1、2022最新英语时事阅读题五（适用于初三和高一学生）A篇Dogs can tell the difference between different languages, researchers inHungaryhave found. For their study, the researchers played recordings of the story The LittlePrince in both Spanish and Hungarian to a group of 18 dogs. Then they examined how the animals brainsreacte
2、d.The study was led by Laura V. Cuaya at Eotvos Lorand University in Budapest. She moved toHungaryfromMexicoa few years ago and brought her dog Kun-kun with her. I wondered whether Kun-kun noticed that people in Budapest spoke a different language, Hungarian, she said. She said the study found for t
3、he first time thata non-human brain can distinguish(区别) (between) languages.Raul Hernandez-Perez is a co-writer of the study. He said thatwhen dogs live with humans, they can learn patterns of the language they hear.During the experiment, Kun-kun and other dogs were trained to lie down in a brain sc
4、anner for several minutes. Every dog in the study had heard only one of two languages spoken by their owners - either Hungarian orSpanish. Then researcherscomparedhow their brainsreactedto a highlyfamiliarlanguage and to a completelyunfamiliarone.Cuaya said thatdogs could understand the differences
5、in how the two languages are spoken.Spanish, she said, is more melodic（有韵律）, while Hungarian is more monotone（单调）. We believe that dogsdetectthat, she said.The dogs listened to parts of The LittlePrince in Spanish and Hungarian. Researchers also playedscrambledversions（版本）of the story to test if the
6、y could hear the difference between speech and non-speech. To scramble a recording means to change it so that listeners are not able to understand it.Whencomparingbrainreactions, researchers found clear activity in the dogs primary auditory（听觉） or hearing area of the brain. That suggested that they
7、can distinguish between speech and non-speech.The dogs secondary auditory area is for understandingcomplexsounds. This part of the dogs brainsproduceddifferent activity patterns when they heard afamiliarlanguagecomparedto anunfamiliarlanguage.The researchers also found that the older the dogs were,
8、the better they were able to distinguish between the two languages.（357 words） 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. What language does Kun-Kun listen to first in its life? A. English B. Spanish C. Hungarian D. Chinese2. Which sentence from the passage is the best main idea for the report? A. Dogs can tell the differenc
9、e between different languages. B. A non-human brain can distinguish (between) languages. C. when dogs live with humans, they can learn patterns of the language they hear. D. dogs could understand the differences in how the two languages are spoken.3. What did the researchers not do for the study? A.
10、 Before testing, they scanned the brains of the dogs before they are tested. B. While testing, they played non-speech recordings for the dogs. C. While testing, they played recordings of different languages for the dogs. D. After testing, they compared the dogs brain reactions to the recordings.4. W
11、hat does the underlined wordscrambledmean? A. melodic B. monotoneC. familiar D. disorderly5. Which statement is true about dogs hearing? A. Dogs cant understand complex sounds. B. A young dog can understand a language better than an old one. C. They can understand a melodic language better than a mo
12、notone one. D. Dogs secondary auditory understands a complex language better than the primary auditory.B篇Some Dutchcitizenshave found new ways toreleasetheirangerabout the continuing COVID-19pandemic by shouting andsmashingthings.Twin brothers Steven and Brian Krijger showed a reporter from Reuters
13、howenjoyableit can be tocrushcars at a vehicle wreckage center in the town of Vijfhuizen, near Amsterdam. One used a sledgehammer and the other a crowbar todestroya Peugeot 106 car. The exercise is part of a Dutch program called Car Smash. It aims to give people living under newanti-virusrestriction
14、s ways toreleasetheirangerand frustrations(沮丧). The feelings havebuilt upduring apandemicthat is now entering its third year.Dutch bars, restaurants and most stores have been closed since mid-December when the newmeasures took effect. There strictions are set to remain in place until at least Januar
15、y 14. The government isseeking tocontainrecord numbers of coronavirus cases.There is nothing to do these days, Brian told Reuters. We cant work because, we own a bar and we are closed. So, we thought wed let some of that frustration go and smash a car.Merlijn Boshuizenrunsthe CarSmash program. He sa
16、id people taking part are first asked to spray-paint whats present in their lives onto their chosen vehicle. Then, when they startwreckinga car, they are asked to close their eyes and feel their feet on the ground. Boshuizen says thegoalis for the person to feel thepower, every vein(血管) in your body
17、, feel what you are doing, and in that way to try to get it out of your life.Nearby, in the Hague, voice trainer Julie ScottoperatesScreechat the Beach. It is a program with similar aims as CarSmash. Scott told Reuters she developed the idea while looking for somethingphysicaland something torelease
18、some of the tension that has beenbuilding upin people.On a recent day, Julie joined Rozemarijn Kardijk on a windy beach near the shore. Kardijk jumped up and down shouting until sheran out ofbreath while trying not to laugh. You can just -Whaa! Let yourself go, Kardijk said. She is a business secret
19、ary hoping to learn to speak with moreconfidencein herprofessionallife. You dont have to think about other things, its the wideness of the beach and the sea . Kardijk said. Your voice goes over the sea and it doesnt return to you. Its a sense offreedom.(414 words ) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. Some Dutch citize
20、ns have found new ways to release their anger because _. A. they lose their jobs in recent days. B. they have nothing to do these days C. they have built up bad feelings during the pandemic. D. they feel angry with the restrictions.2. How long has the pandemic lasted for? A. one year B. two years C.
21、 more than two years D. three years.3. The new anti-virus restrictions will remain in place for _. A. one month B. tow months C. three months D. half a year.4. From the report we can infer that the people taking part the program paint _ on the cars. A. something enjoyable in their livesB. something
22、making them unhappy in their lives C. their advice on the restrictionsD. their wishes during the pandemic5. Which group of words doesnt mean closely in the report?A. smash -crush, B. destroy - wreckC. operate run D. screech - releaseC篇A new study suggests thatseverestorms arelikelyto startaffectingw
23、ider areas that include cities like New York, Boston, Beijing and Tokyo. An international research team predicts that bigatmosphericstorms called tropical cyclones could move further to the north or south. It said this is because of the effects of planet-warming climate change.The U.S. National Ocea
24、nic andAtmosphericAdministration describes tropical cyclones as organizedsystems of clouds andthunderstorms that develop over bodies of water.Majortropical cyclones are declared either hurricanes or typhoons, depending on where the storms happen. In the North Atlantic, central North Pacific and east
25、ern North Pacific, the term hurricane is used. In the Northwest Pacific, the storms are called typhoons.The researchers suggest that hurricanes and typhoons could start appearing farther north in the northern half of the world and farther south in the southern half of the world. Those areas contain
26、larger population centers that traditionally are not struck by large hurricanes or typhoons.Joshua Studholme was the lead writer of the study, which recently appeared in Nature Geoscience. He said in a statement the study representsan important, under-estimated risk of climate change.This research p
27、redicts that the 21st centurys tropical cyclones will likely occur over a wider range of latitudes(纬度) than has been the case on Earth for the last 3 million years, he added.The researchers note that tropical cyclones form close to the equator in warm, tropical oceans. But the study suggests that wa
28、rming climates on Earth will create smaller temperature differences between the equator and the poles. In the summer months this could cause the jet stream to weaken or split(分裂). If this were to happen, it could open a window in the mid-latitudes for tropical cyclones to form andintensify, the rese
29、archers said.The researchers said their models estimated that, during periods with warmer climates, tropical cyclones formed andintensifiedat higher latitudes.These periods of warm weather include the Eocene, which was 56 to 34 million years ago, and Pliocene, 5.3 to 2.6 million years ago.Alexey Fed
30、orov is a professor of oceanic andatmosphericsciences at Yale.He was a co-writer of the study.He said in a statement that there are still large uncertainties about how tropical cyclones will change in the future.However, he added that multiple lines ofevidence suggest more tropical cyclones are like
31、ly to happen in mid-latitudes,even if the totalfrequency(频率) of tropical cyclones does not increase.One leader of the research was Kerry Emanuel. Another recent study led by Emanuel suggests that the North Atlantic experienced an increase in hurricanes over the last century.That study,publishedlast
32、month in Nature Communications,usedhistoricalrecords to build computer models to create climate conditions for the last 150 years.The results showed that the number of intense Atlantic storms would become morefrequentas world temperatures rose.(482 words) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. Why will there be the sever
33、e storms to start affecting wider areas? A. Because there will be bigger temperature differences between the equator and the poles.B. Because the planet becoming warmer and warmer.C. Because tropical cyclones will change more uncertainly in the future.D. Because the storms will be stronger in the fu
34、ture.2. An organizedsystems of clouds and thunderstorms happening in North Pacific is usually called _. A. cyclone B. storm C. hurricane D. typhoon3. How do the severestorms start affecting wider areas? A. The storms could happen farther north in the southern half of the worldB. The storms could hap
35、pen farther south in the southern half of the world.C. The storms could happen closer to the equator in warm, tropical oceansD. The storms could happen farther away from the cold poles.4. How many researchers are mentioned in the report? A. 1. B. 2C. 3 D. 45. What does the underlined wordintensifyme
36、an? A. to become stronger in degree or strength B. to become larger in size. C. to become higher in temperature. D. to become more often in frequency(频率).D篇Japans government says it willtreatradioactive wastewater from thedamagedFukushima nuclear center andpipeit into the sea. The plan,announcedthis
37、 week, includesguidelines for compensation(补偿) to be paid to local businessesaffectedby therelease. The radioactive water will betreatedand diluted(稀释) before beingreleasedinto the Pacific Ocean. The plancalls onthe International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to complete a report on its findings about
38、 the safety of thetreatedwater.Fishermen and people living in the area have opposed(反对) therelease of more than 1 million tons of water beginning in the spring of 2023. Japan has said the waterreleaseis necessary tomove forward withcleanup efforts at the Fukushima center. Threereactorsthere suffered
39、 meltdowns after the 2011earthquakeand huge ocean waves destroyed the plants cooling systems. The disasterforced160,000 people to flee nearby areaspoisonedby radioactivematerial.The nuclear centersoperator, known as TEPCO, has said Fukushima wasrunning out ofstorage space for radioactive water. Itre
40、leaseddetailedplans earlier this month for the waterrelease. They included the building of an undergroundpassage, or tunnel, from the factory to the ocean. The tunnel is expected to be about a kilometer long and 2.5 meters around. Thetreatedwater willflowthrough the tunnel to the sea.The Japanese go
41、vernment says the oceanreleaseis the mostrealisticway tosolvethe water storage problem. Other methodsconsideredincluded injecting（注射）the water into the ground or converting（转换）it tosteamor hydrogen（氢气）and thenreleasingit into theatmosphere. The government describes the water to bereleasedas treated
42、and not radioactive. Butexpertssay it is impossible toget rid ofall the radioactivity（放射性物质）.TEPCO and government officials say tritium a radioactiveformof hydrogen is the only substance（物质）that cannot be removed from the water. They say tritium is notconsideredharmfulin smallamounts.(330) 根据文章内容,选择
43、最佳答案.1. Which is not included in the plan announced byJapanthis week? A. Releasing the radioactive wastewater into the sea through a pipe. B. Paying to local businesses affected by the release. C. Requesting IAEAsreport on its findings about the safety of the treated water. D. Building an undergroun
44、d passage, or tunnel, from the factory to the ocean.2. According to the plan, when will the release begin? A. This week B. earlier this month C. two years later D. two months later3.Japandecides to release the wastewater into the sea because _. A. it is radioactive. B. there will be earthquakes late
45、r. C. IAEA announced its safety after being treated. D. there will be no enough place to keep the water.4. What do the experts think about the radioactive wastewater? A.The ocean release is the most realistic way to solve the water storage problem. B. The water to be released as treated is not radio
46、active. C. It is impossible to remove all the radioactivity from the wastewater.D. Tritium is not considered harmful in small amounts.5. Which of the following phrases matches its definition correctly? A.call on -take ones order B. move forward deal with C. run out of use up D. get rid of collect6.
47、How many methods are mentioned to solve theproblem in the report?A.one B. two C. three D. fourE篇A small, but growing,movementis trying to find a way to deal with the problem of diabetes(糖尿病) in the United States. This movement is made up of special programs, doctors, hospitals and health officials t
48、hat areconcernedabout increasingevidencethat the food system in theUnited Statesis making people sick.The food system has made it easier and less costly for people to eat too manyprocessedfoods. A Reuters news agency report earlier this year suggested that diabetesrepresentsamajorpublic health failu
49、re in theUnited States. The number of Americans with the disease has grown quickly in recentdecadeseven though spending on new treatments has increased as well. Diet, or the foods that people eat, plays an important part in the life and health of people with diabetes, yet it israrelydealt with in th
50、eU.S.healthcare system. Government programs, insurers and medical providers spend billions of dollars on costly medications(药物), operations(手术) and medical devices to treat patients.Devon Klatell is the Rockefeller Foundations managing director of food initiatives. Klatell said that the U.S. has und
51、er-invested, meaning not spent enough time and effort in food andnutritionwithin the healthcare sector(行业,领域). She added: There is overwhelming(压倒性的)evidencethat our food system is making lots of us sick.Poor diets,along withlessactivelifestyles, aredirectlylinkedto type 2 diabetes, the most commonf
52、ormof the disease. Highlyprocessedfoods full of sugars and fats play a part in the high blood sugar levels and obesity(肥胖症) that often lead to type 2.Of the estimated 34 million Americans with diabetes, about 95 percent are type 2. About 1.6 million Americans have type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune dise
53、ase of unknown cause that requires lifelong insulin shots. Unlike type 1 patients, those with type 2 diabetes may be able to manage orreducethe severity of their illness through diet and exercise, greatly reducing the risk of very bad health problems.With the right diet, some may even be able to liv
54、e without medication. A small number of special programs seek to make it easier for patients to eat right. These programs take manyforms. In Pennsylvania, doctors write diabetes patients prescriptions(处方) for healthy food to be filled at food pharmacies(药店) that look like small grocery stores. In Sa
55、nta Barbara, California, a clinic(诊所) offers bags of fresh food every week to dozens of diabetes patients.Dr. Namino Glantz is an associate director at the Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, which runs the Farming for Life program in Santa Barbara. Glantz said: We can improve peoples health as much
56、 by offering vegetables as we can in many cases by offering medication.Dr. Yamini Teegala ischiefmedical officer at Rocking Horse, a food program. Teegala believes there is a difference between giving drugs and eating healthy foods. A prescription drugimpactsan individual, Teegala said. Healthy food
57、 and eating habits affect communities forgenerationsto come.（496 words） 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. The people in the movement try to deal with the problem of diabetes by _. A. providing people with more cheaper food. B. changing the food system in US. C. advising people to have more processed food. D. providi
58、ng better treatments and medications.2. The quick-growing number of diabetes inAmericameans _. A. people should take part in the movement. B. The medications, operations and medical devices dont help the patients. C. The US government didnt do well in the public health. D. people should not eat proc
59、essed foods.3. Which statement istrueabout tow types of diabetes? A. Poor diets and lifestyles may cause both of the two types. B. Most of the diabetes are type 1.C. One will have to have lifelong insulin shots if he has type 2 diabetes. D. Good diet and exercise can help you with your type 2 diabet
60、es.4. From Glants we can infer that_. A. medication cant deal with the diabetes well. B. doctors should give more drugs to the patients.C. healthy food and eating habits are more important than medications.D. there is a difference between giving drugs and eating healthy foods.5. Which sentence from
61、the report tell the main idea? A. The food system in theUnited Statesis making people sick. B. The food system has made it easier and less costly for people to eat too many processed foods.C. Diabetes represents a major public health failure in theUnited States. D. The number of Americans with the disease has grown quickly in recent decades答案：1B2B3A4D5D答案：1C2C3B4B5D答案：1B2C3B4C5A答案：1D2C3D4C5C6C答案：1B2C3D4C5A
Copyright@ 2020-2024 m.ketangku.com网站版权所有