1、Section BReading and Thinking.知识体系图解重点词汇1.n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长adj.最重要的;最高级别的2.n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑3.adj.附近的;邻近的 adv.在附近4.vi.应在(某处);适应5.adj.军事的;军用的6.n.防御;保卫7.adj.法律的;合法的8.vt.围绕;包围9.n.证据;证明10.n.成就;成绩;达到11.n.地方;地点;位置chief puzzlenearbybelongmilitarydefencelegalsurroundevidenceachievementlocation12.kingdom n
2、.13.battle n.vi.&vt.14.port n.王国;领域战役;搏斗搏斗;奋斗港口(城市)重点短语1.join.to.2.break away(from sb/sth)3.result in4.belong to5.as well as6.keep your eyes open(for)7.refer to.as8.be surrounded by9.leave behind10.date back把和连接或联结起来脱离;背叛;逃脱导致属于 也;和;还留心;留意把看作 被包围留下;留在后面 追溯到重点句式1.So what is the difference between the
3、m,if any?2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.释义匹配1.nearbyA.something important that you succeed in doing byyour own efforts2.defenceB.a particular place,especially in relation t
4、o other areas,buildings,etc.3.evidenceC.the act of protecting something or someone from attack4.achievementD.facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true5.locationE.not far away答案:1.E2.C3.D4.A5.B.阅读导学根据P40P41课文内容,选择正确答案。1.How do many people feel when they see the three names?A.S
5、atisfied.B.Confused.C.Disappointed.D.Curious.2.When was the name Great Britain given to the country?A.When Wales became part of England.B.When King James became the ruler of Scotland.C.When Scotland and Wales were united.D.When England and Wales were joined to Scotland.答案:B答案:D3.What resulted in the
6、 name“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”?A.That the Kingdom of Ireland was added to the country.B.That Northern Ireland broke away from the country.C.That Southern Ireland broke away from the country.D.That Scotland was separated from the country.4.Why does the English languag
7、e have so many French words?A.Because of the influence of the Romans.B.Because of the influence of the Anglo-Saxons.C.Because of the influence of the Vikings.D.Because of the influence of the Normans.答案:C答案:D重点词汇1.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.了解一
8、下英国历史会帮助你解决这个谜题。【词汇精讲】puzzle作名词,意为“谜;智力游戏;疑问”,作动词,意为“迷惑;使困惑”。What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说也是个谜题。Im in a puzzle as to what to do next.我不知道下一步该做什么。【词汇拓展】The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire.消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。To be honest,I sometimes fe
9、el puzzled about my future career.说实话,有时我对我以后的职业生涯感到困惑。【温馨提示】过去分词形式的形容词,如puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等,除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外,还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词,如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。【微写作】There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.小女孩的脸上有一种困惑的表情,因为
10、一个令人困惑的问题使她困惑不解。2.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke awayfrom the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离了英国,这形成了我们今天的全名:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。【词汇精讲】break away from是动词短语,意为“脱离;背叛;逃脱”。It was wrong o
11、f him to break away from all his good friends.他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?The prisoner broke away from his guards.犯人挣脱了看守。【词汇拓展】Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking into your house.仔细关好门窗,避免陌生人
12、闯入你的家中。3.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域共同努力。【词汇精讲】belong to是动词短语,意为“属于,应在某处;适应”。Those books belong to the library but this is my own.那些书是图书馆的,但这本是我自己的。【温馨提示】belong to中to为介词,后接名词或代词宾格。作后置定语时常用动词-ing形式。Anyone has no right to take the l
13、and belonging to the state as their own.任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。【词汇拓展】【误】The computers inside the classroom are belonged to ourschool.【正】The computers inside the classroom belong to our school.教室里的电脑属于我们学校。4.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military def
14、ence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。【词汇精讲】as well as意为“同(一样也);和;还”,在句中连接相同的成分。Science can be a force for evil as well as for good.科学可以促成好事,也可以导致坏事。She intends to fight to make it a womans as well as a mans world.她打算努力奋斗使它不但成为男人的世界,也成为女人的世界。【温馨提示】当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。The teacher
15、 as well as his classmates likes playing basketball.老师和学生们都喜欢打篮球。Marys parents as well as her sister are listening to a concert.玛丽的父母和她的妹妹在听音乐会。【词汇拓展】My little brother can speak English and French as well.我弟弟会说英语,也会说法语。Since you have started the job,you might as well finish it.既然你开了头,索性把这项工作做完吧。5.Th
16、ey use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。【词汇精讲】defence是名词,意为“防御;保卫”。The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.城墙是为防御敌人袭击而修建的。Humour is a more effective defence than violence.幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。【
17、词汇拓展】What points can be raised in defence of this argument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢?They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attacks.他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境免受可能的攻击。【微写作】In time of war,lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.
18、在战争时期,许多钱将花在国防上,并将采取许多措施来保卫一个国家免受攻击。6.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同群体统治这个地方的证据所包围。【词汇精讲】surround是及物动词,意为“围绕;包围”。A lake is an area of water surro
19、unded by land.湖泊就是被一片陆地包围的水域。Make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.确保自己身边环绕的是乐观向上的人。【词汇拓展】The teacher sat on the grass,surrounded with/by his students.那位老师坐在草地上,四周围着他的学生。The boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.这个男孩在美丽的环境中长大,但缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。
20、【微写作】He walked in the surrounding villages and found the surroundings very comfortable to live in.他在周围的村庄里散步,发现周边环境非常宜居。重点句式1.So what is the difference between them,if any?那么,如果有的话,它们之间有什么区别呢?【句式剖析】if any“如果有的话”,是省略形式,句子补全应为:if there is any difference between them。Please correct my mistakes,if any.如
21、果有错误,请帮我改正。Problems,if any,should be solved without delay.有问题要及时解决。【句式拓展】The garbage is then taken away and,if possible,recycled.然后垃圾被带走,如果可能的话会进行回收利用。She seldom,if ever,goes to the opera.她很少去看歌剧。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded byevidence of four different groups of peopl
22、e who took over atdifferent times throughout history.几乎你去英国的任何地方,你都会被在不同的历史时期四个不同群体统治这个地方的证据所包围。【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句,其中everywhere是连词,引导地点状语从句。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.他们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切几乎都被毁了。I wanted to save up money and buy my own car,so I applied everywhere I could that summer
23、.那年夏天,我想攒钱买属于自己的车,所以我四处求职。【温馨提示】(1)everywhere还可用作副词,意为“到处”。I looked for it everywhere,but didnt find it.我哪儿都找过了,但没有找到。注意:有时根据需要可与介词 from 连用。Congratulations poured in from everywhere.祝贺像潮水一样从四面八方涌来。(2)everywhere可用作表语,表示某种情况很普遍。Girls with long hair were everywhere in the 1960s.在20世纪60年代,女孩子留长发的现象相当普遍。
24、(3)everywhere用作名词,在句中作主语。Everywhere seemed to be silent.万籁俱寂。.单词拼写1.My friends all live(在附近),so I often get together with them.答案:nearby2.The body has natural(防御)mechanisms to protect it from disease.答案:defence3.Experts have found a lot of(证据)that stress is partly responsible for disease.答案:evidence
25、4.(围绕;包围)yourself with good people who love you and inspire you.答案:Surround5.Even a small success gives us a sense of(成就).答案:achievement.语篇填空When people hear the names the United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,England,they often are confused by what these different names mean and want to know 1.diffe
26、rence between them.2.(solve)this puzzle,you had better know a little bit about British history.In the 16th century,the country was called the Kingdom of England 3.the nearby country was joined to it.Two 4.(century)later,it changed to the Kingdom of Great Britain when Scotland was joined to it.In the
27、 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland 5.(add)to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away 6.the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.the To solvewhence
28、nturieswas addedfromThe four countries that belong to the United Kingdom have many things in common,7.they still have some differences,such as education systems,legal systems,and traditions as well as football teams for 8.(compete)like the World Cup!The United Kingdom 9.(go)through hard times in its
29、 history as many foreign invaders came to the country.They all had great influence on the country.There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.10.(study)the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.butcompetitionswentStudying.概
30、要写作根据P40P41课文内容,写一篇60词左右的内容概要。参考范文Many people are confused by the different names referring to the UK and want to know their differences.(要点1)Wales,Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland were joined to the country at different times,resulting in different names.(要点2)While the four countries work together in some areas,they also have some differences.(要点3)In its history,the United Kingdom was influenced by foreign invaders in many aspects,which makes the history and culture of the United Kingdom interesting to learn.(要点4)
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