1、专题3 第1讲.单句语法填空1(2020衡水中学高三下学期四调)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。2(2020合肥市一模)Having fun at work is essential part of many large companies today.【答案】an【解析】考查不定冠
2、词。句意：在工作中获得乐趣是当今许多大公司的重要组成部分。此处的part是可数名词，需要用冠词修饰，根据句意可知此处表泛指，且essential的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。3(2020衡水中学高三下学期十调)Chinese films have long faced uphill，cross-cultural challenge to break the code regarding what attracts international interest.【答案】an 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：长期以来，中国电影一直面临着一个艰难的跨文化挑战，即打破吸引国际关注的规则。此处指面临“一个
3、”挑战，所以名词challenge前用不定冠词，且名词前修饰词uphill是以元音因素开头的名词。故填an。4(2020北京海淀一模)On sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。本题无提示词，且位置是在介词后名词前，考虑冠词。冠词分为泛指和特指，由于本题前面没有出现过 sketchbook，可以使用冠词 a，句意为“我强迫自己在速写本上画任何让我感兴趣的东西”。故正确答案是 a。5(2020全国名校高三5月大联考)When she became aware of many differen
4、ces between her and her team，she had open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.【答案】an 【解析】考查不定冠词。根据固定搭配have a conversation with.可知此处应填不定冠词，因conversation前有修饰词open，一个以元音音素开头的单词，所以用an。6(2020太原一模)So its healthier alternative，says Rebecca Valle，a dietitian at Alfred Hospital i
5、n Melbourne，Australia.【答案】a【解析】考查不定冠词。alternative 作名词表示“二者择一，可供替换的选择”，且healthier开头为辅音音素。故填a。7(2020泉州市高三第一次质检)Using this method，all food in your kitchen becomes visible and will be easily remembered and consumed.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。此处特指你厨房里的所有食物，应用定冠词。故填the。8(2020大连二十四中模拟) Internet shopping has offered
6、a number of benefits to the shoppers especially over the past decade. most important of all is convenience.【答案】The【解析】考查定冠词。根据后文most important可知为形容词最高级，前面需要冠词the。句首字母要大写。故填The。9(2020江西省抚州市高三教学质量监测)They are very first kind of food to be baked in space from raw ingredients.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：它们是第一种在太
7、空中由原料烘焙而成的食物。序数词first前要用定冠词，表示“第一”。故填the。10(2020河南联考阶段性测试)On Monday，millions of people in Ethiopia planted more than 350 million trees in 12 hours.The event was part of countrys Green Legacy Initiative (绿色遗产计划)【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处country特指上文中的Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亚)，应用定冠词the。故填the。.单句改错1(2020衡水中学一模)After all，
8、most of them are still in a good condition.【答案】去掉a【解析】考查固定词组。固定词组：in good condition“情况良好”。此处condition是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词。故把a去掉。2(2020合肥一模)Each time I see a plane flying across sky，I feel extremely excited.【答案】sky 前加the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：每当我看到一架飞机飞过天空，我感到非常兴奋。此处特指“天空”。故在sky前加the。3(2020衡水中学高三下学期十调)Thus，a smart
9、phone serves as platform for them to get fun in a comfortable and convenient way.【答案】as后加a【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：智能手机为他们提供了一个舒适方便的娱乐平台。此处指提供了“一个”平台。故在as后加a。4(2020大同一中模拟)Dont refuse to learn the skill because you will find it helpful later.【答案】the 改为a【解析】考查冠词。由语境可知此处并非特指某一项技能，而是泛指“一项技能”，skill是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词
10、a。故将the改为a。5(2020太原五中4月检测)By using these simple technique，Ive improved my efficiency and made a good use of my time.【答案】去掉a【解析】考查固定词组。句意：通过使用这些简单的技术，我提高了我的效率，充分利用了我的时间。固定词组：make use of“利用”。故把made a good use of 中的a去掉 。6(2020安徽六安市省示范高中质检)With the popularity of cellphones and Internet，some of us studen
11、ts spend too much playing with cellphones or computer games，which is bad for our studies.【答案】Internet前加the【解析】考查冠词。句意：随着手机和互联网的普及，我们中的一些学生花太多时间在玩手机或电脑游戏，这对我们的学习不利。表示互联网是“the Internet”。故在Internet前加the。7(2020淮北一模)Before knowing it，I am a kind of calm.【答案】去掉a【解析】考查冠词。a kind of “一种”，在文中意思不通。短语kind of表示“
12、有点儿，有几分”，常用来修饰形容词和副词，符合语境。故删掉kind前面a。8(2020安徽六校第二次素质测试)When we speak on our phones in air，the aircrafts radios can be disturbed.【答案】air 前加the【解析】考查固定短语。 in the air“在空中”，是固定短语。故in后面加上the。9(2020东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)It is known that with the development of economy，a number of cars is increasingly growing in
13、 our daily life.【答案】a 改为the【解析】考查冠词。句意：众所周知，随着经济的发展，我们的日常生活中汽车的数量越来越多。分析句子可知，“the number of.”意为“的数量”，“a number of.”意思为“许多的，大量的”，此处是指汽车的数量，故把a改成the。10(2020福建省龙岩市高三教学质检) I think friends are those people who can help you when you are in the trouble.【答案】去掉the【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我认为朋友是那些当你在困难之中可以帮助你的人。“处于困境”在英
14、语中一般翻译为in trouble。故将原文中in后的the去掉。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020甘肃天水一中高三诊断)Researchers examined the benefits of singing among people with mental health conditions 1 (include) anxiety and depression.They found people who took part in a community singing group improved their mental health a
15、nd that the combination of singing and socialising was an important part of 2 (recover)The grassroots action runs weekly singing workshops for the people 3 mental health conditions as well as the general public.It 4 (original) began at a hospital in 2005， 5 afterwards moved into the community.Around
16、 120 people now attend four free workshops each week across Norfolk，two thirds of 6 have had contact with mental health services.The research project followed the group for six months and 7 (undertake) interviews and focus groups with participants，organisers，and workshop 8 (leader)The report shows h
17、ow singing and socialising gave participants 9 feeling of belonging and wellbeing that often lasted a day or 10 (many)，as well as improved social skills and confidence.【答案】1.including2.recovery3.with4.originally5.but6.whom7.undertook8.leaders9.a10.more【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员调查了患有焦虑和抑郁等精神疾病的人唱歌的好处。他们发现，参加社区
18、歌唱小组的人心理健康状况有所改善。1考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”与mental health conditions在逻辑上是主动关系。 故填including。2考查名词。句意：他们发现，参加社区歌唱小组的人心理健康状况有所改善，歌唱和社交活动的结合是康复的重要组成部分。of为介词后接名词，此处表示“康复；恢复”需要名词形式。故填recovery。3考查介词。根据第一段第一句among people with mental health conditions可知，表示“有精神健康问题的人”。故填with。4考查副词。begin
19、为动词，需要副词修饰。故填originally。5考查连词。句意：它最初是2005年在一家医院开始的，但后来搬到了社区。根据上下文句意可知，上下句为转折关系。故填but。6考查关系代词。句意：目前，诺福克郡每周约有120人参加四次免费研讨会，其中三分之二的人曾接触过精神卫生服务。本句为定语从句修饰先行词120 people且先行词做介词of的宾语，指人。故填whom。7考查动词时态。句意：该研究项目跟踪该小组6个月，并与参与者、组织者和研讨会负责人进行了访谈和焦点小组讨论。本句为与followed由and连接的并列谓语，故也应用一般过去时。故填undertook。8考查名词的数。leader为
20、可数名词，且根据上文participants，organisers可知应用复数形式。故填leaders。9考查冠词。feeling为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种感觉”，且feeling首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。10考查形容词比较级。分析句意“持续了一天或更长时间”可知，应用形容词比较级。故填more。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写
21、出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2020福建省漳州市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测)Dear Editor，Having learned from the newspaper that you will hold the annually summer camp in our city，I cant wait to apply to join in one of your activity.On the activities youve provided，the one about nursing appeal to me m
22、ost.I have always dreamed of becoming nurse since my childhood.To begin with, I hope to gain a few more knowledge of nursing so that it can help me major in nursing when I attended college. Besides，learning more about nursing can help me take good care of my parents，which have been devoted to care f
23、or me as I grow up.I would appreciate it if you accept my application.Looking forward to hearing it from you soon.Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Editor，Having learned from the newspaper that you will hold the summer camp in our city，I cant wait to apply to join in one of your . the activities youve provided，t
24、he one about nursing to me most.I have always dreamed of becoming nurse since my childhood.To begin with, I hope to gain a more knowledge of nursing so that it can help me major in nursing when I college. Besides，learning more about nursing can help me take good care of my parents， have been devoted
25、 to for me as I grow up.I would appreciate it if you accept my application.Looking forward to hearing it from you soon.Yours，Li Hua【解析】本文是应用文。李华给编辑写信，申请参加夏令营中的护理活动，并说明了原因。1考查形容词。此处指每年的夏令营，修饰名词summer camp用形容词。故将annually改为 annual。2考查名词复数。此处是one of句型，后面的名词用复数。故将activity改为 activities。3考查介词。句意：在你们提供的活动中，
26、关于护理的活动最吸引我。指“在活动中”介词用Of或Among。故将On改为 Of或Among。4考查主谓一致。此处表示事实，与上下文时态一致用现在时。主语是the one表单数意义，谓语动词也要用单数。故将appeal改为 appeals。5考查冠词。句中nurse是可数名词，开头是辅音因素，此处指成为一名护士。故将becoming后面加a。6考查副词。此处指我希望获得更多的护理知识，a few 修饰可数名词，knowledge 是不可数名词要用a little 修饰。故将few改为 little。7考查动词时态。此处指当我上大学时，动作还没有发生不用过去时。此处用一般现在时在从句中表将来。故将attended改为 attend。8考查定语从句。根据句意和标点可知句中包含非限制性定语从句，先行词是my parents指人，which不能指人，应该用who。故将which改为 who。9考查非谓语动词。be devoted to中的to是介词，后加动词ing形式。故将care改为caring。10考查动词。表示“收到某人的来信”是hear from sb.此处的it是多余的。故it去掉。