But several times a week, girls like Okpoe get a glimpse of another world when they attend GirlsCod
3、ing, a free program run by the Pearls Africa Foundation that seeks to educate and excite girls about computer programming.Since 2012, the group has helped more than 400 disadvantaged girls gain the technical skills and confidence they need to transform their lives.Its the vision of AjayiAkinfolarin,
4、 who left a successful career to devote herself to this work.Shed noticed how few women worked in this growing fielda 2013 government survey found that less than 8% of Nigerian women were employed in technology jobs.She wanted to fix the gender gap.“Technology is a space thats dominated by men.Why s
5、hould we leave that to guys？” she said.“I believe girls need opportunities.”Now, dozens of girls aged 10 to 17 get trained in computer programming technology.“I believe you can still find diamonds in these places，” AjayiAkinfolarin said.“They need to be shown another life.” One way her program does
6、this is by taking the students to visit tech companiesnot only showing them what technology can do, but also helping them visualize themselves joining the industry.Okpoe, for one, has taken this to heart.She helped create an app called Makoko Fresh that went live this summer, enabling fishermen like
7、 her father to sell seafood directly to customers.She even wants to become a software engineer and hopes to study computer science at Harvard.“One thing I want my girls to hold onto is, regardless of where they are coming from, that they can make it，” Ajayi said.“They are coders.They are thinkers.Th
8、eir future is bright.” 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了AjayiAkinfolarin在贫民窟中教女孩们计算机编程技术，向她们展示另一种生活。1What can we learn about GirlsCoding?AIt encourages girls to land a job in education.BIt offers Nigerian girls in need parttime jobs.CIt helps girls working in Lagos to fight poverty.DIt teaches girls in Makoko comp
9、uter programming.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But several times a week, girls like Okpoe get a glimpse of another world when they attend GirlsCoding, a free program run by the Pearls Africa Foundation that seeks to educate and excite girls about computer programming.(但是每周都有好几次，像Okpoe这样的女孩参加GirlsCoding，这是一个由珍珠非洲
10、基金会运营的免费项目，旨在教育和激发女孩们对计算机编程的兴趣)”可知，GirlsCoding在Makoko教女孩计算机编程。故选D项。答案：D2What did AjayiAkinfolarin say about the growing field in Paragraph 3?AMen could do far better in technology jobs.BGirls should get equal work opportunities.CMen normally got paid more than women.DGirls tended to devote themselve
11、s to work.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段，AjayiAkinfolarin注意到在这个不断发展的领域工作的女性很少，她想要弥补性别差异，尤其是“I believe girls need opportunities.(我认为女孩需要机会)”，说明了在男性主导的这个不断发展的领域中，女孩应该得到平等的工作机会。故选B项。答案：B3What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 4 mean?ARebuilding the girls confidence.BTraining the girls to find diamonds.CPresen
12、ting a different life to the girls.DTaking the girls to technology companies.解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句“One way her program does this is by taking the students to visit tech companiesnot only showing them what technology can do, but also helping them visualize themselves joining the industry.(她做这个的计划的一种方
13、法是通过带领学生访问科技公司不仅教他们技术能做什么，还帮助他们想象自己加入这个行业)”可知，指示代词this指代上文的内容，上一句AjayiAkinfolarin所说的话中“They need to be shown another life.(需要向她们展示另一种生活)”可推断出，this指的是给女孩们带来不同的生活。故选C项。答案：C4What can we infer about Okpoe from the last paragraph?AShe got fishermen to benefit from her app.BShe was admitted to Harvard Uni
14、versity.CShe took her fathers suggestion to heart.DShe made some changes to computer science.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She helped create an app called Makoko Fresh that went live this summer, enabling fishermen like her father to sell seafood directly to customers.(她帮助开发了一款名为Makoko Fresh的应用，该应用于今年夏天上线，让像她父亲这
15、样的渔民可以直接向客户销售海鲜)”可知，她让渔民们受益于她的应用程序。故选A项。答案：ABA new paper published today in Environmental Research Letters has some sobering news for people living in the lower 48 states: you may be at risk from river flooding and not even know it until the waters start to rise.In fact, the study, Estimates of pres
16、ent and future flood risk in the conterminous United States, found that 41 million US. residentsabout 13 percent of the entire population of the study areaare at risk from flooding along rivers. Thats about three times more than current estimates based on the flood maps produced by the Federal Emerg
17、ency Management Agency (FEMA), which primarily map the areas at risk for 1 in 100year floods in populous river basins.Why the big difference? As always, its all about the data.Generally, FEMA prioritizes riskassessment areas based on their population: reserving expensive, fieldwork intensive methodo
18、logies for the more populous river basins, adopting more approximate methodologies in others, and many rivers have not yet been mapped at all.The sheer size of the US. means that flood maps generated in this way are incompleteit would be too expensive and timeconsuming to survey every river basin in
19、 America. The nationalscale flood maps produced by FEMA therefore form a patchy mosaic of local assessments that leave about 40 percent of the country and its flood risk unaccounted for.For this research, scientists from the Nature Conservancy adopted a pioneering methodology that avoids the pitfall
20、s of the FEMA approachwhere individual_catchments are studiedby making use of big data. The study used a new highresolution model, produced by the floodmapping organization Fathom, which simulates floods on all rivers across the entire continental United States.“We were all surprised by how many peo
21、ple are actually exposed to freshwater flooding in the US.” said Oliver Wing, lead researcher on the study and a PhD student at the University of Bristol. “Its particularly worrisome considering that most of these people arent even aware of the risk they face. This study helps fill that critical inf
22、ormation gap.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项旨在提高居住在较低湖区的美国人的洪灾意识的研究。5. What led to the big error of the estimate by FEMA?AIts large population.BThe big size of the country.CIts primitive statistical methods. DIts ignorance of less populous rivers.解析：细节理解题。第二段讲到现在的这项研究发现美国有四千一百万居民面临被湖水淹没的危险，这个人数是FEMA估算的三倍。根据第四
23、段可知，FEMA估算的人数少，源于它只算了人口密集的河流，而人口稀少的河流地区没有被算入。答案：D6What does the underlined part individual catchments in Paragraph 6 refer to?AThe nationalscale flood maps.BThe less populous river basins.CPeople unware of the coming risk.DAreas most at risk from river floods.解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段的第一句可知，现在的这项研究弥补了FEMA绘制的洪水
24、地图遗漏了近一半的河流的不足，这说明现在的这项研究将人口稀少的河流地区也算在内。据此可推知，individual catchments此处指“人口稀少的河流盆地”。答案：B7What does Oliver Wing think of the study?AIt amazes all Americans. BIt helps those suffering from floods.CIt deepens peoples awareness of floods. DIt rids people of their worries about floods.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句可
25、知，Oliver Wing的话表明这项研究将有助于提高人们的洪灾意识。答案：C8What is the passage mainly about?AA research on the risk of river flooding.BThe rising threats of coastal flooding.CUnpredictable threats caused by climate change.DReasons for peoples unawareness of risk.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了一项洪水风险的研究，故选A。答案：A.语法填空The
26、 Palace Museum, also known as the Forbidden City (紫禁城)，is a muchvisited and muchphotographed tourist 1.attraction (attract)This Chinese palace with a history of about 600 years receives millions of visits every year and lots of TV programs 2.have_showed (show) the place in recent years.However, it s
27、till 3.has (have) secrets, and a new program designed to explore those unknown areas and the stories within is set to show the palace in a new light.The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast its first episode (一集) on Beijing TV and online streaming media site, , on November 9.That first epis
28、ode won wide acceptance from audiences and was thought highly 4.of on D.“It brings many elements (元素) together, and everything in the show is 5.perfectly (perfect) matched and turns out amazing.” said 6.an online user.“It brings me the thrill I felt when I stepped into the Palace Museum for the firs
29、t time.”In each onehourlong episode, the actors and actresses switch between playing guides and historical figures 7.including (include) emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty(16441911)They focus on areas 8.that/which are still not accessible to the public and the stories surrounding
30、them.In the show, the actors and actresses are also joined by designers who will create 9.products (product) based on 10.what they see.The most popular ones, based on an online vote, are to be turned into souvenirs (纪念品) for sale.短文改错As it is known to all, the Great Wall is the most famous places of
31、 interest in China.Everybody wants to go there, but I am no exception.Then, this summer vacation, the day I have been looking forward to coming at last.I got up very early that day and set off with my brother Tim followed behind.After two hours bus ride, we arrived at what looked like the large mark
32、et, which there were millions of people talking, pushing and photographing.At that, my enthusiasm immediate disappeared.Indeed, the Great Wall is really something must be experienced with a little ease and privacy. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者和Tim在暑假一起去长城参观游玩的经历。1解析：考查非限制性定语从句。as引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，因此it是多余的，as
33、is known to all意为“众所周知”。故将it去掉。答案：第一句去掉it2解析：考查名词。句子主语是the Great Wall ，应使用单数名词指代它。故将places改为place。答案：第一句placesplace3解析：考查连词。句意：每个人都想去，当然我也不例外。前后的两个简单句是并列关系。故将but改为and。答案：第二句butand4解析：考查动词的时态。句意：我一直盼望的那一天终于来了。这一天来临已经是过去，一直盼望发生在来之前，即过去的过去，因此应使用过去完成进行时。故将have改为had。答案：第三句havehad5解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，I ha
34、ve been looking forward to是定语成分，修饰the day，come是主句的谓语动词，这一天已经到了，陈述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故将coming改为came。答案：第三句comingcame6解析：考查with的复合结构。在这个结构中，follow是Tim发出的动作，它们之间是主谓关系，因此使用现在分词作宾语补足语。故将followed改为following。答案：第四句followedfollowing7解析：考查冠词。此处意为“一个看起来像是市场的地方”。因为是首次提到，而且不是特指，且large是以辅音音素开头。故将the改为a。答案：第五句thea8解析
35、：考查定语从句的引导词。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文market，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故将which改为where或在which前加in。答案：第五句whichwhere或在which前加in9解析：考查副词。修饰动词disappeared需要使用副词作状语，故将immediate改为immediately。答案：第六句immediateimmediately10解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，something是定语从句的先行词，从句缺主语，因此使用关系代词that，并且不能省略。故在something后加that。答案：第七句somethin
36、g后加that.书面表达假定你是李华，你校将要举办风筝节。请给你的英国朋友Harry写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：1活动的时间、地点；2活动内容。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文Dear Harry，Im writing to invite you to celebrate the Kite Festival on our school playground, which will be a feast for your eyes.The festival lasts two days, from April 11 to 12, during which ti
37、me a wide variety of kites will be on display.Besides, some kite experts will make kites on the spot, so you can get handson experience and know about the theory of kite flying.The most exciting moment should be when you are flying kites.Seeing the flying kites in the sky will relax your eyes and clear your mind.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua