1、Unit 5 Canada“The True North”Learning about Language语法精讲探究学习同位语从句【情境探究】观察上面对话,并用适当的引导词填空。1.Although I was attracted by this drama,we should know the fact _ it is not real.2.The problem _ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once.3.I have some doubts _ he is suitable for the
2、job.4.I palmed him off with the excuse _ I had no money.thatwhenwhetherthat【要义详析】一、同位语从句的连接词1.连接词that和whether*The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。*Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。【名师点津
3、】连接词在句子中只起连接作用,不充当从句中的任何成分,也不缺少意义时,用that且不能省略;缺少“是否”意义时,用whether,此时不能用if。【即学活用】用适当的连接词填空。(1)(2019全国卷)While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(2)(2018天津高考)The possibility _ there is life on other planets in t
4、he universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.thatthat2.连接代词和连接副词连接代词what,who,whom,which等和连接副词when,where,why,how等,在句子中既起连接作用又充当句子成分。*Have you any idea what time it starts?你知道什么时候开始吗?*I have no idea why the driver makes phone call when driving.我不知道为什么司机开车时会打电话。*Our teacher gav
5、e us some advice on how we should use the computer.老师给了我们一些如何使用电脑的建议。【名师点津】关于分离同位语从句有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开。*A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother.我突然产生了一个温暖的想法用零花钱为妈妈买些花。【知识延伸】同位语从句的翻译方法:可以直接翻译在所修饰词后面。放在所修饰的名词前面,充当定语。译成独立句子:先翻译主句,然后用“就是”或者“
6、即”引导出同位语从句,或者把同位语从句译成独立的句子,由冒号或破折号引出。用代词指代:先把同位语从句中的内容翻译出来,在后面用“这”或“那”等代词复指它,参加句子主体的构成。译成宾语:把同位语从句修饰的名词转译成动词,而把同位语从句译成宾语。二、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在某些表示建议、命令、要求、希望(suggestion,advice,demand,command,request,order,wish)等词后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。*The suggestion that the new rule(should)be adop
7、ted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。*They expressed the wish that she accept the award.他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。【即学活用】语法填空。(1)She made a request that the doctor _(send)for at once.(2)The order soon came that all citizens _(stay)in the village because of COVID-19.(3)Daniels and Franklin concurred in an in
8、vestigators suggestion that the police _(commend).(should)be sent(should)stay(should)be commended三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别区别角度同位语从句定语从句语法角度(that功能)连词,起连接作用,不充当句子成分关系代词,起连接作用,充当句子成分(主、宾)语义角度(与前面名词的关系)同位关系,说明名词具体内容,逻辑上主表关系所属关系,限定名词范围,修饰与被修饰关系that省略角度一般不能省略,不可用which作宾语时可省略,指物时可用which代替区别角度同位语从句定语从句先行词抽象名词:news;i
9、dea;word;fact;hope;doubt;possibility;belief;problem;information;question;thought;promise;message;decision;answer等不受限制*I hate the fact that he told me.我讨厌他告诉我的事实。(定语从句)*I hate the fact that he always tells lies.我讨厌他总是说谎这个事实。(同位语从句)【巧学助记】同位语从句用法口诀同位语从句似“定从”,两种句式有异同;从句均在名词后,定“限”同“释”要分清;定从“that”宾可省,同位从句
10、“that”不可省。【即学活用】指出画线句子的属性。(1)Titanic is the ship that sank into the ocean.()(2)He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.()(3)The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.()(4)The news that you told us is really encouraging.()定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句课时检测素养达标.选词填空(that/whether/w
11、hat/when/why)1.Every one knows the fact _ he who devotes himself will gain much victory.2.At the beginning,I really have some doubt _ you can help me.3.Up to now,no one can solve the problem _ we can go home.thatwhetherwhen4.And this ambition may be due to the fact _ Chinas young people are now more
12、 confident about their own culture.5.The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.6.This is the excuse _ you are so hard on me.7.We have some doubt _ he can finish the work by himself.8.Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?9.
13、Ive heard a whisper _ David and Healther are getting married.thatthatwhywhetherwhatthat.单句改错1.The fact where the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.()2.We dont understand the problem that this is the best choice.()3.They were faced with the demand that the thief is punished.()4.He has told u
14、s a fact if drinking too much does harm to our health.()where thatthatwhyisbeifthat5.The news where we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.()6.Do you have a doubt that she will be dismissed from school?()7.We are glad at the news which he will come.()8.I have no idea that they will be back and
15、 settle down.()9.There is no doubt if he will succeed.()10.Tom got a message from Mr Smith there would be a test soon.()wherethatthatwhetherwhichthatthatwhenifthat在there前面添加that【语法主题应用】请使用本单元学过的同位语从句和其他重点语块,就2020年5月份李克强总理在全国政协会议上的讲话做一个听后感悟。要点如下:1.今天我要与大家分享的一个消息是,我认真聆听了李克强总理的讲话,且感悟颇深。2.过去的一年,虽面临诸多挑战,
16、但是我们整体平稳这个事实令人宽慰。3.“不忘初心,牢记使命”主题教育开展扎实,大家皆能看到一派干事敬业,追求卓越的可喜景象。4.作为学生,我们要明确,加强科学知识的学习尤为重要。期待早日投入到国家的现代化建设中来。【参考范文】Today,what I want to share with you is a message that I listened to the speech of Premier Li Keqiang and much more inspiration is showing as well.I have come to the awareness that althoug
17、h faced with various challenges in the past year,we have remained stable overall,which is a great comfort for all.The theme instruction that remaining true to our original aspiration and keeping our mission firmly in mind has been developing stably,and we can spot a situation where the mass are working harder,pursuing higher and better.As a student,we should make it clear that strengthening the study of knowledge and science is more important.By the way,we are waiting for the day when we can be engaged in the modernization construction of our motherland.