1、高二英语科组 王春城Unit 1 A land of diversityTeaching goals:1. Ability goalsEnable the students to talk about the history of California.2. Learning ability goals Enable the students learn how to talk about the history of California. Teaching important points Enable the students learn how to talk about the im
2、portant events in Californian history.Teaching difficult pointsEnable the students to explain the reasons why California is such a multicultural community in the 21st century.Teaching methodsSkimming, scanning and discussion.Teaching aidsa computer, a projectorTeaching procedures Step 1: Lead-inIntr
3、oduce some knowledge about the USA1. The American flag is known as “the Stars and Stripes”. 50 stars each representing one state 13 stripes the original 13 statesRed courageWhite freedomBlue loyalty and justice2. Which city is known as the “Big Apple”?A. New York B. Chicago C. Los Angeles3. When is
4、American Independence Day?A. June 4th B. July 4th C. August 14th 4. Which state is the largest one in the US? A. New York B. Texas C. California D. Florida 5. _ has the largest population in the USA.A. California B. AlaskaC. Washington D. Texas6. _ is the first president of the USA.A. Thomas Jeffers
5、on B. John Adams C. George Washington D. Abraham Lincoln 7. The USA lies in the south of North America. It is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. The northern land neighbor is Canada, and south of it is Mexico.8. some cities in the USAStep 2: Reading1. Native AmericansTime: 15,00
6、0 years agoWhere they came from: from Asia (by means of)What happened to them in the sixteenth century?They were killed by Europeans / were forced into slavery / died from the disease / survived the terrible times2. SpanishFill in the form: (an important even)16th century: Spanish soldiers arrived,
7、fought and took their land18th century: California was ruled by Spainin 1821: California became part of Mexicoin 1846: the United States declared war on Mexico3. Russians & Gold minersDo some T or F questions:In the early 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California.In 1848, before the Americ
8、an-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. A lot of adventurers achieved their dream of becoming rich. California become the thirty-first state of the United states of American in 18504. Later arrivalsLater arrivals Chinese began to arrive during the 11. _ Period, and even more came in the 1
9、860s. Italians, mainly 12. _ but also wine makers, arrived in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from 13. _ established a town of their own. In the 1920s the film industry boom attracted many Europeans including many 14. _ people. Japanese 15. _ began arriving in California in the early 20th
10、century, and a lot more have settled there since the 1980s. Africans have been living in California since the 16. _, and more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the 17. _ and aircraft industries.5. Recent arrivals In recent decades, more people have come to California from 18. _, including Kor
11、eans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since the 1970s, 19. _ and Pakistanis have been attracted to California by its 20. _ industry.Step 3: Discussion Why is California such a multicultural community? What problems do you think might arise?Step 4: Homework1. Underline the useful expressions 2.
12、workbookUnit 2 Cloning The First PeriodWarming Up, Pre-reading and Readinga. 重点词汇和短语 clone，commercial，producer，undertake，arbitrary，object，forbid，accumulate，cast down， object to，the media，in favour ofb. 重点句子It is a way of. The fact is that.The question that occurred is.1. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the
13、 students to describe cloning: What is the advantages of cloning？ What is the problems or dangers of cloning？What is your opinion of cloning？Teaching important points 教学重点How to describe cloning.Teaching difficult point 教学难点Help the students analyze the writing techniques of the article.Teaching met
14、hods 教学方法Skimming, task-based method and debate method.Teaching aids 教具准备A recorder, a projector and some slides.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式Step I Lead-inThis topic is difficult for students. So teacher should help the students learn more about it. Do this in the way of asking and answering q
15、uestions.T: You can imagine how rapidly the modern science and technology develop. I think most of you must know something about space traveling, submarine exploration, robot, maglev train, gene engineering etc. But in recent years, a hot topic, cloning is often mentioned, especially when the clonin
16、g Dolly the sheep appeared. You may have first heard of cloning when Dolly the Sheep showed up on the scene in 2019. Cloning technologies have been around for much longer thanDolly, though. First things first, what is cloning and a clone? The dictionary says cloning is the technique of producing a g
17、enetically identical duplicate of an organism. A clone is said to be all descendants derived asexually from a single individual, as by cuttings, bulbs, by fission, by mitosis, or by parthenogenesis reproduction. It sounds very different and complicated to us. In fact, I mean, in our daily life, this
18、 happens often. For example, gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. You often see that your mother picks a small branch from a growing plant to make a new one. If she likes this kind of flowers, she can do cloning. Cloning also happens in animals or human beings when twins ide
19、ntical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is more complicated. The possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep Dolly, arou
20、sed worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. You can give your questions if you are interested in this topic. I am here today one of the scientists who work in this field. I am ready to answer any of your questions.S: Now we know what is cloning. Are there d
21、ifferent types of cloning?T: When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different types of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another org
22、anism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2)
23、reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning.S: Was Dolly created by what cloning? And why was Dolly so important?T: Reproductive cloning is a technology used to generate an animal that has the same nuclear DNA as another currently or previously existing animal. Dolly was created by reproductiv
24、e cloning technology. She was the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA taken from an adult cell. Previously, animals had only been cloned using embryo cells which already have the potential to become a complete embryo in its own right. The big breakthrough with Dolly was tomake a clone from an o
25、rdinary, adult cell in this case from a female goats udder.S: Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this feature film, scientists use DNA preserved for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expecte
26、d. Could we really clone dinosaurs.T: In theory? Yes. What would you need to do this? A well-preserved source of DNA from the extinct dinosaur, and a could serve as a surrogate mother. In reality?Probably not. Its not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. However, sc
27、ientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from well-preserved tissue samples.More questions about cloning are given in the appendix. The information above is for reference only. Or you can choose several students and ask them to act out a short play whose main
28、 topic is as follows:An old man who was dying left all his fortune to his own son. But the did not know that his son was cloned. So two same young men both claimed that they were the old mans son. They quarreled and fought with each other; at last they went to the judge. The judge let them check DNA
29、. The result was that their DNA was the same. Now even the judge did not know what to do.In this part the teacher can give the students some advice to act out. According to this play teacher ask the students several questions:1. Do you want to be cloned or not? Why?2. If you are the judge what will
30、you do?3. Can you tell me the advantages of cloning?4. And what is the disadvantage?Look at picturesT: Look at the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man made. Then explain how they differ.S: I think the twins are natural clones and the Dolly sheep is man-made. T:
31、You are right! Can you explain how they differ?S: The twins were born at the same time, but the Dolly sheep is man-made. T: Anything else? Who want have a try?S: I think the identical dog is man-made. T: Good JobStep II Pre-readingBefore class, ask the students to search for some information about t
32、his topic. Now show your questions on the screen, and then let them discuss with each other.T: Now please work in pairs and discuss about cloning. Then list the questions you want to find out. Share your list with your partner.Ss: Yes, sir / madam. Questions about cloning:1. What is a clone?2. How i
33、s a clone produced?3. What benefits can humans gain from cloning?4. What problems may arise when humans are cloned? Should we clone human?5 Could cloning replace sex as the means of creating new human life?6Could a parent clone a child who is dying of a terminal illness? After a few minutes.T: Do yo
34、u have other questions? Volunteer! S: I have! What is the writers opinion?T: Good job! I think many of you have questions, now let us read the article with the questions.Step III While- readingGet the students to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the students form a go
35、od habit of reading.T: Have you not the answers of your questions? Now please skim the passage fast to obtain a general understanding of the whole passage into several parts and find out the main idea of each part.Show the following.Para. 1 Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal
36、and plant. Para. 2 Cloning has two major uses.Para. 3 The problems of Dolly. Para. 4 The effect of Dolly.Para. 5 It is forbidden to clone human being.Step IV Post-readingAsk the students to read the passage again to finish three tasks.T: Now lets listen to them. While listening, pay more attention t
37、o the correct pronunciation and tone. Then read the text by yourselves to get the answers to the three tasks. You can work in groups.T: First, What are the problems or dangers of cloning?S: Let me have a try! First, the cloned animals have the same illness of old animals and the same goes with the o
38、ther species. Second, the cloned animals have short life and can cause moral questions.T: You are right! And what are the advantages of cloning?S: I know! Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and
39、 for medical research on animals. Thirdly, it suddenly opens everyones eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses, and even producing human beings.T: What is the writers opinion? What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage? Is it in favour of clonin
40、g or against is?S1: I think the writer is in favour of it, because there are many advantages of cloning. It can help people solve many problems in our daily life.T: Good job! Yes, if we our human beings use the scientific technology properly it can bring many advantages to us!S: Why did Dollys appea
41、rance raise a storm of objections and have a great impact on the media and public imagination?T: Because nothing really prepared the world for the 2019 announcement that a group of Scottish scientists had created a cloned sheep named Dolly. Many folks believe that within the next decade, we will hea
42、r a more shocking announcement of the first cloned human. Scientists in South Korea have already created human embryonic stem cells through cloning. Until now, the idea of human cloning has only been possible through movie magic, but the natural progression of science is making human cloning a true
43、possibility. Weve cloned sheep, mice and cows, so why not humans? ExplanationT: Now lets deal with some language points. Turn to page 11. Lets look at the sentence: It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant. 全句汉语意思:它是一种精确复制另 一个动物或植物的方式。Here a way of means a manner of 一种的方式。T: T
44、urn to page 12. Look at the 8th line. Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. In this sentence, raise means lead. (引起/导 致)。全句意思是：多利的出现引起一场反对风暴，并且对媒体和公众思想产生了很大的冲 击。T: Turn to page 12. Look at the sentence: However, scientists still wo
45、nder whether cloning willhelp or harm us and where it is leading us. “whether cloning will help or harm us”, “where it is leading us” is the objects of the word “wonder” 全句意思是：科学家一直致力于研究克隆到底 会有助于我们还是会伤害我们，它们将我们引向何方。Step V HomeworkAsk the students to do the following.1. Complete the exercises on page
46、 13.2. Recite the key sentences in the text.3. What is Cloning? You might not believe it, but there are human clones among us right now. Have you ever wished you could have a clone of yourself to do homework while you hit the skate park or went out with your friends? Imagine if you could really do t
47、hat. Where would you start?Unit 2 Cloning Vocabulary and Useful ExpressionsAims:1. Enable the Ss to grasp the words of cloning.2. Get the Ss to master some useful expressions.Contents:1. differ v.1) “To be dissimilar or unlike in nature, quality, amount, or form” eg：Ambition differs from greed.2) “T
48、o be of a different opinion; disagree”eg：The critic differed with the author on several facts.2. exact adj. “Strictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality” eg：an exact account; an exact replica; your exact words.3. commercial adj. 1) “Of or relating to commerce” 2)
49、 “Engaged in commerce eg：a commercial loan; a commercial attach; a commercial trucker.4. straightforward adj. 1) “honest 2) “easy to understand”eg: a explanation; written in language; a problem in algebra5. procedure n.1) A manner of proceeding; a way of performing or effecting something eg：complain
50、ed to the manager, and by this procedure got the money back.3. Get the Ss to master some useful expressions.Contents:6. differ v.3) “To be dissimilar or unlike in nature, quality, amount, or form” eg：Ambition differs from greed.4) “To be of a different opinion; disagree”eg：The critic differed with t
51、he author on several facts.7. exact adj. “Strictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality” eg：an exact account; an exact replica; your exact words.8. commercial adj. 1) “Of or relating to commerce” 2) “Engaged in commerce eg：a commercial loan; a commercial attach; a
52、commercial trucker.9. straightforward adj. 1) “honest 2) “easy to understand”eg: a explanation; written in language; a problem in algebra10. procedure n.1) A manner of proceeding; a way of performing or effecting something eg：complained to the manager, and by this procedure got the money back.2) “A
53、series of steps taken to accomplish an end”11. undertake v.1) “To take upon oneself; decide or agree to do” eg：undertake a task.2) “To pledge or commit (oneself) to eg：undertake oneself to care for an elderly relative.12. breakthrough n.1) “An act of overcoming or penetrating an obstacle or restrict
54、ion.”2) A military offensive that penetrates an enemys lines of defense eg: a in cancer research13. disturb v. “break the quiet, calm and peaceeg: She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping boy.Dont the papers on my desk.14. arbitrary adj.1) “Determined by chance, whim, or impulse
55、, and not by necessity, reason”eg：stopped at the first motel we passed, an arbitrary choice; arbitrary division of the group into halves.2) “Based on or subject to individual judgment or preference”eg：The diet imposes overall calorie limits, but daily menus are arbitrary.15. altogether adv.1) “Entir
56、ely; completely; utterly”eg：lost the TV picture altogether; an altogether new approach.2) “With all included or counted; all told” eg：There were altogether 20 people at the dinner.16. objection n. “The act of objecting” eg: He has a strong to getting up early.s to the plan will be listened to sympat
57、hetically.17. media n. 媒体eg: The running for president drew the s attention.Now the press is an useful media.18. moral adj.1) “Of or concerned with the judgment of the goodness or badness” eg：moral scrutiny; a moral quandary.2) “Teaching or exhibiting goodness or correctness of character” eg：a moral
58、 lesson.19. accumulate v. “To gather or pile up”eg: By buying ten books every month, he soon d a library.Dust soon s if the room is not swept.20. forbid v.1) “To command (someone) not to do something” eg：I forbid you to go.2) “To command against the doing or use of (something); prohibit” eg：forbid s
59、moking on trains.Unit 2 Cloning Listening, Speaking and WritingTeaching Goals:1. Activate the Ss to show their opinions about the cloning2. Enable the Ss to write an article on this debate.3. Let the Ss focus on the different attitude towards cloning technology4. Teach Ss how to get specific informa
60、tion.Unit 3 Inventors and InventionsWarming Up Pre-reading, ReadingTeaching Procedures: Step1. Warming UpPurpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about the difference between a discovery and an inventionGet Ss t to guess what the invention is or who the inventor is in groupsQuestion 1:Its made of
61、plastics and metal. It looks like a small box.The invention can contact someone while you are on the move.Suggested Answer: Mobile phone.Question 2:The inventor is from America.He is one of the father of inventions. The inventor invented the bulb.Suggested Answer: Edison1. Get Ss to tell as many the
62、 inventions they know as possible in groups.2. Ask Ss to look at the pictures on P19 and answer the following questions.(1) Which of the pictures is an invention?(2) Which of the pictures is a discovery?3. Get Ss to discuss the difference between the inventions and a discovery and give a definition
63、of them and give some examples of each category.Suggested Answer:An invention is something produced for the first time through the use of imagination or ingenious thinking and experimentation.A discovery merely makes known something that already exists in nature.Step 2. Pre-readingPurpose : To get S
64、s to be aware of the connection between inventing and the scientific process.1. Let Ss work in pairs and decided what the first and most important stage is to make an invention.2. Ask Ss to finish the exercise of Pre-reading on P19 and then check the answer in pairs.Step 3. Leading-inPurpose: Arouse
65、 Ss interest in the text and encourage Ss to imagine the content of the text. Ask Ss to predict in pairs the content of the text based on the title and pictures.Step 4. Fast readingPurpose: To get Ss to have a brief understanding of the text1. Ask Ss to read the text quickly and try to get the main
66、idea of the whole text.Suggested Answer:The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a patent2. Get Ss to divide the passage and work out the main idea for each part. Part I (Para 1):The discovery of the problem of the snakes.Part II (Para
67、 23):The research on the approaches to solve the problem.Part III(Para 46):The attempts to catch the snakes. Part IV (Para 78):The requirement of getting a patent.Step 5. Intensive reading1. Ask Ss to read the text carefully and find out which paragraph or paragraphs deal with each inventing process
68、 in the passage and find the examples:Suggested Answer:StageExample in this storyParagraph1Find a problemThe snake must beremoved_ but not_hurt2Do researchLook for _ways_ of removal; the habitat of snakes3Think of a creative solutionIdentifythree_ possible approaches: choose _thelast one_4,5,6Testth
69、esolutionTry three_ times to make it work_successfully_several times7Apply for a patentThis means the solution is efficiently2. Ask Ss to work in pairs and try to tell which of the following statements are true and which are false.(1) When the writer called up her mother in the country on the phone
70、she was very excited.(2) The writer felt very proud that she had a chance to distinguish herself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them.(3) The first thing the writer tried to do was to catch the snakes.(4) The writer decided to remove the snakes habitat.(5) The writer used
71、 an ice-maker、a bowl、some jelly、ice-cubes、a bucket and a net to catch the snakes.(6) After three attempts, the writer finally caught the snakes and sent them into the wild.(7) The writer himself decided to send her invention to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.(8) The cri
72、teria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel and are really different from everybody elses.Suggested Answers:(1) F(2) T(3) F(4) F(5) T(6) T(7) F(8) T3. Ask Ss to take the quiz below and see whether Ss can grasp the details of the text.(1) Why did
73、the writer do so much trap the snakes but not hurt them ?A. Because she wanted to eat the snakes.B. Because she planned to apply for a patent.C. Because she obeyed her parents and wanted to test her new idea.D. Because they were poisonous snakes.(2) The writer set about researching the habits of sna
74、kes in order to A. know how to drive them off.B. kill them in the easiest way.C. trap them in the easiest way.D. get on well with snakes.(3) The writer placed a frozen bowl over the snakes habitats because.A. The snakes were small.B. She knew the snakes were cold-blooded animals.C. She didnt want to
75、 be bitten.D. She wanted to make the snakes passive and caught them easily.(4) Which statement is true according to the text?A. The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded catching the snakes.B. The snakes were still as active as before in the first attempt
76、.C. The writer could make a lot of money if she succeed.D. If an application for your product proves to be valid, you can get a patent immediately. .(5) According to the text, which subject do you think can be given a patent?A. A new kind of flower found by a botanist.B. A new way to make dirty .air
77、 cleanC. A new poem written by Mr. Li.D.A .new star discovered by a scientist.Suggested Answers:(1) C(2) C(3) D(4) C(5) B4. Ask Ss to read the text carefully and try to get more details from the text and then fill in the form.Thirdly,_(6)_the snakes so that they became(7)_and could be easily caughtS
78、he placed the_ _(8)bowl over the snakes habitat and the (9)_on top of the bowl and finally covered the wholething with(10)_.Time:(11) Result: The snakes were(12)active, but were still too fastand(13)_into a hole in the wall. She froze the bowl and ice-cubes again and(14)them. Thenshe covered the bow
79、l with the(15)_ Three attemptTime:(16) Result: The snakes were _(17)sleepy, but once picked up,they tried to(18)_her She repeated the earlier(19)and used a small net and (20) _carefully.Time:(21)_ Result: She collected the(22)_ snakes and(23) _themall back into the(24)_ receiving aThe steps ofFill i
80、n _(25)and file the patent(26)_ with the PatentpatentOffice.Being(27)_.Application will be published(28)_months.Suggested Answers(1) powers(2) hurt.(3)removing(4) attracting(5) using(6)cooling(7) sleepy(8) frozen(9) ice-cubes(10) a large bucket(11) two hours(12) less(13) disappeared(14) placed(15) b
81、ucket(16) Overnight;(17) very(18) bite(19) procedure(20) monitored(21) Overnight(22) passive(23) released(25) form(26) application(27) examined(28) 185. According to the form above, get Ss to retell the text.Step 6. ExtensionPurpose: To develop Sss ability to discover and solve the problems and cult
82、ivate Ss creativity and imagination.To provide a chance for Ss to apply their creative skills to real tasks.1. Ask Ss to work in groups and answer the following questions.(1) Whats the writing purpose of the writer?Suggested Answer:The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve pre
83、sent problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering and considering carefully the problems in daily life. We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.(2) What should we learn from this te
84、xt?Suggested Answer:We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a patent. We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.2. Get Ss formed in g
85、roups of four and discuss some inconveniences theyve met in their life. They must imagine an invention to solve these inconveniences. After discussion, fill in the following form. Here are some problems for Ss to choose from and Ss can choose their own problem. Remember to include one change to your
86、 invention in case it doesnt work the first time. (This can be done after class.)Problem 1: the apples growing on your apple tree are too high for you to reach them. What can you invent to pick your apples in comfort?Problem 2: You need to make a house but you only have fishing nets and many plastic
87、 bottles. How can you solve it?Problem 3: You want to catch fish but not hurt them when you do so. Design a fishing rod that will solve this problem.Patent Application Question FormName of inventionInventorsHow do you get the idea?Canyoudescribeyourinvention?(appearance/material /cost/manual, etc.)W
88、hat is its use?Other information(if necessary )Picture of invention(if necessary)Step 7. Homework1. Ask Ss to go over the reading text.2. Ask Ss to preview Learning about Language.Vocabulary and Useful ExpressionsTeaching Goals:1. To enable Ss to master key phrases and expressions2. To enable Ss to
89、learn how to use these words and expressionsTeaching Procedures: Step 1. Language studyPurpose: To train Ss listening ability and language capacity.1. Ask Ss to read the text and match Column A with Column B.Column AColumn B(1) upsetA. standard of judgment(2) distinguishB. substance that has been cr
90、ushed, rubbed, or worn to dust(3) powdersC. having force in law(4) approachD. trouble; cause( sb )to be disturbed(5) abruptlyE. make (oneself) well known; see or recognize the difference(6) validF. way; path, road(7) criteriaG. suddenly; unexpectedlySuggested Answers:(1) D(2) E(3) B(4) F(5) G(6) C(7
91、) A2. Ss are divided into small groups and have a discussion. Find out difficult words and expressions and write the words and expressions found on a piece of paper.3. Get students to display their papers by projector, and tick out the most useful words and expressions.4Explain some important senten
92、ces(1) Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them.(2) The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.(3) Only after you have had that
93、recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.(4) The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel(5) Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everybody elses.5.
94、Explain some important points(1) call up : ring up 打电话，使回忆起call back 召唤某人回来；再访；回电话call for需要，要求，接（人或物）call in邀请；请来call on拜访（人）；call at拜访（某地）call off取消Ask Ss to use the above phrases to fill in the following blanks: Lets go to the meeting together ,and Illyou.A. call onB. call atC. call upD. call for
95、 The football match wason account of the weather.A. call backB. call offC. call inD. call for As soon as he got home, heMr. Wang.A. call onB. call atC. call upD. call for The old photomemories of his childhood.A. call inB. call atC. call upD. call forSuggested Answers:AB C C(2) now and then :sometim
96、es; at times; from time to time; once a while 时而；不时I see films now and then, but not often. I like to go on a trip now and then.(3) distinguish vt.& vi. 辨别；辨认In spite of the haze he can distinguish the hill fairly. （常与 from, between 连用）区别；区分 你能区分那两个物体吗？Can you distinguish between those two objects应当
97、教育孩子分辨好坏。Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong distinguish oneself使杰出；使显出特色这个人因智慧而扬名。The man distinguish himself by his wisdom(4) sleepy 指具有“瞌睡的”，“困乏的”，“贪睡的”，一般用作表语sleep睡着的，入睡的，一般放在名词前用作定语，强调睡着不动的状态，可能睡着了， 也可能没有。Asleep 睡着的，睡熟的 该词的意思是 fall asleep,表示入睡，表示睡着的状态，一般用作 表语，有时也可作补语。Ask S
98、s to use the above phrases to fill in the following blanks: He was fastthat I couldnt wake him up. Theman is like the dead. The child was so; his head was nodding.Suggested Answers: asleep sleeping sleepy(5) abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地 拓展：abrupt adj.突然的；意外的The road is full of abrupt turns. 这路有很多急转弯。The mee
99、ting came to an abrupt. 这会议突然结束了。Our discussion was abruptly curtailed. 我们的讨论突然给缩短了。(6) convenientadj. 便利的，方便的 (不能用人作主语)Will 5 oclock be convenient for you?三点钟对你方便吗？I think it is not convenient for you right now.我想这个时候见你恐怕不大合适。(7) in the expectation that :in expectation of 预料要/会有。They closed the win
100、dows in expectation of rain.预料会下雨，他们关上了窗户。(8) Only 倒装句型only 修饰状语，置于句首时，主句要部分倒装； 如果 only 修饰句子的主语，则不用倒 装。Only in this way can you solve the problem. Only then did he realize his mistakes.Only when the war was over, did I return to my hometown.(9) Nor, not never, seldom, hardly, neither, little 等否定词置于句
101、首，表示强调也引起倒装。Nor was this all, and this was not all. Never have I been to Beijing.Step 2. ConsolidationPurpose: To consolidate the words and phrases in the text.1. Ask Ss to finish Ex1 and ex2 of Discovering useful words and expressions on P23.Listening , Speaking and WritingTeaching Procedures:Step
102、1. Listening and speaking (2) (Using Language)1. Do some preparations for Writing. Teacher may say, “Do you remember the expressions related to making telephone?”Hello, may I speak to ?Sorry. He/ she is out.Hold the line, please./ Hold on, please.Wait a minute, please./ speaking.Ill ring him/ her up
103、 again.Just a moment, please.I cant get through.2. Do more preparations for Writing. Teacher may say, “ Do you remember the expressions related to answering telephone?”3. Get Ss to form groups of three to practise speaking. One is a receptionist, another an engineer, and the third a student.situatio
104、n: A student wants to apply for a job in James Dysons company. So he brings up one of engineers to ask what kind of person he needs and the engineer answers the questions honestlyStep 2. Writing (Using Language)1. Ask Ss to discuss the following question in groups of four.Suppose you are going to ap
105、ply for a job in a company, what skills will you tell the interviewer to qualify you?2. Get Ss to write to James Dyson and begin the letter with theaddress and the date.The beginning and the ending of the letter:Dear Mr. Dyson,I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.Id be gratef
106、ul if you would consider employing me in your company.Yours sincerely,(your name)3. Get Ss to know what they should pay attention to.(1) Use the list of skills to make new paragraphs in your letter.(2) For each skill set down any experience you have had, which shows that you are a suitable person. Y
107、ou may be creative in this part of the letter.(3) Finish the letter by mentioning again the skills that you have.(4) End the letter.4. Get Ss to write the letter and exchange their articles and correct the mistakes. They are expected to assess the writing. First , students are supposed to give a gen
108、eral mark with their general impression of the writing. Then they are expected to assess the writing in the three aspects, content language, and organization. Ss have to correct the mistakes or point out the mistakes by underlining the words, phrase or sentences with Students are also expected to un
109、derline the beautiful words, phrases or sentences with “”. After the assessment, the groups will discuss how to correct the mistakes.5. The writings with the high levels will be shown on the projector so that the whole class can appreciate them.Step 3. Homework1. Ask Ss to sum up what has been learn
110、ed in this unit.2. Ask Ss to preview the next unit.Grammar and Useful StructuresTeaching Goals:1. To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: the past participle used as attribute, predicative and object complement.2. To enable Ss to know the differences between the past participle and ving f
111、ormTeaching Procedures: Step 1. PresentationIntroduce information about some inventions and discoveries using sentences in passive participle. Guide Ss to say the words which are highlighted .Show some related pictures.1. This is the telephone designed in the early time.2. Stephensons “Rocket” was t
112、he engine designed for the railways by George StephensonStep 2. Individual workGet Ss to find out the past participle used as attribute, predicative and object complement in the reading text.Part1 Line 1: When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.Part2 Line 1:
113、 The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.Part4 Line 1: I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl from the machine.Part6 Line 1: The next morning I carri
114、ed in my hand a small net used for catching fish.Step 3. Grammar pointPurpose: To get Ss to know about the past participle.1. Get Ss to complete the sentences and know about the past participle(1) The(.破损的碗)will be thrown at once.= The bottle which was broken will be will be thrown at once.(2) The b
115、ooks_last week (上周买的书 )are of high quality.= the books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.。(3) Im interested in reading novelsby luxun (.鲁迅写的).(4) (污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.(5) The problem（在会议上讨论的）yesterday was very difficult to solve.(6) He_ (很兴奋)when he heard he
116、 had won the first place in the English spoken contest.(7) He found(他的家乡变了很多)(8) What made(这只狗这样害怕)?(9) He wont like such questions(在会上讨论).Suggested Answers:(1) broken bowl(2) bought(3) written.(4) Polluted(5) discussed at the meeting(6) became excited_(7) hometown greatly changed(8) the dog so frig
117、htened(9) discussed at the meetingUnit 4Pygmalion1）An expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons Englishdecides his/her position in society.2）The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. 3）Perhaps I could even find her employment as a ladys maid or a shop
118、 assistant, which requires better English.Enable the Ss to talk bout the play and use the play to work out the characteristics of each social group.2. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the Ss learn how to talk about the play and use the play to work out the characteristics of each social group.4.Moral
119、 goals 德育目标：要勇于改变自我，不能满足于现状，充分挖掘自己的潜力。Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点How to talk about the role of the play and work out the characteristics of each social groupTeaching methods 教学方法Listening, reading and discussion Task based activities (任务型活动) Teaching aids 教具准备A computer and a project
120、or, a recorder Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法强调的重点单词： officer, hesitate, outcome, classify, dismiss, betray, condemn, acquaintanc e,handful, fortune, make ones acquaintance,STEP I Warming up（热身）Review the story PygmalionT : Last period, we learned something about the Greek story Pygmalion and th
121、e play version by Shaw. Of all Shaws plays, Pygmalion is without the doubt the most beloved and popularly received. Several film versions have been made of the play, and it has even been adapted into a musical. In fact, the film version of 1963 helped Shaw to become the first and only man ever to wi
122、n the double prize: the Nobel Prize for literature and an Academy Award. Do you still remember the story? Now who can tell it to all of us?Ask the Ss whether they know the Greek story of Pygmalion. If they know, tell the story.Picture 1. Picture 2. Picture 3.请学生展示他们或她们的组为 warming up 部分的希腊神话故事皮格马立翁查余
123、额的的资料，小组派出一名学生表述该剧本的大意。 并且说明本单元的窈窕淑女就是由萧伯纳根据该故事改编而来。One reports his work : Pygmalion was a giftedartist.Oneday, decidedmakehe toastone statueofbeautifulawoman. He worked day andnight and at last he finished. Thenhe clothed the girl, decorated it withjewellery,Further question:Will Pygmalion and his
124、statue-wife be happy? Give your opinion.STEP 2. Pre-reading and Lead-in（导入）Have you seen the film “My Fair Lady”(窈窕淑女)?andnamedevenitthe SleepingLove.Thework was sobeautifulthatimaginedhethat if the statue could be brought to life, hed like it to be his wife. So he asked the Greek Goddess tohelp mak
125、e it心理学家莫顿（Robert Merton）将此现象名之为“自我实现的预言”。这也就是在萧伯纳名剧窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)中为人所熟知的“皮格马 利翁效应”（Pygmalion effect）。该剧取材自希腊与罗马神话中的一个角色 皮格马利翁，这名神话中的主角深信他所刻的雕像非常美丽，终于使雕像 变成有生命的人。A brief introductionShaw:to GeorgeBernardalive.GoddessThewas movedbysincerity.hisBornIn 1856 in IrelandHiswishwas realizedand Pygmalio
126、n threw himselftohis feet, theNobel Prize for Literature in1925Irish dramatist, literary critic, aAchievementsocialist spokesmangirlsmeltArms and the Man(1894) The Devils Disciple(1897)Superman(1905)downhim.atWorksAfterwards,they love eachandfell in withotherAndroclesandtheLion(1912)married.Anyvolun
127、teer!Pygmalion(1913),play My Fair Lady in 1956One stands up and tells us the play was adapted from the Greek story of and was shot into a film namedby the famous playwright George BernardShaw.PersonalityHumorous and wittyDeathIn 1950STEP3. Fast reading（泛读）Let students listen to the tape and especial
128、ly pay attention to the girls pronunciation and tone.1 What is the weather like when the play begins?2 Why did Professor Higgins want to make notes of what Eliza said?3 What the meaning of the newly rich?After listening to the tape, ask students to answer the questions.One reports to us the informat
129、ion about GeorgeBernardSTEP 4 Careful Reading（精读）This Time lat students go through the text again and find the answers to the following five questions.1.what is the main idea of the play?A. The poor flower girl, Eliza, found Higgins to buy some flowers for her.B. A persons language and behavior deci
130、des on his/her position in society.C. Colonel Pickering found Higgins outside a theatre of London.D. Higgins made his acquaintance with Pickering.2. The flower girl was worried because.A. she thought she did something wrong.B. she didnt have the right to sell flowers.C. she didnt want Higgins to wri
131、te down what he said.D. she thought Higgins was a policeman in disguise.3. Why did Higgins make notes while he was watching the flower girl?A. He thought it was interesting.B. He wanted to know what the girl wanted to do.C. He wanted to study something about phonetics from the girl.D. He was a polic
132、eman in disguise.Shaw.Listentothe tape andwiththequestionsand try tofind main abouttext.the ideathe4.From , Higgins got to knowLondon.the girl came from the westendofA. her clothesC. her look 5.According toB. her languageD. her job of selling flowersHiggins, if the flower girl was educated well to s
133、peakAnswer the three questions usingas simple Englishaspossible.properly, she can do the following EXCEPT.A. pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden partyB. serve as a ladys maidC. become a shop assistantD. sell more flowersSTEP 5 Analysis（人物及关系分析）To make students know
134、 well about the personsin the play,teacher ask them to read the lines with different parts.Let students discuss the four persons character. 在让学生分角色阅读的过程中，请他们注意剧中人物的语音语调，而其他 的同学也要注意伊丽莎白在语言中的语法错误和语音错误，并且判断这几 个人物的性格和由此判断的原因，如他们的语言和行为是判断的最佳依 据。让学生完成以下表格：Go throughthe againtry totext andfindthe answers t
135、o the fivequestions.upperBehaviour:generallyconfident and polite; butignores ElizaLanguage:preparedtobegin a conversation with Henry, whom he does not know; generous with praiseto himColonel PickeringBehaviour:rude(andpatronizing) to lower class; polite to same or upper class Language: calls Eliza “
136、you silly girl” and Pickering “my dear man” (an equaland friend)MiddleReadwithHigginsdifferentpartsandBehaviour:respectfulto people of higher classLanguage: calls gentlemantheothers pay attention tothe phrases“sir”and“capin”(oraLowercaptain)complimentwhichisandthepronunciationandpersonstheElizachara
137、cter.Make out the relationship among the three persons互相讨论并完成表格Relationships between characters Eliza:Attitude to Henry Higgins (H) Attitude to Colonel Pickering (H)Isthestatement true?1 YesEvidence from the play1 anxious; eager not to do the wrong thing; ambitious to improve herself; respectful and
138、 curious about Henrys expertise2 resents not being included in theconversation when talked about.找清关系并发现各个人 物特点及目 的。Sum up the three persons characteristics:anxious,emotional,eager,弄请这三个人之间的关 系和在文中 所能发现的 表现他们特 点的证据。ambitious, unsurekind,generous,polite,enthusiastic, eager,学生之间以小组的形式 完成生生互 动，生组互 动环节，
139、在 限定时间内 完成旁边的 表格。Impatient,confident ,rude,superior, self-importantSTEP 6 Language points（语言点）1. Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the qualityofapersonsEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.希金斯教授是一位语音学专家, 他认为一个人的英语水平决定了他(她)的社会地位。convince vt. to cause to believe or feel c
140、ertain; to persuade 说服; 使相信; 说(某人)Weconvincedhimtogobytrainratherthanplane.我们说服了他坐火车去,不要搭飞机 I tried to convince my wife that we cant afford a new car.我试图说服我妻子我们买不起新车。 convinced adj. 坚信的;意志坚定的 convincing adj. 令人心服的2 While watching, he makes notes.他一边观察, 一边做笔记。 while watching 为 while he was watching 省
141、略句。在以 when, while, if, unless 等引导的状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句主语一致且从句谓 语动词含有 be 动词的形式,往往将从句中的主语及 be 动词省略,而以动词 的-ing 形式或过去分词形式来代替。 After finishing the work, he went home.完成工作后他就回家了。 After being discussed,计划讨论后, 应立即实施。Whilecrossingthe过马路时, 小心过路车辆。the plan should be carriedout at once.Then withanotherjoinstreet,l
142、ookoutforcarspassingby.pair. Shareyourideas and choose例如：Whenhelp, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.”A. offeringC. to be offered80B. to offerD. offeredtheonesthat are themost usefulSTEP7 Retell（复述）The text is a play adapted from a Greek story Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw, and it was shot
143、 into a film named My Fair Lady. In this play, Eliza is a flower girl; she wants to get a job as a maid or shop assistant. But her English is bad. One day she met Higgins, a professor convinced that a persons pronunciation decides his or her position in society. His friend,fortask.thisPreparetoprese
144、nt yourideasPickering made a bet with him. If he can educate Eliza into a fair lady and pass herself off as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. Higgins tries his beat to teach Eliza and at last she really attend the party without anyone else knowing she is from the gutter. She changed into a r
145、eal fairlady, many young fellows want to marry her.to the wholeclass.mustYoualltake part in the presentation.The text is a playfrom a Greek story Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw,and it was shot into a filmMy Fair Lady. In this play, Eliza is a girl; she wants to get a job as a maid or shop. But herEnglish
146、 is bad. One day she met Higgins, a professorthat apersonsdecides his or her position in society. His friend,Pickering made awith him. If he can educate Eliza into a fair lady andpass herself a duchess at angarden party. Higgins tries his beat to teach Eliza and at last she really attend the party w
147、ithout anyone else knowing she is from the gutter. Sheinto a real fair lady, manyyoung fellows want to marry her.STEP 8 Discussion （讨论）Ask Ss to do part 5 on page 31.T: Suppose you have a chance to help Eliza improve her use of the English language. Look at the sentences on page31 in Part 5 and help
148、 her correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc, so that she can use them properly.In pairs try to think of some new ideas to help Professor Higgins teach Eliza better. Write them down in a list. Get into fours and discuss the lists.Choose the two best ideas and then share them w
149、ith the class.Find the similarities and differences between The story of Pygmalion and the play PygmalionSimilarities ：1 They are both about a man who “makes” a perfect woman.2 Both the women benefit: Galatea by becoming alive and Eliza by learning how to behave in polite society.Differences ：1 In t
150、he story the artist admits that he has fallen in love with the statue, but in the play Henry does not admit that he loves Eliza.2 In the story the artist and the statue get married and live happily together, but in the play they do not get married and appear to part.3 In the story the artist changes
151、 from not liking women to loving one, but in the play Henry does not appear to change as much as Eliza.Now in pairs discuss how the characters change in the play?Example: Galatea changes from stone into a real person.Elizachangesfrom1 .Pygmalionchangesfrom2 .STEP 9 Homework（家庭作业）1 Read the play repe
152、atedly and try to act out the play.2 Find out some difficult words and expressions in the play.参照课文浓缩再次理清 文章脉络。以填空形式反复复述。学生讨论参考答案：1 a rough, dirty flower girl whospokebadEnglish into abeautiful and accomplished lady2amanwho dislikeswomen intooneloveswhooneparticularwomanUnit 5 Meeting your ancestors
153、Warming Up, Pre-reading and Reading1. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the Ss to tell the differences between modern people and Peking man and learn how Peking man lived their lives.2. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the Ss learn to tell the differences between modern people and Peking man and learn how Pek
154、ing man lived their lives.Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点Talk about Peking man in Zhoukoudian Caves.Teaching methods 教学方法 Listening, reading and discussion Teaching aids 教具准备A computer and a projector, a recorderTeaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法Step I Revision and Lead-inCheck the homew
155、ork.The Ss will how their information about Zhoukoudian Caves in the following steps.Step II Lead in1. Ask the Ss to identify the picture in the pre-reading part. (skullcap)2. Ask Ss to assume what Peking man might have done and use thousands of years ago.3. Then by showing the table following to sh
156、ow whether their assumptions are right or wrongStep III Reading1. Play the tape once, and ask the Ss what they have learned about Zhoukoudian Caves2. Skimming (What is the text about? And three stages of the archaeologists part of the dialogue: An archeologist is showing a group of students from Eng
157、land around the Zhoukoudian Caves and telling them something about the caves.)3. Scanning (Ask them to write down the three ways in which the life of early people differs from modern ones. Ask them to work in pairs and discuss the questions.Homes: Peking man lived in Zhoukoudian Caves of rocks and t
158、rees.Tools: They used needle that was made of bone sharpened stone tools and scraper made by stones.Dress: They wore clothes form animal skins and they also wore necklace made from seashells or animal teeth.4. Careful readingLet the Ss read the passage again and answer the following questions. Show
159、the questions on the Screen.How did the keep warm?1. What animals were their most dangerous enemies?2. How did they make clothes?3. What can we learn from the necklace they wore?Step IV Post-readingAsk Ss to fill in the chart on the life and habits of Peking man on page 37 and compare it with the li
160、st they made in the pre-reading. What differences are there?And then to clarify Ss difficult points in the text.Step V Homework1. Go over the text.2. Write a brief introduction to the Zhoukoudian Cave.Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Vocabulary and Useful ExpressionsAims:Teaching aims 教学目标1. Ability ai
161、ms 能力目标Enable the students to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense.2. Learning ability aims 学能目标Help the students learn how to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense.Content 教学内容1. identifyvt. 确认，识别，鉴别（1） sb. /sth. as sb./ sth.确认，证明某人/某物系某人/某物e.g. She identified the man as her attacker.（2） sth
162、. with sth.认为某事物与另一事物等同e.g. One cant happiness with wealth.扩展：identificationn. identification card 身份证2. alternativeadj. 供选择的，其他的e.g. The way was blocked ,so we had to go by road.这条路阻塞，我们只能走其他路。3. interruptvt. 1) 打断，中断，阻碍The war ed the trade between the 2 countries. e.g.战争打断了两国间的贸易。Sorry to interrup
163、t you, but I have something to say.打断某人的话 sb. /sth. with sth.用打扰/打断e.g.他用一个问题打断了他的老师。He interrupted his teacher with a question.(2) interrupt sb.打扰某人e.g. Dont interrupt me. I am very busy. 打扰某人4. assumevt. 假定，设想；担任，承担(1)assume 后多跟 1) 名词，2)宾语+ to be + n. / adj.,3) that 从句e.g. 1. The scientist that th
164、ere no animals on the moon.科学家设想月球上没有动物2. Id the responsibility.我来承担责任。3. He assumed a great man.他假装是伟人(2) assuming 放在句首，表一种猜测。e.g. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 扩展： assumptionn.make an assumption . regardless of不管；不顾；不注意e.g. He went the risk.他不顾危险地去了。He is his appearance.他不注意自己的外表。6
165、. preservevt.(1) 保存；保护；收藏e.g. You can meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。(2) 保持；维持e.g. It is one of the duties of the police to public order7.sharpen. vt /vi 使变锐利 锋利 、磨快刀sharpen a pencil with a knife. Sharpen a knife.Sharpene stone tools.n. sharpener 磨快的用具adj. Sharp 锐利的、陡峭的、激烈的、凛冽的8Preserve vt保存、保护 、保
166、管The city should take steps to preserve the old temple. Preserve from.保护使免于Oil preserves metal from rust. Vt.保存 、储藏 , 维持、保护 Preserve fruit in sugar cans.Preserve ones strength.9Im sorry to interrupt you, but how could they live here?Im sorry, but Excuse me , but.10.We have been excavating layers of
167、ash almost six meters thick, which suggest that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.six meters thick six years oldListening, Speaking and WritingTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言： 重点词汇和短语archeology, accurate, radioactivity, chronological, excavation, identity, alternative, hous
168、ehold, date back toI think that we should because I suggest we2. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the students to talk about the archaeological evidence and knowledge and learn to describe people and practice giving opinions.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to give opinion and descr
169、ibe objectsTeaching important & difficult points 教学重难点 Learn how to give opinion and describe objects Teaching methods 教学方法Listening and cooperative learningTeaching aids 教具准备A computer, a tape recorder and a projector.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法Step I Lead-inLead in by talking about the anci
170、ent civilization.1. Ask them the four Great Ancient Civilizations.2. Ask them to give some account of each great civilization, for example, speaking China, they can talk about Chinas brilliant civilization, like four great inventions (papermaking, printing, gunpowder, compass)Step II Warming-upDeal
171、with the Warming-up part.1. Ask Ss to identify each picture in this part.2. Ask them to have a discussion to complete the task listed in Activity 2 ( to complete the table), What is it made of? Whats its use? And todays alternatives?3. Then make a summary of this and show the PPT of the table list o
172、n the screen. S3. The Greek Goddess agreed to help and his wish was granted.Step III SpeakingTalk about Sanxindui Ruins with Ss.1. Show the pictures on page 44. Tell the Ss they were found during an excavation in Sanxindui Ruins.2. Ask them if they know anything about SanXindui Ruins.3. Introduce so
173、me background information to them.4. Show a series of objects to them and ask them to complete the tasks shown on the screen.1. Guess what they are.2. Discuss what these objects wre possibly used for3. Describe these objects (including appearance, shape and a guess about the material, what can we le
174、arn from these objects, etc.)Step ListeningDo the Listening task on page 81.Step V writing on page 851 turn to page 85 and look at the pictures and the questions below them. Discuss the questions 2 several minutes later, check the discussions3 ask the students t write two paragraphs giving their own
175、 ideas as the information tells them to do 4 ask the students to read out their articlesStep VI HomeworkAsk the students to find some information about Zhoukoudian.Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Grammar and Useful StructuresTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言：Grammar: Present Perfect Continuou
176、s Tense2. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the students to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense.Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点How to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense.Teaching method
177、s 教学方法 Explanation and practice Teaching aids 教具准备A computer and a projector, a blackboard Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方法 Step I RevisionCheck the students homework and let one read their work.Step II Lead-inAsk the Ss to point out the sentences that contain the structure as “We have been excava
178、ting herefor many years” in the text.Step III Explanation一、结构形式现在完成进行时是由“助动词 have(has) + been+动词的现在分词”构成。 二、基本用法1. 表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去的动作。它通常 和“for+段时间”或“since+点时间(也可以是从句)”的时间状语连用。例如：I have been waiting for a letter from my parents. 我一直在等我父母的来信。It has been raining for three hours.雨已经下了三个
179、小时了。We have been studying here since 2019.自从 2019 年以来，我们一直在这里学习。2. 表示从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，可能刚刚结束的动作。例如：She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired.她一整天都在扫大街。她太累了。We have been waiting for you for two hours. We dont want to wait any longer.我们已经等你两个小时了。不想再等了。 三、常用句型1. 肯定句：“主语+have(has) been
180、+动词的现在分词+其他.”例如：I have been sitting here all the afternoon.我在这儿坐了一下午。He has been collecting all kinds of stamps since he was ten years old.自十岁起他就开始收集各式各样的邮票。2. 否定句：“主语+have(has) not been+动词的现在分词+其他.”例如：They havent been meeting each other for five years.他们有五年没见面了。He hasnt been teaching here these yea
181、rs.这些年他并没有一直在这儿教书。3. 一般疑问句：“Have(Has) + 主语 + been + 动词的现在分词？”其肯定回答：“Yes, 主语 + have(has).”否定回答：“No, 主语 + havent (hasnt).”【例如】： Have you been studying for the English test today?你今天一直在准备英语测试吗？ Yes, I have. / No, I havent.是的。 / 不，我没有。 Has Daniel been skating for two years?丹尼尔滑冰已经有两年了吗？ Yes, he has. / N
182、o, he hasnt.是的。/ 不，他没有。4. 特殊疑问句：“ 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句？”【例如】：What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什么书？ How has your uncle been getting on with his work? 你叔叔的工作进展得怎么样？四、注意事项有些不能用现在进行时的动词，如 be, have, like, love, know, see, hear 等，同样也不能用现在 完成进行时，而应用现在完成时。例如：The poor woman has been ill for a long tim
183、e. 那可怜的妇人已经病了好久了。Have you seen her parents these days?这些天你看见她的父母了吗？ 时态对比1. 现在完成进行时与现在进行时比较：现在完成进行时强调某一动作从过去一直延续到现在；而现在进行时只指目前正在发生的动 作。试比较：Susan has been reading that storybook since last night.从昨晚开始苏珊就一直在看那本故事书。 Susan is reading a storybook now. 苏珊正在看一本故事书。2. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时比较：有些动词(如：work, study, live
184、, teach 等)用现在完成进行时与现在完成时表达的意思差不多。试 比较：The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years.十年来，那位老师一直在这所学校教书。The teacher has taught at this school for ten years.那位老师在这所学校已经教了十年书了。英语中的多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同的含义。现在完成时如果不带表示一段时间的 状语，就只能表示动作的完成，而现在完成进行时则表示动作的延续。试比较：HomeworkAsk the students finish Exercise in Word Study Part.
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