1、2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点并列句和三大从句专练（二）一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）1.Work hard _ you will fail the exam.【答案】or【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：努力学习，否则你考试会不及格的。or否则，并列连词。根据句意，故填or.2.Many of them are American, _ we reject the idea that we have lost our edge as the best international film festival.【答案】but【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：其中许多都是美国影
2、片，但我们拒绝接受这样的观点：我们已经丧失了作为最佳国际电影节的优势。根据句意可知，前后句是转折关系，故填but.3.Then, after two and a half years, the mother drove the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, _ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.【答案】and【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：接下来，两年半后，妈妈把小熊猫赶走了。她是时候生一个新宝宝了，小熊猫也是时候独立了。分析可知，两
3、个完整的分句之间应该有连词连接。前后分句之间为并列关系，所以用and.故填and.4.When hunger strikes, we can reach for a healthy, nutritious meal, we can choose the junk food of high sugar.【答案】or【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：当饥饿来袭时，我们可以吃一顿健康、有营养的饭，或者我们可以选择高糖的垃圾食品。两个分句之间为选择关系。故填or.5.I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today
4、.【答案】for【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经看到了昨天，而且我热爱今天。根据空格前后语句间在语义上是因果关系，并列连词for意为“因为”，符合语境，故填for.6.He waited _ all the luggage was cleared, but his never appeared.【答案】until/till【解析】本题考查状语从句。由句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词引导状语从句；结合句意“他一直等到所有的行李都清了，但他的行李从未出现过”可知，此处需用从属连词until/till引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”。故填until/till.7.Hardly h
5、ad we left the dormitory the next morning _ we realized we had left our map in the room.【答案】when【解析】本题考查时间状语从句和倒装句式。句意：第二天早上我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到把地图忘在房间里了。hardly.when.“一就”，固定短语，此处hardly放句首，主句用部分倒装结构。故填when.8.It wasnt long _ we met again.【答案】before【解析】本题考查时间状语从句。句意：不久我们又见面了。此处考查固定句型Itwasnt long before.，表示“不久以
6、后就”，故填before.9.Youll never move others, heart to heart, _ your speech comes from your heart.【答案】unless【解析】本题考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你的演讲发自内心，否则你永远不会真心感动别人。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词“unless如果不，除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless.10.You cant come in _ children are not allowed in this place.【答案】because【解析】本题考查原因状语从句。句意：你不能进来，因为这里不允许
7、孩子进来。因为because，连词，引导原因状语从句。故填because.11.The website says, its time to start by reading aloud to anyone _ might like it.【答案】who/that【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：网站说，是到了对任何一个可能喜欢阅读的人大声朗读的时候了。设空处及后面内容为限定性定语从句，修饰anyone，指人，故填who/that.12.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.【
8、答案】whose【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：我希望感谢Professor Smith，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远。本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，whose指代先行词Professor Smith，在句中作为help的定语。定语从句关系代词只有whose可以放在名词前面做定语，故填whose.13.He talked a lot about things and persons _ they remembered in the school.【答案】that【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：他谈论了很多他们记住的在学校里的人和事情。这个定语从句中
9、的关系词在从句中充当宾语的成分，所以要用关系代词；而先行词是things and persons既有人，又有物，所以要用关系代词that.故填that.14.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.【答案】whose【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。先行词是those，指地震受灾者，定语从句中的lives是名词“生命”的意思，从句缺少定语；whose作定语，相当于and their lives.故填whose.
10、15._ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history【答案】As【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。分析句子可知，_ everyone knows是定语从句，关系词指代整个主句，从句置句首，用关系代词as，表示“如同”，as everyone know“众所周知”，置句首单词首字母大写，故填As.16.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members【答案】whom【解析】
11、本题考查定语从句的引导词。空格后是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以引导词要用关系代词，先行词是people，是人，空格前有介词of，介词后表示人的关系代词只能用宾格的whom，故填whom.17.Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.【答案】that【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为know的宾语从句，从句成分齐全，句意完整，故由连接词that引导。故填that.18.Suddenly it occurred to me _ I should report the acciden
12、t to the police.【答案】that【解析】本题考查主语从句和固定句型。It occurred to me that.我突然想起，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，此处句意为“我突然想到我应该向警方报案。”。故填that. 19.As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.【答案】what【解析】本题考查名词性从句。句意：作为新的毕业生，他不知道在这里开公司需要些什么。分析句意可知，此句是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词take缺少宾语，表示“事物”。故填what
13、.20.I hate it _ you throw my things out without talking to me.【答案】when【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我讨厌你不跟我说一声就把我的东西扔了。句中it做形式宾语，真正的宾语为_ you throw my things out without talking to me，从句中不缺主语或宾语，根据句意可知，句子也可以理解为”当你不跟我说一声就把我的东西扔了的时候，我就觉得很讨厌“，因此从句中缺少”当.的时候“，因此引导词用when，故填when.二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）1.（2019.全国
14、卷II）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _ she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which.2.（2019.全国卷II）I work not because I have to, _ because I want to.【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。句意：我工作不是因为我
15、不得不做，而是因为我想做。根据句意逻辑，此处为转折关系， “不是而是 ”之意，故填but.3.（201.9北京卷）What students do at college seems to matter much more than _ they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where.4.（201.9北京卷）The students benefiting most from college are those _ are totally engaged(参与)in acad
16、emic life,taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源).【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中做主语，代指人，故填who或that.5.（2018.全国卷II）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the gov
17、ernment started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。故填that/which
18、.6.（2018.全国卷III）Im not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 【答案】who【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who.7.（2017.全国卷I）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health.【答案】which
19、【解析】考查定语从句。句意:和其他东西一样,两者都有可能食用过多,这对健康是没有好处的。设空处指代前面的一句话,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which.8.(2016全国卷I ) In much of Asia, especially the so-calledrice bowl cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.【答案】and 【解析】考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字，是并列关系，故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接。故填and.9.(2016四川卷) it c
20、ried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.【答案】When/If【解析】考查从句连词。观察句子结构可知，当幼崽哭了或者如果幼崽哭了，句首第一个字母大写，故填When/If.10.（2015.全国卷II）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【答案】how【解析】考查名词性从
21、句。句意：美国西南部印第安人们清楚土坯墙需要多么厚，才能最好地保证房内冷热的循环。“_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days”是figure out的宾语从句。由句意可知，该从句要用how引导。how修饰形容词thick，意为“多么”。故填how.三、并列句和三大从句专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）There was a time _1_ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And t
22、his was _2_ my father forced me to join in a 30day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, _3_ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide, _4_ teacher was Yu Minhong,
23、communicated with me facetoface, from _5_ I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities _6_ we did.I should be grate
24、ful to my father and the guide, _7_ encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting _8_ I put my entire energy into learning English. Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through _9_ I ca
25、n memorize a large number of new words. _10_ our English teacher says, “As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.” 1.【答案】when【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。句意：有一段时间，我讨厌学英语并且不喜欢说英语。There was a time when. “有一段时间”。故填when.2.【答案】why【解
26、析】本题考查表语语从句用法。This is/was why. “这就是的原因”。故填why.3.【答案】where【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。先行词是the club，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where.4.【答案】whose【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my guide，代入定语从句后为：My guides teacher was Yu Minhong.由此可见，先行词与teacher之间是所属关系，故填whose.5.【答案】which【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。先行词为“my guide communicated with me facet
27、oface”；先行词在定语从句中作from的宾语，且介词from提前，故填which.6.【答案】that/which/不填【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词是activities，且先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which.7.【答案】who【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my father and the guide，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“人”，故填who.8.【答案】that【解析】本题考查宾语从句用法。句意：现在我觉得我把我的全部精力都花在学习英语上很有趣。在句式feel it interesting that中，代词it指代that
28、从句，充当宾语，是形式宾语，that为句中真正的宾语，是宾语从句。并且that在宾语从句在不作任何成分。故填that.9.【答案】which【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。每天入睡前我总是回忆所学的文章，通过这种方法，我能记住大量的英语生词。先行词为I recall the passages，关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语，且介词已被提前，故填which.10.【答案】As【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。句意：正如我们英语老师所说的：“只要你们养成每天学英语的习惯并且坚持不懈，你们迟早会征服英语。”非限制性定语从句置于句首，指代引号内直接引语的内容，故填As.