1、人教课标高二 选修 8Unit 5 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成：have/has been doing。现在完成进行时表示一个从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作有可能刚刚结束，也可能还要进行下去。如：Where have you been?We have been looking for you everywhere.你到哪里去了？我们一直在到处找你。Tom has been digging in the garden.I have been helping him.汤姆一直在花园里挖土。我一直在帮他。现在完成进行时有时表示一个动作的重复。如：He has bee
2、n coughing a lot lately.He ought to give up smoking.最近他一直咳嗽。他应当戒烟。You have been saying that for five years.这话你已经说了有5年了。现在完成进行时常与how long,all this time,this week/month,all night,all the morning,recently等状语以及since和for所引导的状语短语或从句连用。如：How long have you been wearing glasses?你戴眼镜有多少年头了？Have you been waiti
3、ng long?你等了很久吗？What have you been doing all this time?你一直都在干什么来着？He has been writing letters all the morning.他写了一上午信。Recently John has been doing his work quite regularly.近来约翰工作一直很有规律。He is ill.He has been lying in the bed for three weeks.他生病了，已卧床三周了。I havent been sleeping well at all since that unf
4、ortunate accident last week.自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。【辩一辩】现在完成时与现在完成进行时的主要区别：现在完成时表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时却不一定如此。如：The ceiling was white.Now it is blue.She has painted the ceiling.天棚原来是白色的，现在是蓝色的。她油漆了天棚。（动作已完成）Her clothes are covered with paint.She has been painting the ceiling.她的衣服上尽是油漆。她一直在油漆天棚。（动作可能刚结束，也
5、可能还在继续）许多静态动词通常用于现在完成时而不用于现在完成进行时。如：I have known him for years.我已经认识他好几年了。The strike has lasted six months.这次罢工已持续了六个月。现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:A.未完结性Ive cleaned the windows.我把窗户擦干净了。Ive been cleaning the windows.我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完)B.短暂性现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态,但现在完成进行时常表示短暂性。A.They have lived in New York.B.
6、They have been living in New York.句A具有长期性,而句B具有短暂性。C.刚完结性与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因,或者是得出结论的证据。如:My hands are dirty.Ive been painting the car.我的手很脏,我在油汽车来着。Your eyes are red and puffy.Have you been crying?你的眼睛又红又肿,你是不是哭来着？D.连续性或重复性现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：Jim have been phoning
7、Jenny every night for the several month.All these days he has been writingarticles to our magazine.结论:现在完成进行时主要用于表示A.过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作。B.过去开始,现在刚刚停止的动作。C.现在看到其直接结果的动作。1.Im sorry,but I dont quite follow you.Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?Sorry,I _ myself clear.We want to return on Oct
8、ober 20.(2010北京卷)A.hadnt made B.wouldnt make C.dont make D.havent made【解析】D。对方没听清楚说话者说的话，是由于说话者没有说清楚所导致的结果，所以空格处应填现在完成时，即用现在完成时表示某个动作所造成的影响或结果。2.When you are home,give a call to let me know you _ safely.(2010全国卷I)A.are arriving B.have arrived C.had arrived D.will arrive【解析】B。根据句子本身已有的时态可知，过去完成时had a
9、rrived不能选；再根据常识，说话人应该是叫对方“已经”到家后才打电话报平安，故选现在完成时。3.Up to now,the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.(2010山东卷)A.would save B.saves C.had saved D.has saved【解析】D。短语up to now的意思是“到现在为止”，指从过去某时开始持续到现在的一段时间，通常与现在完成时连用。如：Her life has run smoothly up to now.她的生活到目前仍一帆风顺。Up to now,t
10、he work has been easy.到现在为止这工作还算容易。4.For many years,people _ electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.(2010浙江卷)A.had dreamed of B.have dreamed of C.dreamed of D.dream of【解析】B。根据句意和句中的时态has been可知，空格处不可能填过去时态，故可排除A和C；比较B和D，B为现在完成时，与句中的for many years（多年来）相吻合，故选B。5.When
11、shall we restart our business?Not until we _ our plan.(2010四川卷)A.will finish B.are finishing C.are to finish D.have finished【解析】D。由于until引导的是时间状语从句，所以不能直接使用将来时态，由此可排除A；再根据句意和常识可知，人们通常是先制定计划，然后付诸实施，故空格处填现在完成时比较符合句子语境。6.Weve spent too much money recently.Well,it isnt surprising.Our friends and relativ
12、es _ around all the time.(2010安徽卷)A.are coming B.had come C.were coming D.have been coming【解析】D。现在完成进行时的基本用法是从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。根据句意可知，正是因为最近一直有朋友和亲戚来访，所以导致花钱较多。7.Im tired out.I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.(2010湖南卷)A.shopped B.have shopped C.had shopped D.have been shoppi
13、ng【解析】D。根据句中的am和dont seem可知，句子谈的是现在的情况，故可排除过去时态A和C；又因为“很累”是因为“整个下午一直在购物”导致的，故用选D在意思上更与语境吻合。8.Why,Jack,you look so tired!Well,I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.(2010江苏卷)A.was painting B.will be painting C.have painted D.have been painting【解析】D。现在完成进行时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作。在此题中，由于“一直在刷油漆”，所以
14、才导致“看上去非常疲惫”，故选D最符合句意。9.Mother wanted to be a good provider,a role she _ since her marriage to father.(2010江西卷)A.shoulders B.shouldered C.is shouldering D.has been shouldering【解析】D。根据空格后的since可知，此处谈论的是从过去一直持续到现在的情况，故用现在完成进行时最合适。10.Joseph _ to evening classes since last month,but he still cant say“Wh
15、ats your name?”in Russian.(2010辽宁卷)A.has been going B.went C.goes D.has gone【解析】A。根据句中的since可知，空格处应填完成时态，故可排除B和C；根据句意，空格处填现在完成进行时比填现在完成时更合适，因为它更强调“一直在做某事”。In pairs,take turns to read the statement and turn it into a question using the present perfect continuous tense.The words in brackets may help y
16、ou.e.g.S1:Mrs.Smith learned to drive three years ago.(how long)S2:How long have you been driving,Mrs.Smith?1.Sam has just finished learning to fly an airplane in a six-month course.(how long)How long have you been learning to fly an airplane,Sam?2.He swam till he felt very tired.He has just stepped
17、out of the swimming pool.(how long)How long has he been swimming?3.The nurses in the kindergarten have been busy looking after the sick chilren all day.(what)What have the nurses in the kindergarten been doing all day?4.They have argued with each other for years about the best way to grow potatoes.(
18、what)What have they been arguing about for years?5.Sales of washing machines have been increasing this year.(why)Why have sales of washing machines been increasing this year?6.Jiao Yang uses a particular kind of washing powder and his clothes have always been clean and soft.(what)Jiao Yang,what kind
19、 of washing powder have you been using that makes your clothes so clean and soft?7.The poor girl has been on collecting seashells to make a living.(why)Why has the poor girl been collecting seashells?8.Philip started to ride a skateboard at the age of six.(how long)How long has Philip been riding a skateboard?1.Learn useful words and expressions by heart and practice them.2.Finish Ex.1 and 2 on pages 80.Homework
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