1、Unit 12 Culture Shock.阅读理解A(2019北大附中高考英语模拟试卷(3月份)Baths in JapanIn many western countries people do not bathe (沐浴) every day. Sometimes they bathe only once a week. Sometimes they bathe two or three times a week. They do not bathe often because the weather is cold or because hot water is expensive. T
2、hey use electricity or wood to boil the water. Electricity and wood cost a lot of money. In cold countries people usually do not feel they are dirty if they do not have a bath.In Japan people bathe very often. Most people have a bath every day. When the weather is hot they sometimes have two or thre
3、e baths a day. They bathe in very hot water. Usually the water is almost boiling. They believe that these very hot baths also stop them from falling ill.Each house has its own bathroom but there are also big bathhouses for everybody. They are found everywhere in Japan. In the bathhouse there is one
4、part for men and one part for women. The bath is usually three meters wide, three meters long and about one meter deep: halfway down there is a narrow (狭窄的) seat that goes all the way around the bath. Many people use the bath but it is not dirty. Before a person gets into the big bath, they wash the
5、mselves first, and then get into the big bath. The person stays there for a short time. When they get out of the bath, they wash their body with soap and water. After the soap is all washed away, the person gets into the big bath again. Soap is not used in the big bath.The water in the big bath is c
6、hanged quite often. The water is also very hot. In some places people hit the water with sticks first. They do this to make the water cooler. Then the men get into the bath very slowly and carefully. When a man gets into a bath, he says. “Excuse me.” He does this because most of the hot water comes
7、directly out of the ground. In other places people boil the water with a big fire. In a small bath at home sometimes people light a fire under the bath. When the water is hot, people in the family take a bath one by one.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在许多西方国家，人们不经常洗澡，因为天气寒冷或热水很贵。但在日本，人们几乎每天都会洗澡，并且认为水越热越好。1.Which of t
8、he following is not true about baths？A.Taking baths can help people relax themselves.B.Taking baths can refresh people.C.Taking baths can keep people clean.D.Taking baths can make people nervous.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，洗澡可以帮助人们放松自己，可以让人焕然一新，可以让人们保持清洁。故不正确的选项为D。2.What do people use to boil water in many w
9、estern countries？A.Electricity.BGas.C.Coal.DStraw.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句“They use electricity or wood to boil the water.”可知，在许多西方国家，人们用电来烧水。故选A。3.What is the size of a public bath？A.Three meters long, three meters wide and about three meters deep.B.Three meters long, one meter wide and about three met
10、ers deep.C.Three meters long, three meters wide and about one meter deep.D.One meter long, three meters wide and about three meters deep.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“The bath is usually three meters wide, three meters long and about one meter deep”可知，公共浴池的大小是三米长，三米宽，约一米深。故选C。B(2019安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学东城校区高三模拟)Pacing
11、 and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steves new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacin
12、g and pausing.Conversation is a turntaking game. When our habits are similar, theres no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before Im finished or fail to take your turn when Im finished. Thats what was happening with Betty and Sara.It may not be coincidental that Betty, w
13、ho expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a
14、 hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are oft
15、en the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定势). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept s
16、earching for the right time to break inand never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.Thats
17、why slight differences in conversational styletiny little things like microseconds of pausecan have a great effect on ones life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problemseven in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for asser
18、tiveness training.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同国家语言交谈的文化差异。4.What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her？A.Betty was talkative. B.Betty was an interrupter.C.Betty did not take her turn. D.Betty paid no attention to Sara.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation
19、, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk.”可知，Sara认为Betty不接她的话。故答案为C。5.According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns？A.Americans. BIsraelis. C.The British. DThe Finns.答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses bet
20、ween turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. . And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.” 可知，Sara期望对话停顿短些，而Sara却发现在拉丁美洲人和以色列人之间插话很难找到时间，这说明他们之间的说话停顿更短。故答案为B。6.We can learn from the passage that _.A.communication break
21、down results from short pauses and fast pacingB.women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC.ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD.one should receive training to build up ones confidence答案：C推理判断题。根据文章的第三段可知，不同国家之间的对话停顿时间不同，这是由各国的文化决定的。故答案为C。7.The underlined
22、 word “assertiveness” in the last paragraph probably means _.Abeing willing to speak ones mind B.being able to increase ones powerCbeing ready to make ones own judgment D.being quick to express ones ideas confidently答案：D词义猜测题。在画线的这一段提到了停顿时间很长对人们生活有很大的影响。故后面应该是相反的，“能够快速流利地交流”。故答案为D。.七选五(2019山东省高考英语模拟
23、试卷(3月份)The rules about how to talk, eat and sit, which are highly limited, are observed in most Western restaurants and homes. _1_ Many Westerners have no idea how to act at the Chinese dinner table. No forks or knives for them to use! The Chinese host makes great, sweeping arm movements that go ove
24、r large sections of the table, passing over both food and friends alike. _2_ However, it leaves many foreigners at a loss for what to do.In my childhood home, dinner was enjoyed with low voices, and the topics that we could discuss were very limited. _3_ If I had to leave the table to use the toilet
25、, I had to excuse myself without mentioning what it was that I was going to do. “May I be excused, please? I need to wash my hands.” I would say. My mother would say, “Sure.” My father would often play a joke on me by saying, “_4_”As for eating, we did it quietly. No eating noises were allowed. Ever
26、ything must be done as quietly as possible. If any sound was created by eating food or drinking, it would be considered as bad manners！_5_ He is to sit up straight with the recessive hand (usually the left) in ones lap holding a napkin while the dominant hand (usually the right) holds the fork or sp
27、oon. The only time one is allowed to have both hands on the table is when he is using a knife to cut something. A.How one sits at the table is also prescribed. B.We were not allowed to talk about anything that made listeners uncomfortable. C.Cant you think up a better excuse than that? D.Theyre comp
28、letely different from what we find here in China. E.Your hands dont look dirty! F.The scene is fantastic. G.In general they were all strictly forbidden topics.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方在餐桌礼仪上的差异。1.D根据设空处后一句可知，西方人对于中国的餐桌礼仪不太清楚。说明中西方餐桌礼仪差别很大。D项：中西方的餐桌礼仪完全不一样，符合文意。故选D。2.F设空处前一句描述中国人吃饭的情景。在西方人看来，这样的场景是难以想
29、象的。F项：这种场景很奇异，符合上下文。故选F。3.B设空处前一句中作者介绍了自己小时候吃饭的时候，很少说话，讨论的话题也较少。B项：我们不被允许谈论任何让人感到不舒服的事情，符合上下文语境，故选B。4.E本段介绍了当我要去厕所的时候，妈妈总是同意，而父亲会和我开玩笑。E项：“Your hands dont look dirty！”恰好是父亲和我开玩笑的内容，符合上下文，故选E。5.A根据设空处后一句可知在西方吃饭的时候是有很多礼仪和规则的。A项：人坐在桌边也是有规则的，符合本段中心思想。故选A。.语法填空(2019广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Bank of China and Ali
30、baba are the dream employers for Chinese students, according to a new survey.The survey of more than 55,000 students, _1_ (conduct) by a research firm Universum, found that _2_ (rough) a quarter want to work for an international company, while only 9% want to work for a startup. Five percent want to
31、 start _3_ own business.When it comes to desirable companies, business students _4_ (recognize) Bank of China as the top choice for seven years, and it shows no signs of _5_ (give) up its lead.William Wu, manager of Universum, said that banking remains _6_ attractive industry for young Chinese. “Chi
32、nas government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry, _7_ leaves the younger generation with the impression that though banking is a _8_ (tradition) industry, there are still a lot of development _9_ (opportunity)，” Wu said.Alibaba improved six places from 2014, _10_ (rank) secon
33、d among business students. It held a recordbreaking $25 billion IPO in September.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新调查表明，中国银行和阿里巴巴是中国学生的梦想雇主。1.conducted考查非谓语动词。survey和conduct之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填conducted。2.roughly考查词性转换。此空修饰整个句子，用副词修饰，作状语，故填roughly。3.their考查代词。句意：5%的人想要创办他们自己的生意。所以用物主代
34、词，故填their。4.have recognized考查时态。根据时间状语for seven years可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，故填have recognized。5.giving考查非谓语动词。介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填giving。6.an考查冠词。此处泛指一种行业，attractive是以元音音素开头，故填an。7.which考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子内容用which引导定语从句，故填which。8.traditional考查词性转换。此处修饰名词用形容词，作定语，故填traditional。9.opportunities考查名词。opportuni
35、ty为可数名词，作主语，谓语是are，所以用复数，故填opportunities。10.ranking考查非谓语动词。rank和Alibaba是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故填ranking。.书面表达(2019吉林省辉南县一中高三上学期第二次月考)假定你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席。你校最近成立了汉语戏剧社团，得知在你校做交换生的Jack对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你就此事用英语给他写一封电子邮件。主要内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.成立汉语戏剧社团的目的；3.打算开展的活动。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文Dear Jack, Im very
36、glad to know that youre quite interested in traditional Chinese culture, so Im writing to invite you to join the Chinese drama club of our school.To offer students a chance to experience and learn more about Chinese drama, our school set up this new club last month. Not only can students enjoy lectures about Chinese drama given by professional drama performers, they can also have chances to practice drama as well as put on performances alongside professionals.Personally, I think this club is a good choice for you, so please sign up for it as early as possible.Yours，Li Hua- 7 -