1、组合练(十六)阅读理解阅读七选五短文改错.阅读理解AThe latest Global Hunger Index report estimates two billion people worldwide suffer from hidden hunger.People who suffer from hidden hunger have enough to eat, but the quality of their food is low.The report warns that food quality is just as important as quantity.The repor
2、t lists the countries by the percentage of the population who cant have adequate intake of nutrition, children younger than five years old who weigh less than they should and the death rate of newborn babies.It says 10 of the 14 countries with the worst scores are located south of the Sahara Desert
3、in Africa.More than 60 percent of people there are undernourished.The percentage has doubled in the past ten years and the expected life of people there has fallen by ten years since 1990.People suffer from food insecurity and high unemployment because of climate change and lack of rain in particula
4、r.But the news was not all bad.The report says the number of children under age five who die in subSaharan Africa has dropped since 2000, probably because of a decrease in malaria (疟疾) rate.Vietnams score has dropped more than 75 percent since 1990.The number of underweight children in Vietnam has d
5、ropped sharply, and the number of children under age five who die has been cut in half.Eating lowquality food can hurt people as much as not getting enough food.Hidden hunger is very different from the socalled visible hunger.It means lack of micronutrient (微量元素) or vitamins in a persons diet, which
6、 can cause longterm and great damage to their mental and physical health.And this is particularly severe for children.This kind of hunger can also weaken the immune system.It can also affect a persons mind and even cause deaths.The Global Hunger Index reports hidden hunger is happening even as level
7、s of hunger in many developing countries decrease.People can be overweight but still suffer from hidden hunger.To keep fit, they should have a balanced diet and eat a variety of fruits and vegetables.Its high time that countries all over the world should work together to bring an end to hidden hunge
8、r.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。根据最新的全球饥饿指数报告，全世界有二十亿人患有隐性饥饿。患有隐性饥饿的人有足够的食物吃，但他们的食物质量不高，饮食中缺乏微量元素和维生素。该报告指出食品质量和食品数量同等重要。1What can we learn from Paragraph 1?ATwo billion people die of hidden hunger every year.BHidden hunger is the most serious food problem worldwide.CPeople who eat poorquality food can develop hidde
9、n hunger.DPeople who suffer from hidden hunger usually have little food to eat.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，患有隐性饥饿的人有足够的食物吃，但他们的食物质量很差。答案：C2What does the underlined word “undernourished” in Paragraph 2 mean?AWeak and unhealthy.BStrong and energetic.CStarving.DIn danger.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在语境可知，全球饥饿指数报告列出的14个国家
10、中有10个位于非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南，在那里60%以上的人营养不良。而第二段开头提到“who cant have adequate intake of nutrition”，根据这两个信息可判断答案。答案：A3What mainly causes hidden hunger for the people in Africa?AThe food they eat is polluted.BThey cant find wellpaid jobs.CThey often suffer from malaria.DThe weather has a bad effect on them.解析：细节理解题
11、。根据第二段的最后一句可知，非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南的这10个国家的人们遭遇食物短缺和高失业率，是由于气候变化尤其是雨水匮乏这样的天气因素造成的。答案：D4What can we infer from the text?AFat people will not suffer from hidden hunger.BIts necessary for people to eat different types of food.CHidden hunger will disappear as levels of hunger fall.DIt is impossible to get rid of hi
12、dden hunger in the whole world.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第三句可知，人们应该吃各种不同的食物来汲取各类营养，这样才能消除隐性饥饿。 答案：BBA parasite (寄生虫) that can transform ants into zombies (僵尸) and make them follow its order may sound like something straight out of a science fiction movie.However, that is precisely what the Ophiocordyceps unil
13、ateralis, or zombie ant fungus (真菌), does to carpenter ants.Found primarily in tropical countries like Brazil and Thailand, the zombie ant fungus begins by emptying the infected insects nutrients and taking control of its mind.It then wills the enslaved insect to search for leaves about 25 centimete
14、rs above grounda zone that has the right temperature and humidity for the fungus to survive.Once the ideal location is found, the poor ant is forced to clamp (夹紧) its jaws to the underside of the leaf.Curious to know how the fungus accomplishes this horrifying but impressive task, a team led by Penn
15、sylvania State University scientist, David Hughes, decided to investigate.The scientists used a scanning electron microscope to create 3D images to determine the distribution, population and interactions of the fungi inside the infected insects bodies.To their surprise, they found that while the fun
16、gi covered an ants entire body like a blanket, it left its brain untouched.They also found that the parasites cells were connected, suggesting the fungi formed a bond to control the hosts behavior as a group.“Normally in animals, behavior is controlled by the brain sending signals to the muscles, bu
17、t our results suggest that the parasite is controlling host behavior in the outer area.Almost like a puppeteer (操纵木偶的人) pulls the strings to make a puppet move, the fungus controls the ants muscles to control the hosts legs and jaws，” said Hughes.The researchers still need to investigate why the par
18、asite avoids the brain.They guess it preserves the ants brain power so the ant can move around and more importantly, accomplish the important task of grasping a leaf tightly.The scientists believe that the fungi instead release a special chemical that forces the ants muscles to contract and movesimi
19、lar to how we control a remotecontrolled car.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种名为zombie ant fungus的寄生真菌，这种寄生真菌可以像控制牵线木偶一样控制其感染对象。 5Why does the zombie ant fungus need a leaf about 25 centimeters above ground?AIts descendants can spread better there.BThat is their ideal location for growing.CIt can control its h
20、ost better there.DThe leaf helps the host live longer.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“a zone that has the right temperature and humidity for the fungus to survive”可知，这里是它们理想的生存场所。答案：B6With the help of 3D images, the scientists found the parasite _.Afailed to control the ant completelyBcould be got rid of with some
21、effortCdidnt control the victim from withinDinfected a small part of the ants body解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句可知，他们发现这种寄生真菌不是通过感染木蚁的大脑来控制受害者的。答案：C7Why does the parasite avoid the ants brain?AThe ants brain has a vital function to fulfill.BIt is difficult for the parasite to do that.CThe parasite cannot enter
22、the hosts brain.DThe parasite doesnt want the ant to die.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，研究人员认为木蚁的大脑还有非常重要的任务要完成。答案：A8What can be a suitable title for the text?ACarpenter Ants Are Turned into ZombiesBA Parasite Uses Carpenter Ants to SpreadCScientists Find a Big Secret about Carpenter AntsDAn Ant Parasite Con
23、trols Its Victims Like a Puppeteer解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种名为zombie ant fungus的寄生真菌，这种寄生真菌可以像控制牵线木偶一样控制其感染对象。由此可知答案。答案：D.阅读七选五Maintaining good health doesnt happen by accident. It requires you to work in many areas.1 It strengthens the bones, and makes the heart and lungs work better.The most benefi
24、cial type of exercise is aerobics (有氧运动)Aerobic exercise, in the form of jogging，cycling or swimming, strengthens the heart. It also helps to relieve pressure.2 It could be dancing or just walking.As long as you would like to do it regularly, you will be fit.People who are fit enjoy life more becaus
25、e they can join in any kind of activity.To have a healthy life, it is necessary to develop good dietary habits.Eat a variety of food but specially more wholegrains, apples, oranges, pears, green vegetables and fish.Decrease intake of animal fats. Avoid eating junk food or processed food which is hig
26、h in the sugar or salt content and has little nutritional value.3 Being overweight can lead to a lot of health problems.You can suffer from heart disease and high blood pressure.Weight control requires effort and selfcontrol.4 Watch the amount and type of food you eat and remember no late night meal
27、.Make sure exercise is part of your daily program.Taking care of your mind is important if you want to keep fit. Develop a good balance between work and social life.5 Limit your activities to the most important ones and give those 100%.Overextending yourself can lead to stress or discouragement.ADon
28、t try to take on too much.BBut do not skip your breakfast.CDiet and exercise play the most important role in it.DAvoid stress by exercising and developing hobbies.EIt is helpful to choose a form of exercise you enjoy.FRegular exercise is absolutely necessary for getting well.GLearning cooking tips c
29、an help guarantee healthy diet and control weight.语篇解读文中介绍了四种保持健康的方法：锻炼，合理饮食，控制体重和注意心理健康。1解析：本空是段首句，本段主要讲锻炼的好处和锻炼的方式，因此本空应选F项“有规律的锻炼对身体健康是绝对必要的”。答案：F2解析：本空后面一句讲的是锻炼的方式：可以是跳舞，也可以是散步，只要你愿意定期地去做。由此反推本空选E项“选择一种你喜欢的锻炼方式是有帮助的”。答案：E3解析：本空是段尾句，该段讲的是“要想拥有健康的生活，养成良好的饮食习惯是有必要的”。空前提到不要吃垃圾食品和高糖高盐及没有太大营养价值的加工食品，B
30、项“但不要不吃早餐”，承接上文，且符合段落主旨。答案：B4解析：本段讲的是控制体重。本空后面内容讲到了“注意你吃的食物的数量和种类，记住不吃夜宵。确保锻炼是你日常计划的一部分”。因此C项“饮食和锻炼在控制体重方面起着最重要的作用”符合语境。答案：C5解析：本段内容主要有关心理方面，空后讲到将活动限制在最重要的几个上面，全力去做，操劳过度会带给自己压力或者使人泄气，因此选项应该与承担的事物相关，故A项“不要负担太多”引领下文内容，符合语境。答案：A.短文改错 Nowadays, our government pays many attention to waste sorting.Even in
31、 some big city, laws and policies are issued to force people to classify on their rubbish in daily life.At first, it is difficult to apply the policies to daily life，especially for those which know less about waste sorting.But with the governments efforts, more and more people have basic knowledge o
32、f waste sorting.Know how to classify different elements and throw it into different dustbins，people begin to get used to waste sorting.Now it turn out to be a good way to recycle some useful things but reduce the pressure of environment pollution.And it is also beneficially to our life.答案：Nowadays,
33、our government pays attention to waste sorting.Even in some big ， laws and policies are issued to force people to classify their rubbish in daily life.At first, it is difficult to apply the policies to daily life，especially for those know less about waste sorting.But with the governments efforts, more and more people have basic knowledge of waste sorting. how to classify different elements and throw into different dustbins，people begin to get used to waste sorting.Now it out to be a good way to recycle some useful things reduce the pressure of environment pollution.And it is also to our life.