1、Unit 2Language.单词默写1mixture n混合；混合体2official adj.官方的；正式的3entire adj.完全的；整个的4distinction n区别，差别5character n(书写或印刷)文字；符号；人物；性格6mistaken adj.错误的；误解的7hunt vt.&vi.打猎，猎杀；搜寻8combine vt.&vi.组合；(使)联合9press vt.(被)压，挤；推；施加压力 n报刊；新闻界；出版社10pattern n图案，花纹；模式；方式11nowadays adv.at the present time12defeat vt.to win
2、a victory over someone13process na set of actions or changes that develop or happen naturally14interrupt vi.&vt.to break someones flow of speech or action15practical adj.sensible and good at dealing with real situation.词汇拓展1contribute vi.&vt.贡献contribution n贡献2class n阶级，阶层classic adj.经典的classify vt.
3、分类classification n分类3differ vi.相异，有区别difference n差异different adj.不同的4indicate vt.显示，表示；象征；暗示indication n象征5represent vt.代表representative n代表representative n代表，表示语境助记词不离句，句不离段The official representative made great contributions to the process of this program. Despite many classes disagree with it.Wha
4、t they did really made a great difference.短语落实1be made up 由组成2distinguish. from 辨别3combine. with 把和组合在一起4name after 以命名5take control of 控制6as_a_whole 作为整体；总体上7stand_for 代表；象征8aside_from 除之外9ought_to 应当，应该10lead_to 导致.句子翻译1Some people are optimistic and believe that this process is good，while others
5、worry that it may result in language pollution.(Page 29)有人报乐观态度，认为这个过程是好的，而其他人则担心它会导致语言污染。2The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that，instead of an alphabet，it uses characters which stand for ideas，objects or deeds.(Page 38)汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表达思想、物体和行为。3Though these kinds of
6、 characters indicate meanings，one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.(Page 38)虽然这些类型的汉字能够表达意义，但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。4While the students found the soldiers idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.(Page 39)虽然同学们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过
7、复杂，并不实用。5他的方法使用带小凸点的纸张，这些小凸点可以用手指感觉出来。(Page 39)His_system_used_paper_with_small，raised_dots_that_could_be_felt_with_the_fingers.教材设题句型转换(每空不超过3个单词)1The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.(教材P22)The English language consists_of/is_composed_of the
8、 grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.2In fact，we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.(教材P22)In fact，we would be_unable_to understand it if we heard it today.3They brought with them their languages，which also mixed with old English.(教材P22)They brought with them
9、their languages，also_mixed_with/also_mixing(with) old English.4Though these kinds of characters indicate meaning，one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.(教材P38)In_spite_of/Despite these kinds of characters indicating meaning，one of their shortcomings is that
10、they do not show how they should be pronounced.5Braille lost his eyesight at the age of three as a result of an injury.(教材P39)Braille lost his eyesight at the age of three because_of/owing_to_/_due_to an injury. control n&v.控制【课本原句】 The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaki
11、ng people who defeated England and take control of the country in 1066.(P22)最重要的贡献是来自诺曼人，一个说法语的民族在1066年打败并控制了英国。take control of控制，掌管have/bring/keep/get sth under control控制住lose control of 失去对的控制out of control 失去控制in control of 控制；管理；掌握under the control of 在的管理之下【联想拓展】表示“管理(企业)”的词(词组)control，run，mana
12、ge，be in charge of 看看高考怎么考用control短语的正确形式填空The police present lost_control_of the crowd.They asked for help.With the help of the firefighters，they got the fire under_controlMum was angry to see her children out_of_controlWhy do you let him in_control_of your class while youre out？ raise vt.举起，抬高；提高；
13、种植；饲养(家畜)；抚育(子女)；引起；提出【课本原句】 After the Norman Conquest，many English people worked as servants who raised animals.(P23)诺曼征服后，许多英国人成为了饲养动物的仆人。raise sb to ones feet 把某人扶起来raise ones voice 提高声音raise money for. 为筹款raise a question 提出问题raise a family 养家糊口辨析raise/rise/arise原形用法中文意思过去式过去分词Raise及物举起；提高；唤起；饲养
14、raisedraisedRise不及物上升；起身roserisenArise不及物出现；发生升起；arosearisen看看高考怎么考They_raise_their_eyebrows(挑起眉毛)，surprised by my“no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad.(2011四川卷，阅读理解A)翻译句子我可以提一个问题么？May_I_raise_a_question?More TV programs，according to government officials，will be produced _peoples concern o
15、ver food safety.(2011重庆卷单项填空29)Ato raise Braising Cto have raised Dhaving raised答案AVoices were _ as the argument between the two motorists more badtempered.(2012湖南攸县一中高三上学期期中考试)Araised Breduced Crisen Darisen答案A replace v取代【课本原句】 However，the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angl
16、es and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier，which led to old English replacing Celtic.(P23)然而，诺曼征服并没有像600年前的安格鲁和撒克逊胜利一样影响英语，也导致了旧英语取代了凯尔特语。replace sb/sth取代某人/事be replaced by 被代替be replaced with. 用代替take the place of 取代in place of 代替看看高考怎么考不吃早饭而代之以零食不好。Its not a good idea to miss meals and repl
17、ace_them_with snack.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。Teachers will never be replaced_by_computers in class.现在很多办公室里电脑已经取代了打字机。Now computers have taken_the_place_of typewriters in most offices.在这个食谱中牛奶顶替不了奶油。Milk cant be used in_place_of cream in this recipe. depend vi.依靠【课本原句】 Depending on the situation in which the l
18、anguage is used，English can be formal or informal.(P26)看使用语言的实际情况，英语可以是正式的也可以是非正式的。depend on依靠，依赖；看情况而定depend on sb/sthfor sth 靠某人/某物提供depend on sb to do sth 依靠(相信)某人做某事It/that(all)depends. 那得看情况而定。dependence n. 依赖dependent adj. 有依赖性的independent adj. 独立的independence n. 独立看看高考怎么考翻译句子身体健康依靠的是好的食品、新鲜的空
19、气和充足的睡眠。Health_depends_on_good_food，fresh_air_and_enough_sleep. What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally，I think it will exist along with home shopping but_(2011安徽卷单项填空26)Awill never replace Bwould never replaceCwill never be replaced Dwould never be replace答案CHow often do you ea
20、t out?_，but we usually once a week.(2012湖南石齐学校高考复读部第1次月考)AHave no idea BIt depends CAs usual DGenerally speaking答案 B promise n& v诺言；许诺，允诺【课本原句】 I always wonder when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.(P28)我总是在想什么时候才能收到我父母答应送我的英文小说。promise sb sth或promise sth to sb 答应某人某事
21、promise to do sth 承诺做某事promisethat从句promise作名词，表示“允诺，承诺；诺言”，常用的搭配有：make a promise作出承诺，允诺keep ones promise 信守诺言break ones promise 违背诺言carry out ones promise 实践诺言fulfill ones promise 实现诺言【注意】 promise 作动词时，还可以表示“预示着；有的可能”promising 为形容词，表示“有前途的；有希望的”It promises to be warm this afternoon.今天下午有望天气转暖。The c
22、louds promise rain.多云预示着要下雨了。看看高考怎么考翻译句子他是一位很有前途的年轻钢琴家。He_is_a_promising_young_pianistWhat field will your son go into after graduation?He _ a good electrical engineer.(2012湖南醴陵一中月考)Apromises Bturns Cmakes Dproves答案AHe has _ never to tell a lie again，and he is sure to do so.(2012湖南攸县一中高三上学期期中考试)Aall
23、owed Bassured Cpromised Dcompromised答案C spread v延伸；展开【课本原句】 Today，the spread of borrowed words is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.(P29)现在，外来词的传播主要是通过世界各地都可以方便收看的电视节目和网络。spread sth on/over/across展开；铺开spread through/to/across 传播，蔓延spread lies/
24、rumors/gossip 散布谣言spread A on/over Bspread B with A 把A涂/敷在B上看看高考怎么考翻译句子妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。Mom_spread_a_new_tablecloth_on_the_table她被告知不要把这个秘密传出去。She_was_told_not_to_spread_this_secret_around坏消息的传开比你想象的还快。Bad_news_spreads_faster_than_you_can_imagine当女孩见到自己的母亲走来时，一个灿烂的微笑在她的脸上蔓延开来。When_the_girl_sees_her_mom_
25、come，a_sunny_smile_spreads_on_her_face. access n通道；入径；使用(或见到的)权利或机会【课本原句】 It is important for us to gain access to the internet.(P30)有机会接触网络对于我们来说很重要。accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；容易理解的be accessible to容易得到的；可使用的have/get/gain/obtain access to得以接近；得以进入；得以使用give access to接见；准许进入看看高考怎么考Even allowing for the
26、many people who still live in poverty，our own generation_has_access_to(可得到)more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.(2011湖北卷阅读理解D)The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have_acc
27、ess_to(可得到)a large number of accommodations.(2010浙江卷阅读理解B)That is some way behind the US.，where are more TVs than people，and where people now easily get_access_to(进入)the Internet.(2010福建卷阅读理解B)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be _ to the kids.(2009江西卷单项填空32)Aaccessibl
28、e Brelative Cacceptable Dsensitive答案A include vt.包括；包含【课本原句】 Today，it is the most common system used by blind people for reading and writing，and nearly every languages，including Chinese，has its own version of Braille for its people to use.(P39)现在它是最常见的供盲人阅读和写作的系统，几乎每个语种包括中文都有其各自的版本供盲人使用。including现在分
29、词转化为介词，后面接名词或代词，与句子主语是主动关系。included 过去分词形式，常接在名词或代词后面，表示被动关系。辨析include/containinclude(1)一般只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分(2)includingn.n.includedcontain(1)通常用于表示所包含之物的全部或部分(2)含有某种成分(3)容纳(hold)They have many pets，including three cats/three cats included.他们有很多宠物，猫就有三只。He had included a large number of funny stories
30、in the speech.他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。Many cars run on petrol which contains lead.许多汽车都用含铅汽油作燃料。看看高考怎么考 Of course，this didnt include(包括)her when she told me that if I didnt eat all my vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldnt give me any presents.(2011湖北卷阅读理解A)This_includes(包括)a computer，a pr
31、inter，books and technical services.(2011辽宁卷阅读理解B)How come a simple meal like this costs so much?We have _ in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now.(2012湖南津市一中月考)Aadded Bincluded Ccontained Dcharged答案B look up(在字典或参考书中)查找；查阅；仰视，抬头看；(情况)好转，改善【课本原句】 He looks up and waves his hand from side t
32、o side.(P35)他抬起头挥了挥手。look back on回顾；回忆look down on/upon 俯视；轻视某人look forward to 盼望look into 向里看；调查look up to 向上看；尊敬look through 浏览look on.as 把看作/认为look out 当心看看高考怎么考People_look_forward_to_seeing(期待看到)more excellent players play basketball abroad.Sam _some knowledge of the computer just by watching ot
33、hers working on it.(2010山东卷语法和词汇知识27)Abrought up Blooked upCpicked up Dset up答案CThe building around the corner caught fire last night.The police are now _ the matter.(2012湖南醴陵一中月考)Alooking up Blooking outClooking into Dlooking for答案C pick up 重新开始；继续；收拾，整理；好转；接人；接受；得到【课本原句】 He picks up a blue skirt f
34、or his daughter and shows it to her.(P35)他为他女儿选了一条蓝色裙子并给她看了看。pick on故意刁难；挑剔；挑选；选中pick out 精心挑选；认出来，辨别出看看高考怎么考Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick_them_up(接他们)，I continued my way.(2011湖南卷完形填空)She picked_up(继续了)a longforgotten membership in the local league of women，so that she cou
35、ld get to know more people.(2011陕西卷阅读理解C)A study shows that students living in nonsmoking dorms are less likely to _ the habit of smoking.(2012浏阳市一中高三上学期期中考试)Amake up Bpick upCdraw up Dturn up答案BI have to drive to the railway station to _ the experts from Shanghai.(2012湖南师大附中月考)Atake in Bpick up Cdr
36、aw on Dbring in答案B That is why.句型【课本原句】 That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.(P22)那就是为什么英语有那么多令人困惑不解的规则。Thats why.那就是的原因Thats because. 那就是因为Thats what. 那就是的事情Thats how. 那就是的方式Thats where. 那就是的地方Thats when. 那就是的时候看看高考怎么考用适当的连接词填空I was late for the appointment.Thats beca
37、use I met with an old friend on the way.I met with an old friend on the way，and thats why I was late for the appointment.Yesterday is history.Tomorrow is a mystery.Today is a gift.Thats how we call it the “present”Tom tried various ways to solve the problem.Yes.Thats what he worked all these years.
38、not all表示部分否定【课本原句】 Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.(P38)不是所有的字体都是由物体的图形发展而来的。all，both，every，everybody，everything，always，complete等词与否定词not连用时，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”。如：All that glitters is not gold.发光的并非都是金子。Not all the ants go out for food.并非所有的蚂蚁都出去觅食。看看高考怎么考He says that once
39、again not_all(不是所有的)new locks have proved reliable.(2011浙江卷阅读理解A)Not_all(不是所有的)of its maps are online，so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with producers through the Green Maps website.(2011重庆卷阅读理解B) The exam wasnt difficult at all，was it?No，but I dont believe _ could pass it.(2012永州
40、四中第4次月考)Asomebody BanybodyCeverybody Dnobody答案C.短语填空make up，concentrate on，as a whole，take control of，turn into，over time，what if，depend on，in that，consist of1As_a_whole，the weather has been fine this month.2The table made_up of three parts is easy to carry.3The company，taken_control_of by a wise ma
41、nager，develops very smoothly.4We students should concentrate_on our lessons.5Life of the people by the Tianchi Lake has changed over_time because of the increasing number of tourists who visit it each day.6She said it was the teachers praise and encouragement that turned_ her into a good student.7A
42、medical team consisting_of two doctors and three nurses are setting out for Africa.8I understand now，but the question is what_if I still cannot understand the meanings.9Traditional Chinese sports are similar to the western sports in_that both are meant to improve peoples health.10Whether we will hol
43、d a sports meet tomorrow depends_on the weather.同义转换1That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.That is the_reason_why English is a language with so many confusing rules.2The language they created is what we now call Old English.The language that/which_ they created is the_one_th
44、at we now call Old English.3I want to have a word with you about the condition of the playground.I would_like to speak/talk_to you about the condition of the playground.4I hope that you will think about my concerns.It is my_hope that you will _take_ my concerns_ into consideration .5I expect your re
45、ply.I look_forward_to your answer.句子翻译1你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。(contribute to)Your_suggestion_will_contribute_to_solving_the_problem.2尽管这个事实，法语还是对英语产生了巨大影响。(have an impact on)Despite_this_fact，French_still_had_an_impact_on_the_English_language.3英语在未来是不是还要继续变化这个问题很容易回答。(whether同位语从句)The_question_whether_Engli
46、sh_will_continue_changing_in_the_future_is_easy_to_answer.4我们一定会成功。(It is certain that.)It_is_certain_that_we_will_succeed.5杰克在父亲去世后接管了生意。(take control of)Jack_took_control_of_the_business_after_his_father_died.单项填空1The driver started to speed up to _ for the hour he had lost in the traffic jam.Akee
47、p up Btake upCmake up Dcatch up答案C句意：司机开始加速是为了弥补交通堵塞时耽误的时间。make up(for)的意思是“弥补”，符合句意。keep up表示“保持”；take up表示“拿起；从事；占据等”；catch up表示“赶上”。2Its reported that by the end of this year the output of the factory _ by about 20%.Awill have risen Bwill be raisedCwill rise Dwill have arisen答案A句意：据报道，到今年年底，这个工厂的
48、汽车产量将增长约20%。根据题干中的by the end of this year可知，选A。3. We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world.Aa；a Ba；the Cthe；a Dthe；the答案A句意：如果我们不能创造一个污染较少的世界，就不要期待会拥有一方更蓝的天空。根据句意可知，两个空格处均表示泛指，因此都用不定冠词a。4Along with his letter was his promise _ he would attend the opening ceremony the co
49、ming month.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhether答案B考查名词性从句。句意：他在信里承诺下个月将来参加开幕式。that引导同位语从句。5In schools，is it required that no parent _ to classrooms during class time?Ahave access Bhas connectionChave contact Dhas access答案A句意：学校要求家长上课期间不得进入教室吗？在it is required that.句式中，从句中的谓语应用“(should)动词原形”，由此可以排除B、D项；contact
50、意为“接触”，不合题意。A项的意思是“有权”，符合题意。6Do you know when Mary came back yesterday evening?Yes.It was not yet nine oclock _ she came back home.Abefore Bwhen Cthat Duntil答案B句意：你知道Mary昨晚什么时候回来的吗？他回到家时，还不到九点。这里考查when引导的时间状语从句。7Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are obvious mistakes?Alook around B
51、look intoClook up Dlook through答案D句意：请你帮我浏览一下论文，看看有没有明显的错误，好吗？look through的意思是“浏览”；look around的意思是“环顾四周”；look into的意思是“调查”；look up的意思是“抬头看；查阅”。8After he retired from office，Mr Green _ painting for a while，but soon lost interest.Atook up Badded up Cmade up Dgave up答案A句意：退休后，格林先生画了一段时间画，但是很快失去了兴趣。take
52、 up的意思是“从事”；add up的意思是“总计”；make up的意思是“编造；化妆；弥补等”；give up的意思是“放弃；投降”，因此A项正确。9Lets go climbing，shall we?_ .I like getting close to nature.AI couldnt agree more BI believe notCIm afraid not DI dont think so答案A根据答语中的I like getting close to nature可知，说话者很愿意接受对方的提议，因此A项正确。其他选项不合题意。10_ the right kind of tr
53、aining，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.AGiving BHaving givenCTo give DGiven答案D句意：如果得到适当的训练，这些青少年足球队员有一天可能会成长为国际明星。根据语意可知，give和these teenage soccer players之间是动宾关系，因此这里用过去分词。11Although the used car seems in good _ ，it cannot run too fast.Astate BsituationCconditi
54、on Doccasion答案Cin good condition是固定词组，意思是“状态良好”。12My class _ 45 boys and 20 girls.Ais consisted of Bis made upCis made of Dconsists of答案Dconsist of相当于be made up of，表示“由组成”。13When word came _ the athlete won the gold medal in the match，people were wild with joy.Awhich Bhow Cthat Dwhat答案Cthat引导同位语从句，修
55、饰中心词word。从句较长，为了保持句子的平衡，主句的谓语动词came提到了同位语从句之前。14_ having some money does have a good effect on our level of happiness，having too much money does not.AWhile BWhen CAs DUntil答案A句意：尽管有一些钱的确可以使我们感到快乐，可是有太多的钱却并非如此。While在这里表示“尽管；虽然”。15Other men live to eat ，_ he eats to live.Aand Bwhen Cwhile Dor答案C句意：其他人活着为了吃饭，而他吃饭是为了活着。while这里意为“而”，表示前后对比。