1、基础知识自测Unit 2 Cloning1._ vi.不赞成;反对_ n.不赞成;反对objectionobject一、单词拓展(A)单词派生2._ v.积累;聚积_ n.积累;聚积accumulateaccumulation3._ vt.调节;规定_ n.规则;规章;法规4._ vi.不同;相异_ adj.不同的_ n.不同;差异difference regulateregulationdifferdifferent5._ adj.能；有能力的_ vt.使能够_ adj.不会的,不能够的_ n.能力_ adj.残废的,残疾的_ n.残废;残疾disabilityableenableunabl
2、eabilitydisabled6._vt.假定,设想;认为_ n.假定,设想(B)灵活运用1.His plan of finding a job after high school met with fierce _(object)from his family.1.名词作介词with的宾语。objectionassumptionassume2.Anyone who fails to obey the school _(regulate)will be punished.2.名词作动词obey的宾语。3.As a saying goes,“Details make the _(differe
3、nt)”.3.名词作动词make的宾语。正如一句谚语所说：“细节决定成败”。regulationsdifference4.Reading more _(able)us to improve our sense of language.4.动词作谓语,一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。5.It has long been _(assume)that the globe is becoming warmer and warmer.5.过去分词作表语。enablesassumed二、短语翻译1._ 沮丧;不愉快2._ 赞成；支持3._ 一定或注定(做)4._ 白费力气;枉费心机in vain cast
4、 downin favor of(be)bound to(do)5._ 使复生;使复活6._得到好结果;取得成功7._不时;偶尔8._状况很好(坏)in good/poor condition bring back to lifepay offfrom time to time9._ 将归功于10._ 使能够(做)11._ 反对12._ 由于owing to owetoenableto(do)object to三、语篇填空 Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.It is a way of 1 _(make)an exact c
5、opy of another animal or plant.It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones.makingIt also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from 2 _same original egg.The fact is that these are both examples of 3 _(nature)clones.Cloni
6、ng has two major uses.Firstly,gardeners use it all the time 4 _(produce)commercial quantities of 5 _(plant).plantsto producenaturaltheSecondly,it is valuable 6 _research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.Cloning plants 7 _(be)straightforward 8 _cloning animals is very complica
7、ted.It is a difficult task to undertake.Many attempts to clone mammals failed.But at last the determination and 9 _(patient)of the scientists 10 _(pay)off in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep.paidpatiencewhileisfor1.making 介词后用动名词。2.the 因same前习惯上用the。3.natural 在名词前作定语用形容词。4.to p
8、roduce 表示目的用不定式。5.plants 泛指各种植物，用复数。6.for 表示“对”某人或某事很有用或很重要。7.is 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。8.while 表示对比，意为“而，却”。9.patience 在冠词与of之间用名词，或者说作主语要用名词。10.paid 由in 1996可知用一般过去时。四、句子改错 Although at present human egg cells and embryos(胚胎)needed for cloning research are difficulty to obtain,newspapers wrote of evi
9、l leaders hope to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.Religious leaders also raise morally questions.Governments became nerve and less conservative.morenervousmoralraisedhopingdifficultSome began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning,other country like China an
10、d the UK,continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.However,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm to us and how it is leading us.wherecountriesbut1.difficulty difficult 作表语要用形容词。2.hope hoping 因已有谓语wrote，所以hope为非谓语动词；又因leaders与hope是主动关系
11、，所以用现在分词短语作定语。3.raise raised 由上文中的wrote和下文的became可知，用一般过去时才时态一致。4.morally moral 作定语要用形容词。5.nerve nervous 在系动词became后作表语要用形容词。6.less more 从下文来看，政府是变得“更”保守。7.在other前加but 两句间缺连词，前后是转折关系，故填but。8.country countries 从举列来看，其它国家，不止一个，要用复数。9.去掉harm后的to 因harm与动词help是并列关系，harm是及物动词，直接接宾语，不用介词。但作为名词时有do harm to(
12、有害于)结构。10.how where 由leading us可知意为“把我们引向哪里”。重点词汇讲练1.objection n.不赞成；反对例句On the other hand,Dollys appearance raised a storm of objection and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对声，公众对媒体的兴趣也因此受到了极大的影响。搭配object to sb.sth.不赞成反对object to doing sth.反对做某事object that反对
13、have an objection to反对raise an objection to对提出异议 运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)我反对这项提议。(2)我们反对受到这样的待遇。We object to being treated like this.I object to this proposal(3)He strongly objected to _(get)up early.getting2.bother vt.打扰（annoy）vi.操心；费心 n.烦扰例句 Im sorry to bother you,but will you please tell how to get to
14、 the bookstore?对不起打扰了，你能告诉我去书店怎么走吗？搭配bother sb.withabout sth.就某事打扰某人It bothers sb.that 使某人烦恼的是have bother doing sth.做某事很费劲cant be bothered(to do sth.)懒得去做运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。他甚至都没有通知我他要来。He didnt even _me know he was coming 我此刻不想让她为我的问题操心。I dont want to _ my problem at the moment 很抱歉打扰你一下，有你的电话。_,but th
15、ere is a call for youbother to letbother her withSorry to bother you3.resist vt.抵抗；对抗例句 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，如果这类动物产生了某种新的疾病，其中一些动物可能会死去，而另外一些却能
16、存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。resist sb.(doing)sth.反对某人(做)某事cant resist doing sth.忍不住做某事搭配resistant adj.抵抗的resistance n.耐性；抵抗(力)；抵制resist后面只接doing,不接to do作宾语，常用于否定句。说明 派生运用 根据汉语提示完成英文句子。I couldnt _ (忍不住看了)her diaryresist having a look at The computer games _(很难抵制)Seeing his amusing expression,I_(忍不住笑了)couldnt
17、resist laughing are hardto resist 4.owe vt.欠；感激；应给予；应该把归功于例句 Im not rich but I dont oweanybody any money.我不富有,但我不欠任何人钱。搭配owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe sth.to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it to sb.that把归功于某人owing to（=because of）由于运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。我的成功应该归功于我的父母和老师。I _ my parents and teachers.由于玩太多的电脑游戏，越来越多的学生患
18、上了近视。_,more and more students develop shortsightedness.Owing to playing computer games too oftenowed my success to5.strike vt.&vi.打；打击；罢工；敲；打动例句 What my teacher said at that time struck a feeling of love and care into my little heart.那时候老师的话使我幼小的心灵感受到了关爱。strikeinto ones heart 使刻骨铭心It strikes me that
19、.我突然想到be on strike 在罢工搭配 联想strikestruckstruck运用 朗读并指出画线部分的汉语意思。I left directly after the clock struck twelve.()A massive earthquake struck Sichuan in the afternoon.()It suddenly struck me that we could use a computer to do the job.()我突然想到敲了12下（12点整）袭击/打击6.forbid vt.禁止；阻止 (forbidforbadeforbidden)例句 T
20、he new law forbids smoking in the office.新法规禁止在办公室吸烟。forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的搭配 forbid-forbade-forbiddenthe Forbidden City 紫禁城；故宫联想运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。现在很多动物园都禁止游客给动物拍照。Now many zoos _.上课时禁止随意进出教室。_at ones will in class.forbid tourists to takeIts f
21、orbidden to go in or outphotos of animals例句Not everyone was in favour ofthe reform and opening-up policy at that moment.当时并不是所有人都赞成实施改革开放政策。7.in favour of支持;赞同;有利于原句Is it in favour of cloning or against it?它是赞同克隆还是反对呢？(B8 P12)运用(1)我十分赞同作者在文中所提到的观点。_ what the author mentions in the passage.(2)没有什么比帮助
22、别人更能使我高兴了。Nothing can make me happier than_.Im firmly in favour ofto do someone a favour8.be in good/poor condition 处于好的/坏的状况例句 The ship is not in good condition to make a long voyage.此船的现状不适宜远航。out of/in bad condition（人）身体不适in difficult conditions在困难条件下on condition that只要；条件是on this/that condition在
23、这种/那种条件下on no condition绝不;一点也不Working/living condition 工作/生活条件economic conditions经济形势联想运用 根据汉语提示完成英文句子。The car is still _（状况良好）The miners there worked _(在极其恶劣的环境中)in good condition in dreadful/extremely difficult conditions You must _(无论在什么情况下都不可以)tell him what has happened Ill do it _(只要)you pay fo
24、r everything on condition thaton no condition 写作句型仿写原句Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。(B8 P12)1.Then came the news that接着传来了的消息(倒装句)例句Then came the good news that he was admitted to Sun Yat-sen University.接着传来了他被中山大学录取的好消息。说明 本句型是一种倒装句式：then(now,soon,t
25、here,here等)+不及物动词(一般时态)+主语(名词)仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。突然传来了他父亲病重的沮丧消息，而医生最终没能救活他。Suddenly came the depressing news that_ and doctors_ failed to bring him back to lifehis father was seriously sick 后来传来了令人振奋的消息：我们班赢了接力赛。Then came the exciting news that our class had won the relay race.原句The initial requiremen
26、t is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow.首先要求你有完好的DNA,以提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息。(B8 P15)2.The requirement is that(should)do 要求是要做例句 The only requirement is thatapplicants(should)be at least 18 years old.唯一的要求是申请者应需年满18岁。提示 表示说话人愿望(wishdesire)、建议(suggestionadvice)、要求(requirementdemand)、命令(ordercommand)等的名词，其后的表语同位语从句的谓语动词用(should)+do。should可以省略。仿写 老师建议我们要相互合作,共同进步。The teachers advice is that we(should)team up with each other and make progress together.学校要求我们在校期间必须穿校服。One requirement of our school is that _ _.we(should)wearuniforms on campusThank You!
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