1、听说训练part B之 疑问句提问疑问句的定义与分类定义：用来提出问题的句子叫疑问句。疑问句句末必须用问号。分类：一般疑问句（读时用升调）特殊疑问句（读时用降调）选择疑问句反意疑问句一、一般疑问句:可以用“yes或no”来回答的问句。基本的结构为：be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)，句子要读升调。以Be动词开头的一般疑问句。I am a bad boy.Are you a bad boy?This is her dress.Is this her dress？You are hot.Are you hot?含有“be动词“的句子把be动词提前就可变为一般疑问句。练习提问：这是你
2、第一次来中国吗？被采访者擅长足球吗？全球变暖对我们的健康有害吗？“There be”存在句型的一般疑问句。“There be”翻译成“有”冰箱里有冰激凌吗？饭店里有许多人吗？Is there any ice cream in the icebox/fridge?Are there many people in the restaurant?Yes,there are.No,there arent.以助动词 do/does/did开头的一般疑问句 结构：do/does/did+主语+动词原形 You walk to school.Do you walk to school?He reads En
3、glish every day.Does he read English every day?Jim昨晚洗脚了吗？Did Jim wash his feet last night?以助动词have/has/had开头的一般疑问句 结构：have/has/had+主语+过去分词 你想过拥有一部私家车吗？这位女士曾经在网上购买过东西吗？他到昨晚九点之前完成他的任务了吗？Have you thought of owning a private car?Has this woman ever done any shopping online?Had he finished his task by 9
4、oclock last night?以情态动词开头的一般疑问句 情态动词可表示说话人的语气或情态。我们学过的有：can/could/shall/should/may/might/will/would/need/dare.A cow can fly.Can a cow fly?May I go on a trip to Beijing?Yes,you may.No,you may not.以情态动词开头的一般疑问句 练习：1.你能告诉我出国留学的一些经验吗？2.谈话者今晚想去看电影吗？3.他们会准时到达吗？1.Could you tell me some experience about stu
5、dying abroad?2.Would the speaker like to see a film this evening?3.Will they arrive on time?一般疑问句的否定式 1.Dont you believe me?2.Isnt it a lovely day?3.Wont he go with you?1.你不相信我？2.天气难道不好吗？3.他不和你一块儿去吗？二、特殊疑问句 构成：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 我们学过的特殊词：what,where,why,when,who,whose,how,which 基本结构：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/
6、表语+(其他)Who is it on the phone？谁来的电话？What did you eat yesterday？特殊疑问句典型例句 What询问“什么”Whats your name?Where询问“地点”；在哪里？Where is the school?When询问“什么时间”When is your birthday?Which询问“哪一个”？Which one is yours?特殊疑问句典型例句 What time 询问“几点”What day询问“周几”；Whats the date询问“几月几号”What color 询问“什么颜色”What class 询问“什么课
7、”？对职业的提问：What do you do?询问天气:Whats the weather like(today)(in+某地)?特殊疑问句典型例句 Why询问“原因”，意思是“为什么？”Why are you crying?Who 询问“谁”Who is that boy?Whose询问“谁的”Whose book is on the desk?How 询问“怎么样？”及“方式”How are you?How do you like sth?How do you feel?How do you go to school?由how引导的特殊疑问句 How many询问“数量”How many
8、 markers(书签）do you have?How much询问“价钱或多少”How much are those runners?How old 询问“年龄”How old is his brother?由how引导的特殊疑问句 How tall 询问“身高”How tall are you?How long询问“物理长度（多长）或时间长度（多久）”How long is your bed?How long is the game?How soon多久;询问时间（将来）How soon will you come back？由how引导的特殊疑问句 How far 询问“距离”How f
9、ar is it from U.K.to U.S.?How often 询问“频度”“多少次”或“多久一次”？How often did you brush your teeth last week?翻译下列四组句子1.a.他在哪里找到它的?Where did he find it?b.你知道他是在哪里找到它的吗Do you know where he found it?c.你以为他是在哪里找到它的呀Where do you think he found it?2.a.他走哪条路去的?Which way did he go?b.你记得他是走哪条路去的吗?Do you remember whic
10、h way he went?c.你料想他是走哪条路去的呢?Which way do you imagine he went?3.a.他将在何时动身?What time will he start?b.信上说到他将在何时动身吗?Does the letter tell what time he will start?c.信上说他将在何时动身?What time does the letter say he will start?4.a.他是谁?Who is he?b.你知道他是谁吗?Do you know who he is?c.你以为他是谁?Who do you think he is?用复杂
11、特殊疑问句型翻译下列句子1.你说他正在干什么来着?2.校门口有几辆警车.你认为发生了什么事?3.你认为谁将去上海?4.你认为鸡肉、猪肉和鱼哪一样最好吃?5.你认为叫人修这辆小汽车需要多少时间?6.你母亲以为英国茶是怎样煮的?7.你认为要提高我们的英语水平我们该做些什么呢?1.What did you say he was doing?2.There are several police cars in front of the school gate.What do you suppose has happened?3.Who do you think is going to Shanghai
12、?4.Which do you suppose tastes best,the chicken,the pork or the fish?1.你说他正在干什么来着?2.校门口有几辆警车.你认为发生了什么事?3.你认为谁将去上海?4.你认为鸡肉、猪肉和鱼哪一样最好吃?5.How long do you think it will take to have the car repaired?6.How does your mother think English tea is made?7.What do you think we should do to improve our English?
13、三、反意疑问句 两部分：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的一简短问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加问句用否定句式；如果陈述句是否定式，附加问句用肯定句式。附加问句一般为“be动词（助动词、情态动词）+代词”构成，特殊疑问句练习题 1.他们昨天没有扫扫教室，是吗？2.你弟弟去图书馆了，是吗？1.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday，did they？2.Your brother has gone to the library,hasnt he?反意疑问句特殊情况 1、当陈述句的主语是指示代词this,that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是th
14、ese,those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替。That isnt a useful book,is it?那不是一本有用的书，是吗？These are important reading materials,arent they?这些都是重要的阅读材料，是吗？2、当陈述句部分是I am时，反意疑问句部分通常要用arent I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。例 Im late for the meeting,arent I?我开会迟到了，是吗？Im not doing well,am I?我干得不好，是吗？3、当陈述部分是everyone/eve
15、rybody,someone/somebody,no one/nobody,none等表示人的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything,anything,something,nothing等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语用it。Nobody came when I was out,did they?我在外时，没人来过，是吗？Everything has gone wrong today,hasnt it?今天什么都出问题了，是不是？4、当陈述部分有hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely,seldom,few
16、,little,no,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。You hardly remember this English word,do you?你几乎记不起这个单词了，是吧？如果陈述句部分是带有否定前缀或后缀时，反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构。Its impossible for him to make such a mistake,isnt it?他不可能犯这样的错误，是吗？5、当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有四种情况（1）must表示“必须、禁止“时，反意疑问部分要用must(mustnt)。例 You
17、mustnt stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？（2）must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要用neednt。例 They must finish the work today,neednt they?他们今天必须要完成这项工作，是吗？（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问部分要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。He must be good at math,isnt he?他数学一定学得很好，是吗？（4）当must用来表示对过去的情况进行“推测”（must+have done）时，如有过去的时间状语，反意疑问句要
18、用“didnt+主语”；如果没有过去时间状语，反意疑问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。She must have read the novel last week,didnt she?她上星期一定读了这本小说了，是吗？You must have told her about it,havent you?你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？6.在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I think(believe,suppose,imagine,expect等)+宾语从句”，反意疑问句应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并要注意否定转移。I dont think you have heard of him b
19、efore,have you?我认为你以前没有听说过他，是吗？当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称，或主语是第一人称，这时，反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。Mary thinks you will come to the party,doesnt she?玛丽认为你将来参加晚会，是吗？1祈使句的肯定形式，表示“请求”时，通常用will you；表示“邀请、劝说”时，用wont you。例 Be sure to write to us,will you?一定要给我们写信，好吗？（表示“请求”）Come to have dinner with us this evening,wo
20、nt you?今晚跟我们一起来吃饭，好吗？（表示“邀请”）祈使句的否定形式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you构成。例 Dont smoke in the meeting room,will you?请不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？反义疑问句练习：你真的很想念你的家人，是吗？你来之前打个电话，好吧？西方人习惯用刀和叉吃饭，是吗？练瑜伽会帮你保持身体健康，是吗？You really miss your family,dont you？Give me a call before your visit,will you?Westerners are used to eating with knife a
21、nd fork,arent they.Practicing yoga helps you stay fit,doesnt it？四、选择疑问句 一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调.Will you go there by bus or by train?What would you like,coffee or tea?How many pens do you have,one or two?选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.Do you go to school
22、 by bus or by bike?By bus.Which would you like,tea or coffee?Coffee.一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 e.g.Is it right or wrong?Were you or he there?Are they reading,chatting or watching TV?特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 e.g.Which do you like better,coffee or milk?What color is it,red,blue or yellow?Where are you going,to the classroom or to the library?练习：我们晚上是去图书馆看书还是去听讲座？美国和中国的教育制度，你更喜欢哪一个？Shall we read in the library or listen to the lecture in the evening?Whose education system do you like better,Chinas or Americas?
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