1、语法强化训练(四)名词与主谓一致基础达标.单句语法填空1(2017全国卷)This development was only possible with the _(introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.【答案】introduction空格前是冠词，空格后是of所有格，故此处用名词形式。2(2017全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界)as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unint
2、ended side _(effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【答案】effectsside effect副作用，为可数名词，前面有some修饰。因此用复数形式。3(2017全国卷)She has turned down several _(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.【答案】invitationsinvitation“邀请
3、”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。4(2017浙江6月)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _(carrot) and was about to throw them away.【答案】carrotscarrot是可数名词，根据a handful of一把可知，应用复数形式。5(2016全国卷)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top _(attract)【答案】a
4、ttraction根据前面的its及形容词top“头等的；最重要的”可知，后面跟名词形式。6(2016全国卷)Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve)【答案】achievement介词of后应用名词作宾语。此处achievement表抽象意义，意为“成就感”，故用单数形式。7(2016全国卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to
5、 479 BC.，influenced the _(develop) of chopsticks.【答案】development根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。8(2016全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few _(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，the other is with mumshe never suspects.【答案】daysevery few可数名词复数，意为“每隔”。9(2017天津卷)Nowadays, cycling, alo
6、ng with jogging and swimming, _ (regard) as one of the best allround forms of exercise.【答案】is regarded三种锻炼形式与动词regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语后有along with连接的短语时，谓语动词的数应与主语保持一致，即与cycling一致，此处谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is regarded。10(2016全国卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _ (be) often acceptable.【答案】is分析句
7、子结构可知，句中动名词短语leaving the less important things until tomorrow作主语，故谓语动词用单数。.单句改错1(2017全国卷)The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！”_【答案】wordwords考查名词的数。根据下文提示，教练发出了“Speed up！”，“Slow down！”，“Turn left！”多个指令，故用word的复数形式words。2(2017全国卷)Besides, they often get some use
8、ful informations from the Internet._【答案】informationsinformation考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式，故将informations改为information。3(2016浙江卷)When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later._【答案】childrenchild考查名词单复数。由when引导的时间状语从句中主语是I，为单数，且有冠词a，故应用child。4(2016
9、四川卷)Mom has a fulltime job，but she has to do most of the houseworks._【答案】houseworkshousework考查可数名词与不可数名词的混用。housework“家务”，为不可数名词，没有复数。.单句语法填空1(2018贵州适应性考试)If we are not aware of these differences, some unusual _ (thing) might happen.【答案】things考查名词的数。根据该句中的some可知，可数名词thing应用复数形式。2(2018武汉武昌区调研)Driven
10、by the _ (curious) in my heart, I came to China and took part in a cruise(乘船度假) along part of the river last year.【答案】curiosity考查名词。curious为形容词，由前面的冠词the可知，此处应用名词；driven by the curiosity意为“受好奇心驱使”。3(2018重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)Nothing I did seemed to make any _ (different). “It cant be the fuel，” I thought.【
11、答案】difference考查名词。make any difference为固定搭配，意为“有任何影响”。4(2018福建省高三质检)“Alaya, you dont have to do this if you dont want to. Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said I wasnt going to do it, my _ (foot) carried me toward the pool.【答案】feet考查名词复数。foot是可数名词，且没有被冠词修饰，故用复数形式。5(2018浙江嘉兴基础测试)Portmans educational b
12、ackground has influenced one of her _ (project)【答案】projectsone of后接可数名词的复数形式，表示“之一”，故填projects。6(2018湖南怀化一模)More than one doctor _ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.【答案】was句意：许多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中。“more than one可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据从句用一般过去时可知，主句也应用一般过去时。故填was。7(2018
13、浙江金、温、台三市部分学校联考)Computer game _ (design) often create interesting video games to tempt players to keep playing.【答案】designers根据句意可知此处表示“电子游戏的设计者”，同时根据谓语动词create可知，需用复数形式，故填designers。8(2018河北石家庄二中联考)I would appreciate it if you could take me into _ (consider). Looking forward to receiving your reply.【
14、答案】consideration句意：如果你能考虑我， 我将不胜感激。盼望收到你的回复。介词into后需加名词形式。此处take.into consideration(考虑到)为固定短语。9(2018湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which _ (be) of great help.【答案】is句意：他给那些生活贫困的人捐了一些钱，这帮了大忙。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容，故从句谓语动词应用单数；根据空前的has donated可知此处应用一般现在时。故
15、填is。10(2018湖南师大附中月考)Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants _ (be) to arrive by air.【答案】is句意：詹姆斯教授将给我们做一次关于西方文化的演讲，他和他的助理将乘飞机到达。as well as连接并列成分时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面主语保持一致。11(2018石家庄质量检测一)However，as for William and Kate，the _(decide) to dress George in
16、shorts is more likely down to the tradition than a class issue.【答案】decision考查名词。根据定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。12(2018陕西检测一)What _(happy) should we find in reviewing the past，and what regrets?【答案】happiness考查词性转换。根据“what regrets”可知，此处应用名词形式，故用名词happiness。13(2018昆明质量检测)Erica Kenney，a _(science) at Harvard TH.Chan
17、 School of Public Health，originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks that kids were consuming in schools.【答案】scientist考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知，该处用名词，表示“一位科学家”。14(2018贵州适应性考试)If we are not aware of these differences，some unusual _(thing) might happen.【答案】things考查名词的数。根据该句中的some可知，可数名词thing应
18、用复数形式。15(2018湖北武汉高三调考)Throughout China there are many ancient buildings and in particular ancient towns.Lijiang and Dali both have glorious _(example) of this.【答案】examplesexample是可数名词，此处表示“很多的例子”，应用复数形式。.单句改错1(2018郑州第一次质量预测)I liked the airs there because it was fresh and clean.Many stars were up hig
19、h in the sky and the moon looked bright._【答案】airsair考查名词复数。air在此处表示“空气”，是不可数名词，故没有复数形式。2(2018广东汕头高三质检)Friendship is very important to everyone, especially to me. Now, I would like to describe one of my best friends whose name are Petou. _ 【答案】areis考查主谓一致。whose引导的定语从句的先行词是代词“one”，因此谓语动词应该用单数。3(2018武汉
20、武昌区调研)Considering my case, my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math. _ 【答案】approachapproaches考查名词的数。approach作“方法”讲时，是可数名词；由前面的several可知，应用复数形式。4(2018长沙一模)When the boy sang a song with his guitar, all the judge were astonished by his ta
21、lent. _ 【答案】judgejudges考查名词的数。根据该句中的all和谓语动词were可知，所有的评委都对他的天赋感到惊讶，故用复数形式。5(2018云南11校区调研)What was worse, many tourists threw rubbishes here and there. _ 【答案】rubbishesrubbish考查名词。rubbish作“垃圾”讲，为不可数名词。6(2018广东七校联考)Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. _ 【答案】attract
22、ionattractions考查名词的数。attraction作“吸引人之物”讲时，为可数名词，根据该句中的some可知，此处指多个旅游景点，故用复数形式。7(2018湖北武汉高三调考)We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs. _ 【答案】funsfunfun是不可数名词，没有复数形式。8(2018安徽合肥八中第一次段考)The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you right to the Friendship Hotel. _ 【答案】minu
23、teminutesminute前面有数词30修饰，应用复数形式。9(2018郑州第三次质量预测)Now Im feeling regretful and disturbed. Im not sure whether a computers repair shop can get the documents back. _ 【答案】computerscomputer考查名词，computer在此为名词作定语。10(2018福建福州八中高三质检)As the saying go, “United we stand; divided we fall.” _ 【答案】gogoes句中的主语是the s
24、aying，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。11(2018浙江金丽衢十二校高三第一次联考)She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer was. _【答案】waswere在where引导的宾语从句中，主语是her desk and her computer，谓语动词须用复数形式。12(2018吉林长春外国语学校第二次质量检测)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I
25、 need in our class. _ 【答案】knowknowsknow是定语从句中的谓语动词，其形式由先行词person确定。由于person是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。能力提升.语法填空(2018江西九江二模)Chengdu has been making a name for itself in Western countries in recent years，as the city has moved to _1_(strength)its cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.Chengdu Week _2_(ho
26、st)in Madrid in January as a major activity of the 2017 Happy Spring Festival in Spain，_3_ is an annual event held by the Chinese embassy in Spain to celebrate _4_ traditional Spring Festival holiday with overseas Chinese，locals and other visitors.It was the first time that the Chinese embassy had _
27、5_(patient)introduced a city to the traditional Lunar New Year celebration.During the festival，classic regional art forms such as paper cutting，shadow plays and face changing opera performances were _6_ display at the famous Plaza Mayor in Madrid.“The performances are so _7_(amaze)that I want to buy
28、 a ticket to Chengdu right now，” said Manuela Carmena，mayor of Madrid，during the event.Mayor Carmena said that the two cities shared _8_(similar)in many aspects and she hoped two cities could have _9_(far) exchanges than before in tourism and culture.Chengdu has become more closely tied to Spain sin
29、ce a direct flight between Madrid _10_ Chengdu was launched on December 17.【解题导语】近年来，成都通过文化交流，大大提升了在世界上的影响力。本文介绍了2017年春节期间在西班牙举办的成都(文化)周，剪纸、变脸等传统艺术或表演引起了轰动。1strengthen考查词性转换。句意为：因为这座城市已经采取行动来加强其与世界其他地区的文化交流。空后是名词结构，所以此处用动词，和空前的to构成动词不定式结构。故填strengthen。2was hosted考查动词的时态和语态。设空处在句中作谓语，和主语Chengdu Week之
30、间是被动关系，且根据时间状语in January可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was hosted。3which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Happy Spring Festival，指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导该从句。4the考查冠词。此处特指传统的中国春节假期，用定冠词the。5patiently考查词性转换。句意为：这是中国大使馆第一次耐心地介绍一个城市给这个传统的农历新年庆祝活动。设空处修饰谓语动词introduced，作状语，应用副词。故填patiently。6on考查固定搭配。句意为：在节日期间，经典的地
31、方艺术形式如剪纸、皮影戏和变脸表演均在马德里著名的马约尔广场进行。on display为固定搭配，意为“展览；展出”。7amazing考查词性转换。设空处在系动词are后作表语，主语为The performances(表演)，前有副词so修饰，所以用amazing，意为“惊人的；了不起的”。8similarities考查词性转换及名词单复数。句意为：卡梅纳市长说两个城市在很多方面有相似点，她希望两个城市能够在旅游业和文化方面有比以往更深入的交流。设空处作谓语动词shared的宾语，应用名词；similarity为可数名词，所以用复数形式。9further考查形容词比较级。根据后面的标志词tha
32、n可知，此处用比较级。10and考查连词。between.and.为固定搭配，意为“在和之间”。.短文改错(2018潍坊高考模拟)Last weekend，I went to visit my English teacher，who was already in his fifty, He gives me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student.Delighting to see me，he asked my senior middle school life.Then he advised me to make ful
33、ly preparations for the coming entrance examination.It was so a pleasure to see him again that I didnt notice it was pretty later.I had to say goodbye to each other.He is not only a good teacher but my close friend.Wherever I will go，I will always treasure a time that I spent with my teacher.【答案】Las
34、t weekend，I went to visit my English teacher，who was already in his ， He me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student. to see me，he asked my senior middle school life.Then he advised me to make preparations for the coming entrance examination.It was a pleasure to see him again that I d
35、idnt notice it was pretty . had to say goodbye to each other.He is not only a good teacher but my close friend.Wherever I go，I will always treasure time that I spent with my teacher.第一处：考查固定搭配。in ones fifties为固定搭配，意为“在某人五十多岁时”。第二处：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“when I was a junior middle school student”可知，该处陈述的是过去发
36、生的事情，故用一般过去时。第三处：考查形容词。根据该句主语“he”可知，该处形容人“很高兴”，故用Delighted；delighting意为“令人高兴的”，形容事物。第四处：考查介词。句意为：他询问了我高中生活的相关情况。ask about意为“询问关于”，符合语境。第五处：考查形容词。make full preparations for为固定搭配，意为“为做好充分准备”preparation为名词，应用形容词full修饰。第六处：考查固定搭配。该句是说，再次看到他让“我”如此高兴以至于没有注意到时间已经很晚了。“a pleasure”为名词短语，故用such修饰；so修饰形容词或副词。第七
37、处：考查形容词。句意为：再次看到他让我如此高兴以至于没有注意到时间已经很晚了。该处不构成比较关系，故用形容词原级。第八处：考查人称代词。根据该句中“say goodbye to each other”可知，“我们”不得不互说再见。故主语用We。注意首字母大写。第九处：考查动词的时态。该句主句用了一般将来时，根据句意可知，从句应用一般现在时。第十处：考查冠词。根据该句中的“that I spent with my teacher”可知，该处特指“我”和老师在一起的时间，故用定冠词the。.语法填空(2018泰安一轮复习检测)If it rains _1_(heavy) on the Sevent
38、h Night Festival，some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu，or the Weaving Maid，is crying on the day she meets her husband Niulang，or the Cowherd，on the Milky Way(银河)Most Chinese remember _2_(tell)this romantic tragedy(悲剧)when they were children on Qixi, _3_ falls on the seventh day of the se
39、venth lunar month.The festival _4_(date)back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCAD 220)In this day，girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water _5_ the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery(刺绣) skills.If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking，it proves the girl is a _6_ (skill
40、)embroider.The love story of the Qixi Festival has been handed down for generations.And its certain that these ancient _7_(custom)will live forever.Even Qixi _8_(refer) to as the“Chinese Valentines Day” nowadays.More and more young Chinese people meet in _9_(celebrate)of this day in a very similar w
41、ay as _10_ in western countries.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国传统的节日七夕情人节的来历。1heavily考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词“rains”，应用副词形式。故填heavily。2being told考查非谓语动词。根据“when they were children”可知，此处应用remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”；tell和主语“Most Chinese”是被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式。故填being told。3which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代
42、词which。4dates考查动词的时态和语态。此处讲述这个节日的起源，是客观事实，应用一般现在时；date back是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。故填dates。5on考查介词。具体某一天的晚上应用介词on。6skillful/skilled考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词“embroider”，应用skill的形容词形式。故填skillful/skilled。7customs考查名词复数。空格前有“these”修饰，应用custom的复数形式。故填customs。8is referred考查动词的时态和语态。文章的主体时态是一般现在时；refer和其逻辑主语“Qixi”之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is referred。9celebration考查词性转换。in celebration of为固定搭配，意为“为了庆祝”，符合语境。故填celebration。10that考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代西方的情人节。表示定指，单数，所以用that。
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