1、Past participlesZxxk组卷网中学学科网Grammar:Past Participle(过去分词）判断过去分词在句子中充当的成分问题一1.At work,it is IQ that gets you hiredbut it is EQ that gets you promoted.object complement2.Supported by his academic research,professor Salovey suggests thatadverbial3.People are often mistaken in thinking that those with h
2、igh IQs always have high EQs as well.4.They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students feelingpredictiveverb/attributive分词还可以做状语表示原因、时间、方式或伴随状态。1.Supported by his research,he suggested that ,a persons brainpower,as measured by IQ tests,might.2.They also showed a better understanding
3、 of the disabled students feelings compared to students who hadnt Lets go over more exercise on page 9分词有现在分词（-ing)和 过去分词（-ed).都可以做定语修饰名词：(如何区别？能从下列例子中总结出一些规律吗？）1.This is an _(amuse)story.2.The _(care)nurse comforted the patient.3.The mother picked up the _(cry)baby.4.The _(excite)audience shouted l
4、oudly.5.The _(wound)soldier tried to climb up.6.This is an article _(write)by a new secretary.7.Its OK to drink _(boil)water.amusingcaringcryingexcitedwoundedwrittenboiled问题二-ing:主动，进行；-ed：被动，完成。Difficulty seeing or seen 1._ those pictures,he couldnt help thinking of those days.2._ from the mountain
5、,the city looks beautiful.SeeingSeenCan you fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given:1.The boy _(lie)under a tree is a student.2.In autumn,you can see many _(fall)leaves on the ground and there are also many _ leaves flying in the sky.3.Will you please fix the _(break)window?4.The
6、 _(frighten)girl just stood there and didnt know what to do.lyingfallenfallingbrokenfrightenedMore practice:In written English,past participle clauses can be used to link two parts of a sentence.Use past participle to replace the following causes:问题三：1.Because he was Influenced by Gandhis ideas abou
7、t peaceful protests,he organised a bus protest in 1965.Influenced by Gandhis ideas about peaceful protests,he organised a bus protest in 1965.Seen from the hill,the town looks magnificent.2.When the town is seen from the hill,it looks magnificent.=Given more time and attention,you can do it much bet
8、ter next time.3.If you are given more time and attention,you can do it much better next time.=Join the sentences by using the past participle phrases.1.The man was accused of stealing money.He was brought to court.Accused of stealing money,the man was brought to court.2.Jane was scared of the lighti
9、ng.She refused to go outsideScared by the lighting,Jane refused to go outside.3.A man was arrested by the police.What was his name?What was the name of the man arrested by the police?4.A boy was injured during the football match.He was examined by a doctor.Injured during a football match,the boy was
10、 examined by a doctor.Determined to be on time,Mr.Smith got the work completed.5.Mr Smith was determined to be on time.He got the work completed.Ex5.Join the sentences by using the Past Participle phrases 2.Scared of the lightning,Jane refused to go outside.(过去分词做状语表原因）3.What was the name of the man
11、 arrested by the police?（过去分词做定语）4.Injured during the football match,the boy was examined by a doctor.（过去分词做状语表原因）5.Determined to be on time,Mr.Smith got the work completed.（过去分词做状语表原因）Rewrite the following sentences with the correct participles.1.He found his phone _(disconnect)as he didnt pay his
12、bill.disconnected能力提升2.The car turned away,_(head)for the countryside.heading3._(recognize)as a man of many talents,the young man has a promising future.Recognized 4.The old man looked very pleased to see that his apartment beautifully _(decorate).5.Ways must be found to deal with the constant noise
13、 _(cause)serious health problem.decoratedcausing6.The building _(destroy)in the earthquake are being rebuilt now.7._(do)well in the final exams,lucky children will be sent to holidays camps.8.We must have our windows _(repair)before winter comes,or well freeze.destroyedDoingrepaired9._(shock)at the
14、terrible working conditions,we decided to quit the job.10._(choose)from 1,500 army pilots to work as an astronaut,Yang Liwei felt lucky and excited.ShockedChosen 1.When it is seen from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.2.Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words,he did a lot of
15、things to help his classmates.3.As he was surprised at what happened,Tom didnt know what to do.4.The meeting,which was attended by over five thousand people,welcomed the great hero.5.Do you know the man who is speaking to our headmaster?B.把下列各句改成分词结构。1.Seen from the hill,the park looks very beautifu
16、l.2.Greatly touched by his teachers words,he did a lot of things to help his classmates.3.Surprised at what happened,Tom didnt know what to do.4.The meeting attended by over five thousand people,welcomed the great hero.5.Do you know the man speaking to our headmaster?B.把下列各句改成分词结构。1.他们边唱边说向公园走去。2.做完
17、作业，他开始打篮球。3.正在被讨论的问题很重要。4.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。C.翻译下列句子，划线部分要求用现在分词的适当形式。1.They went to the park,singing and talking.2.Having done his homework,he played basket-ball.3.The problem being discussed is very important.4.Having been told many times,the naughty boy made the same mistake.小结：1）现在分词的主动语态：
18、现在分词主动语态的一般式（doing)表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式(having done)表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式(being done)表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。过去分词只有一种形式（done)规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。1.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）2.一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）3.如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）4.虽然
19、被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）翻译下列句子，划线部分要求用过去分词短语。1.Praised by the neighbours,he became the pride of his parents.2.Once seen,it can never be forgotten.3.Given more time,Ill be able to do it better.4.Though told of the danger,he still risked his life to save the boy.Having been told many times,the nau
20、ghty boy made the same mistake.（对比：4.Having been told of the danger,he still risked his life to save the boy.)Past participles1.及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,既表示被动,又表示完成。e.g.The cup is broken.茶杯破了。2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成。e.g.He is retired.他已退休。一、过去分词作表语e.g.The city is surrounde
21、d on three sides by mountains.这座城市三面环山。【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。3.有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构。二、过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。e.g.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。三、过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动
22、作。e.g.Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致。e.g.Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.四、过去分词作宾语补足语I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。五、“with+宾语+过去分词
23、”结构此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语。e.g.The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解决,我们都回家了。have something to do 有某事要做have something done 使某事被做have somebody do something 使某人做某事have something doing 让某事一直做着Talk about what EQ is and the importance of improving EQ.
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