1、2.3.2 等差数列的前n项和公式的应用考点一:等差数列的最值问题1、等差数列an中,a10,S9S12,该数列前多少项的和最小?解析解法一:设等差数列an的公差为d,则由题意得9a198d12a11211da110d,a10,Snna1n(n1)ddn2dn 2d.d0,Sn有最小值又nN*,n10或n11时,Sn取最小值解法二:同解法一,由S9S12得a110d,设,a10,解得10n11.n取10或11时,Sn取最小值解法三:S9S12,a10a11a120,3a110,a110.a10,前10项或前11项和最小2、首项为正数的等差数列an,它的前3项和与前11项和相等,则此数列前_项和
2、最大?答案7解析由S3S11,有3a111a1d得da10.Snna1da1n2a1na1(n7)2a1.故当n7时,Sn最大,即前7项和最大.考点二:含绝对值的数列的前n项和1、在等差数列an中,a160,a1712,求数列|an|的前n项和解析等差数列an的公差d3,ana1(n1)d60(n1)33n63.由an0,得3n630,即n20时,SnS20(SnS20)Sn2S2060n32(60203)n2n1 260.数列|an|的前n项和Sn.2、在数列an中,a18,a42且an22an1an0,nN*.(1)求数列an的通项公式;(2)设Sn|a1|a2|an|,求Sn.解析(1)an22an1an0,an是等差数列,又a4a13d83d2,d2,an82(n1)102n. (2)令102n0得n5,当n5时,an0,当n6时,an0,anan10,anan12,数列an是首项为1,公差为2的等差数列,an1(n1)22n1.(2)an2n1,bn,Bnb1b2b3bn.