1、安全指南类说明文的写作本单元的写作项目是写安全指南类的书面表达，属于说明文的范畴。这类表达要求根据可能遇到的危险的内容有针对性地写出遇险时的安全指导。注意写作的主题时态通常以一般现在时为主；语言要精炼，思路要清晰，适当运用祈使句。基本框架1开头(beginning)写作的背景及目的，分析遇到的危险2主体1(body 1)介绍危险来临前的各种准备3主体2(body 2)危险中的各种应对措施4主体3(body 3)写出危险中不应该做的常用词块1Organize personnel protection组织人员防护2Move to a safe place转移到安全地带3Avoid walking
2、on banks and bridges避免在岸边和桥上行走4Pay attention when walking in water.在积水中行走要注意观察。5Get off the high hill从高山上下来6dont climb the trees when there is lightning闪电时不要爬树7Cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes or towel用湿的衣物或毛巾捂住口鼻8Hold your head quickly迅速抱住头部9Send the poisoned or burned person to hospital将
3、中毒或烧伤人员送医院救治常用语句精彩开头1If you are trapped in the flood what will you do to help yourself?如果你被困在洪水中，你该怎么做来自救？2If you find somewhere around you is on fire，how will you escape safely?如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你怎么安全逃生？3When there is an earthquake，you must obey the following rules to keep yourself safe.如果发生地震，你必须遵循以
4、下规则来保证自己的安全。正文佳句1Attention should be paid to prevent smoke poisoning，prevent suffocation.要注意防止烟雾中毒，预防窒息。2When opening a room door，touch the door with the back of your hand first，see whether it is hot.开房间门时，先用手背接触房门，看是否发热。3When you cant escape，dont hide in the attic or closet.当无路可逃时，不要藏在顶楼或者壁橱等地方。4Le
5、arn more selfrescue common sense in advance.提前学会更多的自救常识。余味结尾1Helping those who are in need is making a great difference.帮助需要帮助的人让这个世界大不同。2Keep in mind that you should keep calm and dont panic.要记住保持冷静不要慌乱。地震是常见的自然灾害。请你写一篇安全指南类说明文，告诉大家在地震发生的时候，如何有效地保护自己。要点包括：1.交代背景及目的；2.具体的建议。要求：词数80左右。【学生习作】Earthquak
6、e Safety GuidelinesAs we all know, earthquakes are common and dangerous. It is important to remember the following suggestion when earthquakes break out. You can avoid possible injuries.You must do the following things. You must run down the stairs and get to safe ground as quickly as possible. If y
7、ou cannot leave the room immediately hide yourself under a table or something solid in the corner of the room.You mustnt do the following things during an earthquake. Its important not to take the lift because it is not safe. You mustnt stay in your car.点评1.思路虽然清晰，但语言描述不够精炼；2.没有适当运用祈使句，让人觉得拖沓，不一目了然。
8、【升格作文】Earthquake Safety GuidelinesAs we all know, earthquakes frequently occur on earth. It is important to keep in mind some useful tips when earthquakes break out so that you can protect yourselves from possible injuries.Things to do during an earthquake：Run down the stairs and get to safe ground
9、as quickly as possible.If you cannot leave the room immediately hide yourself under a table or something solid in the corner of the room.Things not to do during an earthquake：Its important not to take the lift.Remember not to stay in your car.夏天即将来临，暴雨增多，积水增加，洪水泛滥。新华学校为了增加学生的安全自救常识，准备了一份关于暴风雨时的安全知识宣
10、传海报。请根据以下提示拟定海报内容。1收听广播或看电视，了解天气信息；2一旦遇到洪水，尽量待在高处，或者抓住能在水中漂浮的东西；3暴雨中不要在大树下避雨，尽量避免在积水深的地方行走；4要求：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。 【参考范文】Flood Safety GuidelineSummer is drawing near.In order to keep you safe in case of flood，keep the following in mind：Things to do before a flood：Keep yourself informed of the
11、weather forecast and take your raincoat or umbrella in time.Things to do during a flood：In case of a flood，stay at a higher place waiting for rescue, or catch something that can float on the water to rescue yourself.Things not to do during a flood：Dont try to find shelter under high trees.Pay more attention to the deep water and avoid walking in water.