1、第四节 词句猜测题A(2020石家庄高三阶段检测)Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from morethannecessary radiation during breast cancer treatmentsand now，her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.Butson，whose father works in medical physics，has alwa
2、ys been interested in science.But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer，she felt inspired to conduct her own research o
3、n the subject.She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals，but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals.As she went deeper in her research，she stumbled upon a
4、 key bit of information: copper(铜)has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation.An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class.When she saw the scale(鳞)patterns of the mail(铠甲)，she was inspired to create a wearable prote
5、ctive tool out of copper.She then headed back online and watched videos on how to put tiny scales together.She made her own flexible scale mail which she now calls SMART(Scale Maille Armour for Radiation Therapy)When her invention was tested in a laboratory setting，it reduced surface exposure to unn
6、ecessary radiation by 75%.And now Butson is working on getting her SMART into clinical settings for use.语篇解读文章讲述了Macinley Butson通过自己的研究与努力，制造出了铜制的鳞甲，可以用于减少癌症病人在放射性治疗中所遭受的不必要的辐射。1Why did Macinley Butson start her research?ATo assist her father with his work.BTo save her relative from cancer.CTo publi
7、sh some articles in journals.DTo find effective ways to treat cancer.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.”可知，在她的父亲谈论有关他工作中无效的癌症治疗经历后，她才开始研究放射治疗的副作用。由此可知，Macinl
8、ey Butson开始自己的研究是为了找到治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。答案：D2What does the underlined phrase “stumbled upon” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ACame across.BMissed.CPassed on. DRequired.解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“As she went deeper in her research”以及第三句中的“An idea hit this Australian teen”可知，Macinley Butson是在深入研究的过程中，无意中发现这一条重要信息的，并
9、且根据这一条信息再加上受所看的中世纪战争电影的启发，她有了一个主意。由此可知，stumbled upon的含义与A项“偶然发现”相近，故选A。答案：A3Where did Macinley Butson get inspiration for her invention?AVideos online.BScientific journals.CHistory textbooks.DSoldiers defensive clothes.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“When she saw the scale patterns of the mail，she was inspired to
10、 create a wearable protective tool out of copper.”可知，Macinley Butson是从士兵的铠甲上获得发明灵感的，故选D。答案：D4Which of the following best describes Macinley Butson?AStubborn. BCreative.CSelfless. DConsiderate.解析：推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，Macinley Butson通过查阅科学杂志进行放射治疗的副作用方面的研究，随着研究的深入，她知道了铜在保护皮肤免受辐射方面有效，又受所看的中世纪战争电影中士兵所穿的鳞甲的启发而
11、发明出了可减少癌症病人在放射性治疗中所遭受的不必要的辐射的铜制鳞甲SMART。由此可知，她是非常具有创造力的。故选B。答案：B词汇积累：Para.2：ineffective adj.无效果的，不起作用的consult vt.查阅Para.3：medieval adj.中世纪的wearable adj.可穿戴的B(2020平顶山5月联考)Paying $645 for a pair of pants(长裤)created by an unknown fashion brand might seem ludicrous，but what if the pants would last foreve
12、r？Will that reason make you look smart？Thats the promise of adventure clothing brand Vollebak，which announces its new pants will last a century.Vollebak cofounder Steve Tidball says that the company stands behind the 100year guarantee because the new pants are made of a tough material and you can wa
13、lk through fire in them.Technically，the 100 Year Pants are made of a threelayer(层)material.The outer layer resists water and is designed to avoid abrasions(磨损)，the middle layer is fireproof and expands as an airbag at high temperatures，acting as a barrier between your legs and the flames，while the t
14、hird layer doesnt burn，offering extra protection.“Most fireresistant clothing is made from heavy and uncomfortable chemical materials，but this is the worlds first special material that can be comfortably worn every day，” Vollebak cofounder Nick Tidball said.“It was originally designed to help soldie
15、rs handle extreme situations，but without having to dress like firefighters.”Still，100 years sounds like a long time for a pair of pants，especially if you wear them frequently.So how do you know theyll last that long？Vollebak put them through the Martindale abrasion resistance test，where a mechanical
16、 thumb(机械拇指)rubs against the pants until the fibers start to break.A regular clothing material can survive 25，000 revolutions，but the special material these pants are made of passed 100，000 cycles of wear.Even then，it was checked to see if any of the fibers had broken.Vollebak says they hadnt.The 10
17、0 Year Pants are made suitable for all kinds of activities，from mountain climbing to yoga，and are stylish enough.So if youre looking to buy the last pair of pants youll ever need，these seem like a pretty good choice.$645 is a lot，but if you think about it，its just $6.45 per year.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了Voll
18、ebak用特殊材料制作的可穿100年的长裤，旨在向消费者推荐此款长裤。5What does the underlined word “ludicrous” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?ANecessary.BConfidential.CChallenging. DRidiculous.解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“Paying $645 for a pair of pants created by an unknown fashion brand might seem ludicrous，but what if the pants would last
19、forever？Will that reason make you look smart？”可推断，画线词与ridiculous意思最为接近。答案：D6What makes Vollebaks pants different from most fireresistant clothing?AThat they are designed for firefighters.BThat they are comfortable to wear daily.CThat they are extremely tough and thick.DThat they are effective in res
20、isting water.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Most fireresistant clothing is made from heavy and uncomfortable chemical materials，but this is the worlds first special material that can be comfortably worn every day”可知，Vollebak的长裤的独特之处在于它们很舒适，可以日常穿。答案：B7How does the text prove Vollebaks pants are abrasionresistant?ABy
21、 referring to the results of a certain test.BBy mentioning wearers positive comments.CBy reporting the whole process of production.DBy asking technicians to wear them frequently.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Vollebak put them through the Martindale abrasion resistance test.”及“A regular clothing material can surviv
22、e 25，000 revolutions，but the special material these pants are made of passed 100，000 cycles of wear.Even then，it was checked to see if any of the fibers had broken.Vollebak says they hadnt.”可推断，本文通过提及特定测试的结果来证明Vollebak的长裤耐磨损。答案：A8What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo recommend the spec
23、ial pants to consumers.BTo research the unique designs of the new pants.CTo speak highly of clothing designers creativity.DTo comment on a famous companys latest products.解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段“So if youre looking to buy the last pair of pants youll ever need，these seem like a pretty good choice.$645 is a lot，but if you think about it，its just $6.45 per year.”可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是向消费者推荐此款长裤。答案：A