1、专题一阅读理解训练1事实认定A(导学号59430054)If you are a traditional traveller who believes cameras are irreplaceable，here are some things you should pay attention to when looking for the perfect camera.Sensor sizeAlong with the megapixel (百万像素) count，the size of the sensor dictates the general image quality as wel
2、l as the cameras performance in low light.It also determines whether the camera can electronically put the details it captures bigger enough to seewhich is what makes the pictures not clear enough to see when you view the photos on a bigger screen.Portability“The important thing is that the camera i
3、snt too big or heavy，and that you have a good zoom (变焦距镜头) range for both wideangle and telephoto shots (远距摄影照片)，”Atherton told CNN.A good choice would be a slim，light pocket camera with a highqualified builtin optical zoom.“These are very popular for travel as they are light，but built with a teleph
4、oto lens that can zoom up to 60 times，” Atherton said.Zoom and shutter (快门) speedFor action or crowd shots，a fast shutter speed is a key factor.“When dealing with anything thats activewildlife or people in action on the streetfaces change within a tiny part of a second，” said Arnold，“a fast shutter
5、speed is helpful in shooting the several hundred photos you might need to get that single winning shot.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行者在选择适合旅行的相机时应该注意的一些事情，以及该类型相机的特点。1. According to Atherton，what isnt a requirement for an ideal camera?APortable shape.BWideranged zoom.CGood telephoto lens. DReasonable sensor
6、size.解析：细节理解题。根据文章Portability部分中的“The important thing is that the camera isnt too big or heavy，and that you have a good zoom (变焦距镜头) range for both wideangle and telephoto shots (远距摄影照片)”和“a slim，light pocket camera”可知答案为D项。答案：D2What will contribute to a satisfactory photo of a running lion in the w
7、ild?AThe sensor size. BThe zoom range.CThe shutter speed. DThe megapixel.解析：细节理解题。根据文章Zoom and shutter (快门) speed的内容，尤其是“For action or crowd shots，a fast shutter speed is a key factor”可知答案为C项。答案：C3Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?AHow to choose ideal travel cameras?BHow to
8、 put a camera into good use?CA fashionable cameraup for saleDA highquality cameraa modern lifes must解析：标题判断题。全文谈的就是怎样选择适合旅行中使用的相机，具体介绍了该类型相机的相关特点，故A项最适合作为本文标题。答案：AB(导学号59430055)When Tom Szaky sees a juice container thrown away，he doesnt see rubbish，but he sees a pencil case.Sweet wrappers? A beautif
9、ul kite! But these are not the imaginings of a dreamer.For the 28yearold CEO of Trenton，New Jerseybased TerraCycle，theyre a business model.The fasttalking Szaky is leading the new industry of upcycling (升级改造)Instead of recycling，TerraCycle takes packaging headed for landfills (废物填埋地) and reuses itmo
10、re or less whole.TerraCycles 85 employees make nearly 200 products，sold at shops such as Petco，Kmart，Whole Foods Market，and Target.Szakys $7.4 million company，now also moving ahead in Mexico，Canada，the United Kingdom and Brazil，is quite different from the business he founded with his classmate Jon B
11、eyer in 2002 as a freshman at Princeton University.The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell organic plant fertilizers made from worm waste.They lost the competition，but started the business anyway.With their goalto make products entirely out of rubbishsuddenly clear，Szaky knew the
12、time was right to drop out of Princeton.TerraCycles first product used dininghall waste to feed the worms and thrownaway bottles to package the fertilizer.The result: a cheap，green breakthrough.Word spread，and in 2004，Home Depot began carrying the fertilizer in its Canadian stores.To Szaky，waste doe
13、s not exist in nature.TerraCycle is a “second chance” employer of，say，a piece of furniture，an icecream container.As Szaky points out，“The biggest problem with most green，fairtrade，and organic products is that they tend to cost more.At TerraCycle，everything is made from rubbish，and rubbish is free.Pe
14、ople should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right.”【语篇解读】本文介绍了萨奇创立特拉循环公司对垃圾进行升级改造，从而制造出新产品的经过及理念。4What is Tom Szaky now?AThe CEO of TerraCycle.BAn employee of Home Depot.CA student at Princeton University.DThe manager of a food company.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the 28yearo
15、ld CEO of Trenton，New Jerseybased TerraCycle”可知，汤姆萨奇是特拉循环公司的首席执行官。因此，该题选A项。答案：A5How did Szaky get the idea of upcycling?AFrom his visits to foreign companies.BFrom his studies at Princeton University.CThrough shopping at big stores in America.DThrough the experience of a business competition.解析：推理判断
16、题。根据第三段中的“The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell organic plant fertilizers made from worm waste.They lost the competition，but started the business anyway”可知，萨奇从事升级改造产业的想法源于一次商业竞争的经历。因此，该题选D项。答案：D6What is the goal of TerraCycle?ATo make cheap and green products.BTo recycle waste m
17、aterials in another way.CTo make products completely out of rubbish.DTo change worm waste into organic plant fertilizers.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“With their goalto make products entirely out of rubbish.”可知，特拉循环公司的目标是“完全用垃圾制造产品”。因此，该题选C。A、D两项都是该公司做的具体事情，而非其目标。B项与第二段中的“Instead of recycling，TerraCycle takes pa
18、ckaging headed for landfills (废物填埋地) and reuses it.”的表述不一致。答案：C7What is the advantage of upcycling according to Szaky?AThe cost is kept rather low.BMore materials are available.CIt has a large promising market.DIts products are environmentally friendly.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“At TerraCycle，everything is m
19、ade from rubbish，and rubbish is free.People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right”可知，升级改造产业的优势在于原材料是免费的，制造成本相当低廉。因此，该题选A项。答案：ACChristmas in the United States is traditionally a time of giftgiving and family gatherings.But small towns across the country have
20、 their own traditions.Middleburg，a small town in the state of Virginia，is known for its horses.For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行)Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields.They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox.But first，these h
21、unters ride in the yearly parade，wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.John Hale，a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town.“We have a lot of people from an urban area that come to visit，but it incorporates a lot of the old traditions.” The nighttime hayride is one such
22、 tradition.Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay.The passengers sing as farm horses pull the wagon slowly across the fields.There are some newer traditions，too.Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort.He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down
23、for a day.He says Middleburg can be a calming，peaceful place without tension. “Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back，to take a deep breath，and understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace，theres really an opportunity where youre allowed to step off for a little bit.”P
24、arade organizers say more than 13，000 people attend even in below freezing weather.But if you ask，you will hear many different reasons why people come to watch the parade：“I come here because Im from a small town.I like how everybody comes together.”“I live right down that street，right there.And tha
25、ts my dog.”Middleburg looks its best at Christmastime.That may be why so many people return each year.【语篇解读】本文介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇米德尔堡的圣诞传统。8Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AMiddleburgs Christmas paradeBA small town known for horsesCChristmas traditions in MiddleburgDNewer traditi
26、ons at Christmastime解析：标题判断题。本文主要介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇米德尔堡的圣诞传统，C项最具概括性。答案：C9At Christmas，people in Middleburg usually _Avisit friends and familiesBfeed farm horses with hayChunt for dogs in the woodsDride in the yearly parade解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For more than 50 years，Middleburg has organized a yearly Christma
27、s parade (游行)Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields”可知，在圣诞节，米德尔堡的人们会在一年一度的游行中骑马。答案：D10According to Trey Matheu，why do people visit Middleburg?ATo relax themselves.BTo enjoy the fresh air.CTo escape competition.DTo challenge themselves.解析：细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知，特里马修认为游览米德尔堡会让人感到放松、平静，可以暂时逃离快
28、节奏的生活，因此选择A项。答案：A11What do we know about the small town Middleburg?AIt makes a large profit from tourism.BIt attracts many people each year.CIt is a good place for family gatherings.DIt doesnt respect Christmas traditions.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Parade organizers say more than 13，000 people attend even i
29、n below freezing weather”可知，这个小镇每年吸引很多人游览。答案：BDIndia is a country with 1.2 billion people，of which 30% still live in poverty，and 56% of the workforce is engaged in agriculture even though it contributes only 18% of GDP.Reforming Indias economy will therefore require more than just the relaxation of
30、business regulations; it will require a massive reallocation of labour and the retraining of farm workers for other professions through better education and vocational training.In addition，only 29% of women in India are in the workforce even though they make up 50% of the population，which represents
31、 the severe underuse of a valuable resource，and a barrier to progress.The government with Modi as the Premier will have to create a basic construction to correct the problem of these inefficiencies.It is also important to note that the reorganization of Indias labour force will take years，if not dec
32、ades，to produce results for the economy.All this can push returns down for investors in the short and medium term.Another major challenge for Indias free market experiment will be the foundation of BJP (人民党)，which has its roots in religion.Free market economics cant work properly without a truly fre
33、e society，and the conservative social and political philosophies (思想体系) of Modis party could prevent that from happening.The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government.While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform，they are also the easiest
34、 to be exploited by some corporations and may require statesponsored welfare for existence.This creates an obvious contradiction for the government and a real free market in India.To lift the country economically，capitalist principles must be accepted completely，but without state control，Indias poor
35、 and middle class may be left behind.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了印度的政治环境以及目前所面临的经济改革问题。12To change Indias economy more effectively，_Abusiness regulations should be restrictedBfarm workers deserve retraining and reallocatingCmore people should be engaged in agricultureDwomen should make up 50% of the workforce解析： 细
36、节理解题。根据文章第一段的“it will require a massive reallocation of labour and the retraining of farm workers”可知，需要重新分配劳动力和重新培训农民工，即B项正确。答案：B13Free market economics can function well with _Atraditional social structuresBa society full of libertyCconservative political philosophiesDthe basic policy of BJP解析：细节理解
37、题。根据文章第三段的“Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society”可知，自由市场经济能够正常运转需要一个真正自由的社会，即B项正确。答案：B14. Under the control of the government，_ will benefit from the economic reform.Aboth commerce and industryBboth state factories and local firmsCboth middleclass people and poor peop
38、leDboth urban and rural areas解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform”和“but without state control，Indias poor and middle class may be left behind”可知，经济改革将使中产阶级和穷人都受益，即C项正确。答案：C15The tone of the author towards Indias economic reform is _Afavourable BdisapprovingCoptimistic Ddoubtful解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第三段和第四段的“The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government”可知，印度的经济改革挑战巨大、困难重重，作者对其持怀疑态度，即D项正确。答案：D