1、Unit 3Protecting ourselves句型while引导的状语从句语法The development of a text写作Writing an article giving advice and warnings考点speedwhileWhere Did HIV Come From?Scientists believe HIV came from a particular kind of chimpanzee in Western Africa.Humans probably came in contact with HIV when they hunted and ate i
2、nfected animals.Recent studies indicate that HIV may have jumped from monkeys to humans as far back as the late 1800s.Should I get tested?You should get tested immediately if you have：Shared needles or syringes for drugs，steroids，tattooing，or piercing；Had unprotected sex (anal，oral，or vaginal) with
3、multiple people，strangers，or men who have sex with men；Been diagnosed with hepatitis，tuberculosis (TB)，or a sexually transmitted infection (STI)；Had unprotected sex with someone who does any of the above；Been sexually assaulted.If you continue to engage in any of these highrisk behaviors，you should
4、get tested every 6 months.Where can I get tested for HIV?There are many places that provide HIV testing.Some of the most common places are local health departments，AIDS service organizations，free health clinics，private doctors，and hospitals.For more information on where to find a local HIV testing s
5、ite：Use the HIV service locator.Visit HIVtest.org.Call 1800CDCINFO.Send a text message to “KNOWIT” (566948) with your ZIP code as the message.Within seconds you will receive a text message listing HIV testing sites near you.I think I might have been exposed to HIV.How long should I wait to get teste
6、d?It can take a while for your immune system to produce enough HIV antibodies for a test to detect them.Most people will develop detectable antibodies within 2 to 8 weeks (the average is 25 days)Most people (97%) will develop antibodies in the first 3 months following the time of exposure，but some c
7、an take up to 6 months.If your first test was done within 3 months after possible exposure and the results are negative，the CDC recommends that you get retested 3 months later to eliminate the chance of a falsenegative result.What if I test positive for HIV?If you test positive for HIV，contact a hea
8、lth professional immediately.The sooner you get medical treatment，the better the chance that you will avoid a lifethreatening condition like AIDS.If Im HIVnegative，is my partner HIVnegative too?Not necessarily.Your HIV test result reveals only your HIV status.Its possible that your partner could hav
9、e HIVbut that you havent been infected yet.If you dont know your partners status，considering getting an HIV test together.诱思探究1Where did HIV come from according to scientists?2Where can I get tested for HIV?答案：诱思探究：1.Scientists believe HIV came from a particular kind of chimpanzee in Western Africa.
10、2Some of the most common places are local health departments，AIDS service organizations，free health clinics，private doctors，and hospitals.词汇拓展1_ vt.& vi.(给)洗澡，沐浴_ n沐浴2_ vi.哭泣，流泪_ adj.哭泣的3_ n喷嚏；喷嚏声vi.打喷嚏_ adj.打喷嚏的4_ n努力争取；招标vi.出价；投标；试图_ n出价人；投标人_ n出价；投标5_ vi.& vt.(使)结束；下结论；推断_ n结论6_ vi.& vt.歧视；区分，辨别_
11、 n歧视7_ vi.慢跑(过去分词)_8_vi.反抗，反叛n叛逆者，反抗权威者；叛乱者_ n反抗，反叛9_ n降低，衰退；滑动vi.& vt.降低，衰退；(使)滑行，滑动_ n滑行，移动10_ vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；夹住，卡住n陷阱，圈套；困境_ adj.圈套的，艰险的.短语互译1_ 传递给2_突然出现3_处方药4_起作用；有效果；使不同5_ 案例研究6keep sb.from doing sth._7under a lot of pressure_8warn sb.of sth._9over again_10wipe away_.重点句型1In an African village，
12、elevenyearold Ajani is _ his younger sister.在非洲的一个村庄，11岁的阿加尼正在给他的妹妹洗澡。2However，since the disease _ _ _ _ in the 1980s，it has become a serious problem around the world.但是，自从艾滋病在20世纪80年代突然爆发以来，它已经成为一个严重的全球性问题。3It also teaches young people how to prevent Aids，and _ _ treatment centres where mothers wit
13、h HIV can receive medicine to help keep them from passing HIV on to their children.它还教导年轻人如何预防艾滋病，建立治疗中心，在这些中心携带有艾滋病毒的母亲可以得到药物以预防将艾滋病毒传给他们的孩子。4_ losing ones parents to this disease seems terrible and unfair，Ajani and his sister are fortunate.尽管被艾滋病夺去父母的生命看起来很糟糕、不公平，阿加尼和他的妹妹是幸运的。5. .because their mot
14、her _ _ _ _ _ _ when she was pregnant，they did not get HIV from her.因为他们的妈妈在怀孕期间使用了处方艾滋病药物，他们没有从她那里感染艾滋病毒。6His story was so sad that I could not _ _ _ _.他的故事如此令人伤心以至于我忍不住哭了。7She was _ _ _ _ _ and not sleeping much.她承受很大的压力，并且睡眠不足。8He _ Mrs Tang and _ her and her husband _ the dangers of taking antib
15、iotics when it was not necessary.他批评唐太太和她的丈夫，指出在没有必要的时候服用抗生素的危险性。9Some people try them because they are curious.Others take drugs to_ _ their families or society.一些人尝试它们是因为好奇，另一些人吸毒是为了反抗他们的家庭或者社会。10Speed is often _ _a weightloss pill，because it reduces ones _.安非他明常常被用作减肥药，因为它减少人的食欲。11As smokers may
16、tell you，people can become easily _ _ nicotine，which is why they have trouble _ smoking.正如许多吸烟者可能告诉你的那样，人们会非常容易对尼古丁上瘾，这就是他们戒烟有困难的原因。12While they cannot _ _ the stain of the past，they can certainly _ _.尽管他们不能消除过去的污点，但他们肯定可以继续向前。答案：.1.bathe；bath2.weep；weeping3.sneeze；sneezy4.bid；bidder；bidding5.conclu
17、de；conclusion6discriminate；discrimination7.jog；jogged8.rebel；rebellion9.slide；sliding10.trap；trappy.1.pass sth.on to sb.2.burst on the scene3.prescription medicine/drug4.make a difference5.case study6.阻止某人做某事7.在巨大的压力下8警告某人某事9.再，重新10.消除，去除.1.bathing2.burst on the scene3.sets up4.While5.had access to
18、prescription Aids medicines6keep myself from weeping7.under a lot of pressure8scolded；warned；of9.rebel against10.used as；appetite11.addicted to；quitting12.wipe away；move forward在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！我的学困点我的学疑点Section Welcome to the unit，Reading & Word powerFill in the blanks according t
19、o the text on P3435 (no more than three words).Ajanis caseHis parents were 1._ of Aids，leaving him and his sister behind with his grandfather.He is lucky to have escaped 2._ by HIV，and intends himself to be a doctor in the future.He believes education and 3._ play an important role in stopping the d
20、isease.Symptoms of AidsThe patients immune system is 4._ The patient becomes very ill from usually 5._.Ways of transmissionUnprotected sex,6._ and mothertochild transmission.Situation concerning AidsHIV and Aids are not just a problem in Africa，but exist in many of other places.Measures should be ta
21、ken to 7._ Aids.The situation tends to become more serious in the future.Measures to deal with AidsIn ChinaAids is 8._.Drugs have been offered 9._.International help is also important.InternationallyUNAIDS has been 10._ to help prevent the spread of Aids.答案：1victims2.being infected3.medical treatmen
22、t4weakened/destroyed5.mild sicknesses6.blood7.stop/prevent8.monitored9.for free/free of charge10.set up/founded1In an African village，elevenyearold Ajani is bathing his younger sister.在非洲的一个村庄，11岁的阿加尼正在给他的妹妹洗澡。bathe vt.& vi.给洗澡，沐浴It was the noon halt，and we decided to bathe in the cool，inviting stre
23、am.当时正好中午要歇脚，我们决定到清凉宜人的溪水中洗个澡。The little dog whimpered when I tried to bathe its wounds.当我想给那小狗清洗伤口时它悲嗥起来。bath n沐浴；浴盆；洗澡水shower n淋浴a sun bath 日光浴go for a bath 去游泳Your bath is ready.洗澡水给你准备好了。I shall have a hot bath and go to bed.我要去洗个热水澡，然后睡觉。What do you want to do during your holiday?Im thinking ab
24、out going to the beach and have a sun _.Abath BbathingCbathe Dswim2However，since the disease burst on the scene in the 1980s，it has become a serious problem around the world.但是，自从艾滋病在20世纪80年代突然爆发以来，它已经成为一个严重的全球性问题。burst on the scene “突然出现”A major new talent has burst on the literary scene.有个惹人瞩目的新秀突
25、然出现于文坛。burst in打断，插嘴，破门而入，突然出现burst into突然闯进burst into tearsburst out crying 突然哭起来burst into laughterburst out laughing 突然笑起来She burst into tears the moment she got the sad news.一听到这伤心的消息，她就哭了起来。 He burst out laughing，which surprised all of us.他突然笑了起来，这让我们都很惊讶。1)A farmer called Zhu Zhiwen from Shand
26、ong Province _ the singing scene，and he got No.5 in the final competition of year 2011 of Avenue of Stars(星光大道) hosted by Bi Fujian.Aburst onBburst inCburst into Dburst forth2)He _ on our conversation with the news _ we would have a listening test next week.Aburst out；whichBburst in；thatCburst forth
27、；which Dburst up；that3It also teaches young people how to prevent Aids，and sets up treatment centres where mothers with HIV can receive medicine to help keep them from passing HIV on to their children.它还教导年轻人如何预防艾滋病，建立治疗中心，在这些中心患有艾滋病的母亲可以得到药物以预防母婴传播。set up 开办；建立；创设(组织、公司、制度等)；搭建起；树立People set up a n
28、ight school here last year.去年人们在这里建立了一所夜校。set down 记下，写下set out 出发，启程set out to do sth.开始着手做某事set off 出发，使爆炸set aside 留出，不顾，取消，驳回set foot in/on踏进/踏上set fire to.把点燃set the table 摆桌子set a good example to sb.为树立好榜样He is still in the good habit of setting down the beautiful sentences he reads in his not
29、ebook.他还是保持着这种好习惯，把读到的优美句子记在笔记本上。The government has set up a working party to look into the problem.政府已成立了一个工作组调查这个问题。The moment he set foot in the house，he found something strange there.他一走进这座房子就发现那里有什么东西不对劲。They set out to paint the house.他们开始油漆房子。By working hard at his lessons，the boy has set a g
30、ood example to us.通过努力学习，这个男孩为我们树立了一个好的榜样。Having decided to rent a flat，we set about contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.已经决定租一套公寓，我们开始联系这个城市的所有房屋中介商。Its ten years since the scientist _on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.Amade for Bset outCtook off Dturned up4Whi
31、le losing ones parents to this disease seems terrible and unfair，Ajani and his sister are fortunate.尽管被艾滋病夺去父母的生命看起来很糟糕、不公平，阿加尼和他的妹妹是幸运的。while (1)while为连词，意为“尽管，虽然”时，引导让步状语从句，此时while多位于句首。(2)当while为连词，表“当的时候，和同时”时，引导的从句中的谓语动词常为延续性动词。(3)当while表“而，然而”时，是并列连词，表示对比。While effective treatment is available
32、，scientists would like to find better medications.尽管我们现在已经有了有效的治疗方法，但是科学家们还在寻求更好的药物。You can go swimming while Im playing football.我踢足球时，你可以去游泳。Animals survive while men live.动物只是生存，而人是生活。while，although，though，as(1)while引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首。(2)although与though二者可互换，且都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不与but连用。th
33、ough引导让步状语从句可用倒装结构，而although不可以。(3)as引导让步状语从句时通常用倒装语序，即把表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语为单数可数名词，则名词前不加冠词。In some places women are expected to earn money _men work at home and raise their children.Abut BwhileCbecause Dthough5. .because their mother had access to prescription Aids medicines when she was pregnant，th
34、ey did not get HIV from her.因为他们的妈妈在怀孕期间使用了处方艾滋病药物，他们没有从她那里感染艾滋病毒。1) have/gain/obtain access to得以接近；得以会见；得以进入；得以使用give access to接见；准许进入accessible adj.可得到的；易接近的；可进入的be accessible to容易得到的；易于接受的He gained access to the building through the window.他通过窗户进入了大楼。I had no access to education when I was young.
35、我小时候没有受教育的机会。The loft can be accessed by a ladder.搭梯子可以上阁楼。An openminded person is accessible to reasons.虚心的人易于服理。In our school，every student has free _to the library.ArightBchanceCaccess Duse2)prescription medicine 处方药If you are taking a prescription medicine，check with a health care professional b
36、efore using.如果您正在服用处方药，使用前要让医护人员检查一下。答案：即学即练：1A提示：have a sun bath “进行一次日光浴”。21)A提示：句意为“一个来自山东名叫朱之文的农民突然出现在歌唱舞台上，并且他取得了由毕福剑主持的“星光大道”2011年度总决赛的第5名”。burst on the scene “突然出现”。2)B提示：句意为“他打断了我们的谈话告诉我们下周有听力测试这个消息”。burst in“打断”；news后为同位语从句，且表陈述意义，故用that引导。3B提示：make for“走向，驶向，有助于，有利于”；set out“开始，着手进行”；take off“脱下，起飞，成功，取消”；turn up“出现，开大”。由句意可知B项符合题意。4B提示：句意为“在一些地方人们期望女士去挣钱，而让男士在家劳动并抚养孩子”。此处的while意思是“而”，表示对比，用作并列连词。5C提示：access to sth./sb.“(使用某物或者接近某人的)机会或权力，(接近或进入某地的)方法，通路”。提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。知识精华技能要领
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