1、40分阅读理解提分练(五)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2020济南市高三年级学习质量评估Congratulations on your offer of admission to Stanford University (SU)! All those admitted to graduate study must inform us of your decisions to accept or decline.To accept or decline the offer of ad
2、mission on the web, you first need to set up your Stanford University Network Identification name (SUNet ID). Approximately 24 hours after that, you will be able to log in to Axess to accept or decline the offer.Creating a SUNet IDYou will need your student ID number sent to you by SU. On the Stanfo
3、rd University Accounts website, choose “Create a new SUNet ID” and select the first button (I have a University ID) and follow the instructions.Log into Axess using your SUNet ID.In the top menu bar, hover over (悬停) “STUDENT” for the “NEW ADMITS, Graduate Admission Response” section to be revealed.
4、Click “Graduate Admission Response” to open the response page. After you have accepted the offer of admission, you will be able to create your email account and access other services.Address UpdatesIn order to receive important information before you arrive on campus, it is essential that you keep y
5、our mailing and email addresses up to date in Axess.Admission Deferral (延期) RequestsAdmission is offered for a specific academic program. Departments have different policies on whether they will defer admission or require a new application for later enrollment. Requests to delay admission should be
6、submitted in writing to the graduate program that offered admission. You can see the Program List for contact information.1Who is this text intended for?ASU offer receivers. BCollege graduates.CStanford applicants. DUniversity students.2What is required to accept the offer admission to SU?AAn email
7、account.BA program list of SU.CA personal request letter.DAn ID number from SU.3What does SU advise students to do?AUpdate contact information.BRenew the application letter.CAccept the offer of admission.DArrive on campus in advance.B2020银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测With bushfires continuing to swallow different
8、parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.Right within the range of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation (撤离) ord
9、ers, according to reports.Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keepers, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.The 40yearold zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the w
10、orst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon (大决战) here. Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time including moving everything flammable (易燃的) from the area and the larger animals to safe places.Whats remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take
11、them to his own house.“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected. not a single animal is lost，” he said.BBC news also mentioned that “theres a tiger to the back of the house”. Some media outlets highlighted the “heroic job” in
12、 their headlines. Online users also reacted with thumbsup and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrfic fire.Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australias largest collection of primates, and many different and unique animals such a
13、s zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas.4New South Wales hits the headlines because of _. Aits famous zoo Bits endangered animalsCthe heartwarming event Dbeing easy to catch fire5Which of the following is true about Mogo Wildlife Park?AIt belongs to Chad Staples.BNone of the animals is missing.CIt
14、 merely holds rare animal species.DExtra shelters were built for emergencies.6Which word can probably describe Chad Staples?AIrresponsible. BConsiderate.CSelfish. DEnergetic.7Which of the following is the best title for the passage?AThe Heroic Job.BThe Horrific Fire.CThe Extinct Animals.DThe Brave Z
15、oo Keepers.C2020长沙市四校高三模拟Reducing, reusing, and recycling is a way of life in Sweden. Recycling is required by law and garbage is sorted at home before it goes to a recycling center. Recyclables are sorted into seven categories and recycling stations are within just 300 meters of all residential are
16、as. “Recycling almost everything is a must in Sweden now. It actually feels very uncomfortable when you visit another country and cant find easy ways to recycle，” said Owen Gaffney, an expert at Stockholm Resilience Centre and Future Earth. But not all of its garbage is recycled. Sweden uses alterna
17、tives that include incinerating garbage to make electricity instead of using fossil fuels (化石燃料) to heat 1.2 million homes. About half of household garbage is sent to one of the 33 wastetoheat plants. Sweden is importing garbage from other countries to keep these plants running. Sweden is also a wor
18、ld leader in turning food waste into ecofriendly biogas. It has made food waste collection compulsory beginning in 2021. There is a food waste biogas plant, which allows biogas to be used to run public buses and to heat apartment buildings.Sweden now wants to deal with those remaining items that can
19、not be recycled by using a circular (循环论证的) economy approach. It means that products can be reused and only recycled when absolutely necessary. The Swedish government formed an advisory group to find a way of making this part of its environmental policy.This will not work effectively unless people a
20、re taught to change their behavior. Now the government is reforming its tax code so that people could get cheaper repairs or buy used things. The large Swedish clothing retailer (零售商) H&M operates a recycling program that gives customers discounts when they bring back old clothing.Sweden is fighting
21、 climate change by doing all the right stuff. Waste recycling and the plans to switch to a circular economy will go a long way in reducing its carbon footprint and will help stop global warming.8What do we know about Sweden?ASweden imports household garbage for biogas.BIt is convenient to recycle th
22、ings in Sweden.CHalf of garbage in Sweden is used to produce heat.DEverything is recycled after being used in Sweden.9What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean?ABurning. BTreating.CThrowing. DReusing.10What does the advisory group do?ATeach people how to save fossil fuels.BConduct a survey a
23、bout the local economy.COffer advice on environmental policy.DMake sure the citizens recycle wisely.11How does the government encourage its citizens to reuse?AIt provides various recycling programs.BIt cuts down taxes on new products.CIt gives discounts to regular buyers.DIt offers lower prices for
24、repairs.D2020青岛市高三练习诊断Kevin Randall, a teacher, who teaches biology at Grandville High School, runs the environmental club at the high school, which has around 2,000 students. The club is known as the GHS Green Team, and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability (持续
25、性). It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.One of the clubs recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria. Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54, 000 plastic forks every year. The club app
26、lied for the financial help, built recycling centers for the cafeteria, and purchased metal silverware.And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables (一次性用品), “and thats just one way were trying to capture the lowhanging fruit, if you will，” Randall said.The effort
27、s of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state. In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria, the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus, and leads cleanups on site and out in
28、the community. Over the years, Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof of the high school.Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn
29、 to in the building who understands whats at stake (有风险) when it comes to climate change. “And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home，” Randall added. “They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change, and
30、to spread the word, and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home. ”12What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club?ATo inspire students love for biology.BTo finish the projects assigned by school.CTo prepare students for their future jobs.DTo
31、promote environmental protection.13Whats the result of the project on the school cafeteria?AIt has changed the outlook of the cafeteria.BStudents can have more fruits in the cafeteria.CPlastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria.DThe school has become famous nationwide.14Whats the fourth parag
32、raph mainly about?AThe classification of the projects.BThe characteristics of the club.CThe activities organized by the club.DThe future of the club.15What was Randalls aim by doing the work on environmental issues?ATo educate the young.BTo get material rewards.CTo amuse his children.DTo make himsel
33、f famous.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2020武汉市高中毕业生质量检测_16_ One day, when I was perhaps six years old, I was walking with my father on a crowded street. All of a sudden, the normal flow of pedestrian traffic backed up as people tried to avoid a large object on the sid
34、ewalk. To my astonishment, the object turned out to be a human being, a man lying unconscious against a building. _17_ Certainly no one made eye contact. As we walked by, my father the model of a loving, caring gentleman pointed to a bottle in a paper bag and told me that the poor soul on the sidewa
35、lk just needed to sleep it off. Then the drunken man began to murmur (低语) senselessly. My father warned me not to go near, saying “You never know how hell react.”_18_ I had spent the previous 12 months traveling in poor Asian cities, but even by those standards this was a scene of misery. In additio
36、n to being desperately poor, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with ridiculously huge crowds and a fairly strong wind blowing dust everywhere. Suddenly a man carrying a huge bag of peanuts called out in pain and fell to the ground. _19_ Half a dozen sellers ran from their stands to
37、 help, leaving unattended what might have been the totality of their possessions. One put a blanket under the mans head; another opened his shirt; the third one questioned him carefully about the pain; the fourth one fetched water; the fifth one kept onlookers from crowding around too closely; the s
38、ixth one ran for help. _20_ The performance could have passed for a final exam at a paramedic (护理人员) school. AI then witnessed an astonishing scene. BNo one of the passersby seemed to notice that it was a man.CThis was totally different from the bitter experience I had in New York.DWithin minutes, a
39、 doctor arrived, and two other locals joined in to assist.EI soon came to see that days lesson as basic knowledge for a New Yorker.FIll always remember a lesson that I learned as a boy growing up in New York City.GYet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rang
40、oon.40分阅读理解提分练(五)第一节A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会通知书入学通知书文章大意文章介绍了收到斯坦福大学研究生录取通知书的人如何在指定的网站上注册账号，以告知校方自己决定接受还是拒绝录取通知书。1答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据关键句“Congratulations on your offer of admission to Stanford University (SU)! All those admitted to graduate study must inform us of your decisions to accept or decline.”(第一段第一、二句
41、)可知，本文的写作对象是收到斯坦福大学研究生录取通知书的人。故选A。2答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据关键句“You will need your student ID number sent to you by SU. ”(Creating a SUNet ID部分第一段第一句)可知，学生需要斯坦福大学发送的学生证号码才能接受该大学的录取通知书。故选D。3答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据关键句“In order to receive important information before you arrive on campus, it is essential that you keep y
42、our mailing and email addresses up to date in Axess.” (Address Updates部分)可知，斯坦福大学建议学生及时更新联系方式。故选A。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会热点事件动物园的饲养员救助动物的英勇事迹文章大意暖心故事成为新闻焦点澳大利亚森林大火持续蔓延，Mogo野生动物园的饲养员们想方设法保护园内动物免遭大火侵害，甚至在自己家里收容需要额外居所的较小动物。4答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a local zoo in New South Wales the state which is the easiest
43、to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story”可知，位于最易着火的新南威尔士州的一家动物园以一则暖心的故事成为新闻焦点。故选C。5答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“not a single animal is lost”可知，B选项“没有一只动物失踪”正确。干扰项分析根据第五段“Whats remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take them to his own house”可知，
44、该公园没有用来应对突发事件的额外的避难所，所以Staples才决定把较小的动物带回家，故D选项不对。6答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第五段内容可知，因为较小的动物需要额外的避难所，Staples就决定把它们带回自己家，由此可推知，Chad Staples是体贴的，故B项正确。irresponsible“不负责任的”；selfish“自私的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。技巧点拨褒贬排除法。文章颂扬了动物园饲养员的事迹，而A、C两项是两个贬义词，首先排除，D选项与文章大意不符，故也排除。7答案与解析：D考查标题判断。本文主要颂扬了Mogo野生动物园的饲养员在森林大火持续蔓延之际，将较大的
45、动物们转移到安全的地方，将较小的动物带到自己家里，从而保护它们免遭大火侵害的英勇事迹，D项最适合作文章标题。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与环境分类回收和使用二手商品文章大意在瑞典，减少、再利用和回收是一种生活方式。瑞典政府鼓励人们回收和使用二手商品，废品先分类，再回收。8答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Recyclables are sorted into seven categories and recycling stations are within just 300 meters of all residential areas”可知，在瑞典回收物品是很方便的。9
46、答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第二段的第二句可知，瑞典通过焚烧化石燃料的替代品垃圾来发电，为120万个家庭供热。画线词incinerating的意思是“焚烧”，与“Sweden now wants. approach”和burning同义。10答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Sweden now wants. approach”和“The Swedish government formed an advisory group to find a way of making this part of its environmental policy”可知，瑞典政府成立了一个咨询小组
47、，目的是找到一个方法使通过循环经济法处理不能被回收利用的产品的做法成为政府环境政策的一部分，即咨询小组的职责就是为环境政策提供建议。11答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Now the government is reforming its tax code so that people could get cheaper repairs or buy used things”可知，政府正在改革其免税代码，以便使维修更便宜，并鼓励人们购买二手商品。D语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然人与环境环境保护文章大意一位高中生物老师通过成立环境俱乐部，组织各种各样的活动，教育并鼓励年轻人为
48、保护环境做力所能及的事情。12答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability (持续性). to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself”可知，GHS绿色团队旨在提高学生和教师对(环境)可持续性的认识，还致力于减少建筑本身的环境足迹，即促进环境保护。故选D。13答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“now every student uses a durable me
49、tal fork or a spoon instead of disposables(一次性用品)”可知，现在，每个学生都用耐用的金属叉子或勺子代替一次性用品。故选C。14答案与解析：C考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“reducing waste in the cafeteria” “built a garden” “leads cleanups” “install solar panels(太阳能电池板)”可知，本段主要介绍了减少自助餐厅浪费、在校园里建造了花园、在现场和社区开展清理工作、为学校屋顶安装太阳能电池板等这些俱乐部组织的活动。15答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“do
50、more in my life for my own two children” “make sure that other students out there are learning about this”可知，Randall竭尽所能为孩子们做榜样，教育这些年轻人保护环境。故选A。第二节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会社会生活对昏倒在街头的人的不同态度文章大意作者两次目击人们对在街头昏倒的人的情形：一次是在大概六岁时，面对在纽约街头昏迷的男子，人们冷漠地走开；另一次是在亚洲一些贫穷的城市旅游时，在仰光的一个集市上，人们热心地帮助一个倒在地上的男子，使该男子得到了及时的救治。16答案与解
51、析：F根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段首句，是本段的总起句；通读该段可知，该段主要讲述了作者在大概六岁时目击人们对待在街头昏倒的男子的态度以及父亲对作者的警告。故F项与此处匹配。17答案与解析：B根据上文可知，人们都试图避开一个靠着建筑物昏迷的男子；空处承接上文，故B项“似乎没有一个路人注意到那是一个人”符合语境。18答案与解析：G该段主要讲述了作者在亚洲一个贫穷的城市旅游时，看到的人们热心地帮助一个倒在地上的男子的场景，与上文讲述的人们试图避开一个靠着建筑物昏迷的男子形成对比，故G项与此处匹配。19答案与解析：A根据空前一句可知，突然，一个拎着一大袋花生的男子痛苦地大叫了一声，倒在地上；根据空后一句可知，六名商户不顾他们的摊位跑出来帮忙。据此可推知，空处承上启下，表述作者看到了令人惊讶的一幕，故A项符合语境。20答案与解析：D空前一句表述人们帮助这个倒在地上的男子的过程：有人在他的头下面放了条毯子；有人解开他的衬衫；有人仔细询问他哪里痛；有人去取水；有人阻止旁观者聚拢得太近；有人去求救。据此可知，该处承接上文，继续叙述事情的发展，故D项“几分钟内，一位医生到了，两位当地人也参与援助”符合文意。