1、重点识记词汇1.quality n质量；品质；性质 2.meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3principle n法则；原则；原理4.out of work 失业5attack vt.进攻；攻击；抨击6.as a matter of fact 事实上7turn to 求助于；致力于8.lose heart 丧失勇气或信心9escape vi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开e to power 当权；上台11set up 设立；建立12.opinion n意见；看法；主张13president n总统；会长；校长；行长14.vote vt.&vi.投票；选举 n投票；选票；表决15in troub
2、le 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中16.guidancen指导；领导guide v指导17beg vi.请求；乞求beggar n乞丐18sentence vt.判决；宣判be sentenced to 被判处(徒刑)19self n自我；自身selfish adj.自私的selfless adj.无私的；忘我的20cruelty n残忍；残酷cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地21generous adj.慷慨的；大方的generously adv.慷慨地；大方地generosity n慷慨；大方22hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的hop
3、eless adj.没有希望的23peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peace n和平；平静；和睦24equal adj.相等的；平等的equally adv.平等地；同等地equality n平等；同等25willing adj.乐意的；自愿的unwilling adj.不愿意的willn意志；遗嘱26educate vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育27legal adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal adj.(反义词)非法的；违法的28devote vt.(与 to 连用)献身；专心于devoted adj.忠实的；
4、深爱的devotion n奉献29unfair adj.不公正的；不公平的fair adj.(反义词)公正的；公平的30active adj.积极的；活跃的activity n活动31violence n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的32reward n报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的33terror n恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动terrified adj.感到恐惧的；受惊吓的34relative n亲戚；亲属relation n关系；血缘关系；亲属relationship n关系 必背经典句式1.The last th
5、irty years have seen the greatest number of laws stoppingour rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage wherewe have almost no rights at all.过去 30 年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。3.He taugh
6、t us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when weshould have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。4I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。5The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.我能找到工作的原因是我工作努力。6They were not cleverer than me，but they did pass their
7、exams.他们不如我聪明但又确实通过了考试。构词记忆il/im/in/ir-illegal/Ili l/adj.不合法的；非法的；犯法的impatient/ImpeI nt/adj.不耐烦的；焦躁的inability/InbIltI/nU无能；无力；不能irrelevant/Irelvnt/adj.无关紧要的；不相关的1 devote v.献身；致力；专心于；把用于give most of.to应试指导 过去分词作定语、状语的考查devote.to.把致力于专心于devoted adj.忠实的be devoted to 致力于，献身于；热爱devotion n.奉献；关照You will n
8、ever gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.除非你全心全意地去工作，否则你将永远不会获得成功。(湖南，26)Alanna has always shown intense devotion to her children.阿兰娜一直非常钟爱她的孩子们。夯实基础(1)用 devote 的适当形式填空He is highly thought of because of his devotion to duty.His life is one devoted to the people.(2)He devoted himse
9、lf to community activities and was praised by the people around.Devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作原因状语改写句子)Devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)2 position n.姿势；位置，方位；职位；地位；观点；态度；v.安置；安装应试指导 作先行词时定语从句
10、关系词的考查in ones position 处于某人的位置状况in position 在适当的位置out of position 不在适当的位置take the position that.认为One can find his position in life in his own way.一个人可以用自己的方式找到在生活中的位置。(浙江阅读 D)Leave the bandage in position until the doctor tells you to remove it.让绷带保持原样，直到医生叫你拆掉为止。特别提醒当 position 后跟定语从句且 position 在从句
11、中作状语时，引导词应用 where。夯实基础语法填空(1)If you were in my position，what would you do then?(2)Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.3 allow v.允许；准许应试指导 后跟非谓语动词的考查allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事allow sb.sth.允许某人某事allow for 考虑到We dont allow s
12、moking in our home.在我们家里不允许吸烟。He was allowed to leave the country.他获准离开该国。夯实基础语法填空(1)The twins，who had finished their homework，were allowed to play(play)badminton on theplayground.(2)We dont allow eating(eat)in the classroom.(3)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows
13、them tocommunicate(communicate)freely with each other.4equal adj.相同的，相等的the same in.；平等的；相当的；能胜任的fit；capable；n.同等的人；相等物；v.与相等，等于be the same in.；比得上；抵得过be as good as.应试指导 equally 写作关联词be equal in 在方面比得上be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与相等；胜任on equal terms 在对等的条件下,without equal/have no equal 无与伦比He is a
14、player without equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。I want to encourage her to do well，but equally I dont want to make her feel pressurized.我想鼓励她好好干，但同时我也不想让她有太大压力。夯实基础(1)语法填空He is equal to Tom in ability.His wife was doing work of equal importance.The two countries had a conversation on equal terms.(2)他能胜任这项工作。(一句多译)
15、He is equal to the job.(equal)He is up to the job.(up)He is fit for the job.(fit)He is qualified to do/for doing the job.(qualified)5 opinion n.意见；见解；信念；看法；主张in ones opinionin the opinion of sb.在某人看来have a good/bad/high/low opinion of sb./sth.对评价好/不好/高/低In my opinion，people need to learn to accept t
16、he reality and keep on trying.依我看，人们应该学会接受现实并不断努力。(北京开放作文)特别提醒(1)英语中“表达意见”通常用 express/give/offer ones opinion，而不说 make onesopinion。(2)英语习惯上用 what 询问某人的意见或看法，而不用 how。(3)英语中常用 according to sb.或 in ones opinion 来表示“根据某人的意见”。夯实基础在他看来，这是一本好书。(一句多译)(1)In his opinion，this is a good book.(opinion)(2)Accordi
17、ng to him，this is a good book.(according)(3)As far as he is concerned，this is a good book.(concerned)(4)In his judgment，this is a good book.(judgment)(5)In his(point of)view，this is a good book.(view)6 turn to 转身；求助于；致力于应试指导 turn 短语语境词义辨析turn to sb.for help 向某人求助turn out 结果是；证明是；为看热闹蜂拥而至take turns t
18、o do./in doing.轮流做in turn 依次；轮流；逐个；相应地by turns 轮流地；依次表现出不同的情感或特质However，when it is something beyond my competence，I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.但是当事情超出我的能力时，我向同学或老师求助。(安徽书面表达)夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空in turn，turn to，turn out，turn down，by turns(1)The weather was mild and rainy by turns throughout
19、 the week.(2)You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal turned down again.(3)Thousands of people turned out to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.(4)We are at your service.Dont hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems.(5)He asked each of us in turn to describe how alcohol h
20、ad affected our lives.7 lose heart灰心；泄气；丧失信心lose confidencelose ones heart to sb.爱上某人lose ones temper 发脾气lose ones patience 失去耐心lose ones way 迷路When I cant get good grades and I am in low spirits，my parents always encourage me never tolose heart.当我没有取得好成绩情绪低落时，父母总是鼓励我不要丧失信心。(广东读写任务)夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空los
21、e heart，lose ones temper，lose ones heart to，lose ones patience(1)I found Ive lost my heart to you.(2)My grandfather became fierce when he lost his temper.(3)Weve kept waiting for almost an hour；I lost my patience.(4)When you fail，you should never lose heart.1He was the first man to land on the moon
22、in July 1969.1969 年 7 月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。句型公式：不定式作定语(1)动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即后置定语。(2)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及 the only，the very 修饰时，常用不定式作定语。(3)to come 将来的；to spare 剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。(4)修饰某些抽象名词的不定式，有时可转换为介词短语。He is the only one to survive the accident.他是这次事故中唯一的幸存者。I caught the train with only
23、a few seconds to spare.我在离开车只剩数秒时赶上了火车。夯实基础语法填空(1)The captain is the last to leave(leave)the ship.(2)Would you like something to drink(drink)?(3)Volunteering gives you a chance to change(change)lives，including your own.(4)There are still many problems to be solved(solve)before we are ready for a lon
24、g stay on theMoon.2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.直到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。句型公式：only.“only副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。Only by saying polite words can you get on well with others.只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好。(江西书面表达)特别提醒(1)only从句放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。(2)only 修饰主语时不倒装。夯实基础单句改错(1)Only when had he
25、studied the data again he realized that there was a mistake.Only when he had studied the data again did he realize that there was a mistake.(2)Only can man speak.Only man can speak.3 I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。句型公式：.the first time.the first time 作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似
26、的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly 等。He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。Every time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers
27、.每次在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。特别提醒for the first time 在句中只能作状语，不具有连词功能，不能用来引导状语从句。夯实基础I fell in love with you the moment I saw you.(1)I fell in love with you as soon as I saw you.(用 as soon as 改写句子)(2)I fell in love with you immediately/directly/instantly I saw you.(用以-ly 结尾的连词改写句子)4单元语法用定语从句的引导词完成句子(1)Wha
28、t is the name of the town where we stayed last night?(2)Please leave the book where it was.(3)This is the reason why/for which he cried.(4)July，when/in which we can go home for a rest，is coming soon.(5)I shall never forget the days when I lived in the country with my parents.高考题组.短文改错(2014陕西)My fath
29、er took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me aboutanimals，insects and trees.My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.Myuncles immediate jumped up and shot
30、their arrows on the bird.Neither of the arrows hit thetarget.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the skythey were looked like rain！We ranto escape but fortunately no one was injured.That day I didnt learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson aboutgravity!答案
31、My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted toteach me aboutanimals，insects and trees.My uncles all comecame along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，havehaving our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying overus.My unclesimmediateim
32、mediately jumped up and shot their arrows onat the bird.NeitherNoneof the arrows hitthe target.Suddenly the arrows waswere flying down at us from the skythey werelooked 或 were looked like rain！We ran to escape butand fortunately no one was injured.That day I didnt learn much about animals，insects or
33、 trees，but I learnt aan impressive lessonabout gravity!.写作常用句翻译1在我看来，溺爱和过多的关心对孩子的发展尤其有害。(in ones opinion)(2013福建书面表达)In my opinion，overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for childrens development.2我们没有赢得比赛，但我们没有灰心。(lose heart)(2013湖南书面表达)We didnt win the match，but we didnt lose heart.3只有
34、这样，我们才能生活在一个舒适美丽的环境中。(only.)(2012福建书面表达)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.4我真的对这个职位感兴趣，希望能为你工作。(position)(2011辽宁书面表达)Im really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.5原因是来自父母的压力几乎让他们没有时间从事其他的活动。(allow)(2011陕西书面表达)The reason is often that the
35、 pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for otheractivities.6然后我向老师求助，他建议我和其他同学合作。(turn to)(2011湖北短文写作)Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others.7而且，她经常把业余时间用来帮助他人。(devote)(2010浙江书面表达)Besides，she often devotes her spare time to helping others.模拟题组.语法填空1Yo
36、ur sister nearly devoted all her spare time to her study during the three years.Thats right，or she wouldnt have taken(not，take)the first place in her school in the CollegeEntrance Examination.2Please return your seat back to an upright position，which will do good to your health.3He wasnt allowed to
37、stay(stay)up late.4I dont think he is equal to doing(do)this kind of work，so I cant hire him.5Whenever we are in trouble，we should never lose heart.6The government has set up a committee to look into this accident.7For the first time in her life Jennie realized that so many people were loving her in
38、 the world.8Only by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantages over other companies.9Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts?10That is the only way we can imagine to reduce(reduce)the overuse of water in studentsbathrooms.单句改错1After he heard the bad new
39、s，his face took on a worrying expression.worryingworried2Several hours later，with the help of the police，the students managed to escape the dangerousplace，hungry and frightened.escaped 后加上 from3The man was sentenced 10 years imprisonment for robbing the bank.sentenced 后加上 to4He led the workers in fi
40、ghting the war.fighting 后加上 against5As matter of fact，social customs vary in different parts of the world.As 后加上 a6That football team had won no games and it lost its heart.去掉 its7Dont be worried，because there is nothing to worry.worry 后加上 about8Madame Curie，devoting to science，was a great woman.dev
41、otingdevoted9There are many cards for you to choose.choose 后加上 from10It worried the public was that Phelps should take drugs.ItWhat.写作句式升级训练As a member of the society，I realize that responsibility is the thing that it needs to make a better andmore harmonious society.(素材来源于 2014湖北短文写作)Being a member of the society，I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a betterand more harmonious society.(用 being.，aware 及 what 从句改写句子)