1、阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “NO”It is not what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that
2、 knowing how to use the power is important to a carpenter (木匠)You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate (调查)，how to discover information，is important to everyone.The scientist，however，goes one step further，he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that hi
3、s answer can be confirmed (确认) by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientists knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditio
4、ns permit.What works under one set of conditions sometimes must work under the same conditions at other times.If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are impor
5、tant in science.Albert Einstein，who developed the theory of relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations.Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are us
6、ed to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.1What makes a scientist according to the passage?AThe tools he uses.BHis ways of learning.CThe ways he uses his tools.DThe different tools.解析：细节理解题。由第一段“It is not what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses these tools th
7、at makes him a scientist.”可知。答案：C2What can we learn from the passage?AThe scientists knowledge is always right under all conditions.BWhen the condition changes，the result of the observation may also change.CCondition makes no difference to scientists.DTheres no point for ordinary people knowing how
8、to investigate.解析：细节理解题。由第二段“If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes in the conditions.”可知。答案：B3“The scientist，however，goes one step further，.”the author says this to show _.Athe importance of informationBthe importa
9、nce of thinkingCthe difference between scientists and ordinary peopleDthe difference between carpenters and people with other jobs解析：句意理解题。上文提到了如何调查，如何发现信息对每个人来说都很重要，下文用however引起转折，说明科学家们应该更进一步，他必须确保问题有合理的答案。故此处的the scientist，however，goes one step further，.用来说明科学家和普通人的不同之处。答案：C4A scientific theory s
10、hould be one that_.Anot only works under one set of conditions sometimes，but also works under the same conditions at other timesBleaves no room for improvementCdoes not allow any change even under different conditionsDcan be used for many purposes解析：细节理解题。由“What works under one set of conditions som
11、etimes must work under the same conditions at other times.”可知答案。答案：A5What is the main idea of the passage?AScientists are different from ordinary people.BThe theory of relativity.CExactness is the center of science.DExactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.解析：主旨大意题。
12、本文第一句“What makes a person a scientist？”提出了文章的主题，第一段论述“how a scientist uses these tools makes him a scientist”，第二段论述“The scientists knowledge must be exact”，故D正确。其余各项只是文章中的细节。答案：D。2016高考英语二轮：（寒假）阅读理解训练（8）及答案AWe were moving to a new state after my husband had been out of work for many months and we ha
13、d no money. In fact, we had to borrow money to reach our destination town. Anyway, it was my husband, two boys aged four and two, and myself, seven months pregnant (怀孕), in an old Volvo station wagon. We had been driving for two days in the middle of winter (that cars heater didnt work), and we had
14、taken a route that was very desolate. There was nothing around for milesno cars, buildings or signs of civilization. Suddenly, our car started losing power and the gauges(汽油表) went all out of order. We saw a light in the distance and managed to roll to a stop in front of this property that looked li
15、ke a small simple house. Our cell phones had not gotten reception for many miles, and it was freezing outside, so I didnt know if we were going to make it out of this situation alive. My husband got out of the car to see if there was something he could do to get us rolling again, but it was not look
16、ing good. A short while later, a man came out of the house and spoke with my husband a bit before inviting us all into his home. He and his wife took us in, fed us, and made us feel at home as we struggled to find some way to get to our destination, which was still a few hours drive away. We were ab
17、le to call a friend and get a ride, leaving our broken car behind, but not before the couple gave us food and water for our journey. One week later, this dear sweet couple pulled our car all the way to our place and refused to take anything in return, except for us to pay it forwardand we have, and
18、will continue to do it forever.1. We can learn from the text that the family_.A. had a hopeless future B. was in financial difficultyC. suffered from a company crash D. wanted to turn to their relatives for help2. The underlined word “ desolate” probably mean_.A. deserted B. advanced C. smooth D. mu
19、ddy3. Knowing that the wagon had broken down, the author_.A. called her friend several miles away for helpB. stopped the car in front of a simple service stationC. was afraid that they couldnt overcome the difficultyD. encouraged her husband and children to be confident4. We can learn from the text
20、that the family_.A. got out of their financial difficultyB. met with more troubles after thatC. came back to thank the couple who had helped themD. followed the couples example in return for their help1-4 BACD BElectric cars are dirtyIn fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty th
21、an their gasoline-powered cousinsPeople in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles,” but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes fromPower plants mostly use fire to make itAside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get
22、our electricity from generators（发电机）Generators are fueled by something usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plantsThere are a few wind farms and geothermal（地热的）plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning somethingIn other words, those “zero-emissions” ca
23、rs are likely coal-burning carsIts just because the coal is burned somewhere else , so it looks cleanIt is notIts as if the California greens are covering their eyes“If I cant see it, its not happening.” Gasoline is an unbelievably efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energ
24、y in itBut when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heatat the generator, through the transmission lines, etcA gallon of gas may propel your car 25 milesBut the electricity you get from that gallon
25、 of gas wont get you nearly as far so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered onesIf our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be cleanBut for political, technical, and economic reasons, we dont use much of those energy
26、 sourcesIn addition, electric cars batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill（垃圾）and finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roadsWhen its a power plant, though, all the junk is in one placeNature is very good at cleaning u
27、p when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric cars are not clean at allB. Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered onesC. People have doubts about electric cars batteriesD. Gasoline is an
28、 effective way to power a vehicle6. The underlined words “ be clueless” mean_A. know nothing B. have confidence C. feel excited D. be pleased7. The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run _A. not less than 25 miles B. as far as 50 milesC. as far as 25 miles D. not more than 25 m
29、iles8. According to the passage, electric cars_A. are more environmentally friendly B. burn more fuel than gas-powered onesC. are very good at cleaning upD. are poisonous for a long time参考答案5-8 AADB CSuleman DawoodSchool of Business Become a part of the community dedicated to excellence and knowledg
30、e creation. Lahore University of Management Science is a premier institution known for its academy excellence. It offers a diverse range of undergraduate, graduate and doctoral programs in the areas of management, computer science, computer engineering, economics, law and social science. Suleman Daw
31、ood School of Business (SDSB) of the University is recognized as one of the most prestigious (有声望的) business schools in the region. SDSB offers programs at the graduate (MBA, EMBA) and the undergraduate (BSc Accounting and Finance) levels and also offers executive education(执行教育). The school is now
32、ready to launch a world-class PhD programme. Faculty (全体员工)Positions With a record major sponsorship, SDSB is embarking on (着手) a major expansion and is looking for highly competent faculty members committed to student development and research. Both permanent and visiting faculty positions are avail
33、able at the Professor, Associate Professor and Assistant Professor levels. Candidates with a PhD from a reputed university and a track record of academic excellence will be preferred. Subject AreasAccounting Information Systems and E-business Finance Strategy Markegy Marketing Supply Chain Managemen
34、t Production and Operations Why Join LUMS Opportunity for professional growth and development State-of-the-art teaching and research facilities Connections with other centers of academic excellence abroad Opportunity to help shape the future of education and research in the region High quality stude
35、nt intake An institute committed to merit and excellence Faculty recruited（征募) from the finest universities of the world Culture of openness Competitive remuneration (报酬) package Excellence on-campus housing facilities for faculty members Applicants should forward their letter of interest and detail
36、ed curriculum vitae (个人简历) with a passport size photograph to the following address;Convenor, SDSB Faculty Search Committee Suleman Dawood School of Business Lahore University of Management Science, Opposite Sector U, D.H.A. Lahore, Pakistan Email: sdsbfacultyiobslums.edu.pk URL： www. lums. edu. pk
37、9. From the text, we can learn that_ . A. SDSB is known for its academic excellence B. SDSB is one of the schools in LUMS C. LUMS is one of the most famous business schools in the region D. SDSB offers a diverse range of programs in the areas of management 10. Why does SDSB need faculty members? A.
38、The school needs permanent and visiting faculty positions B. The faculty is recruited from the finest universities of the world C. The school needs state-of-the-art teaching and research facilities D. The school is making an expansion thanks to some major sponsorship 11. If you joined LUMS, you woul
39、d_ A. study Supply Chain Management B. have high quality teacher intake C. have the opportunity for professional growth and development D. get a PhD from a reputed university 参考答案9-11 BDC DFrom bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a global rece
40、ssion(衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut. Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at
41、 a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more loyal and devoted group. In the Confucian mindset(儒家思想), the right thing to do is to shar
42、e the burden, which is the sense of collective responsibility. While in the West, its more about individual survival, said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU). In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sa
43、chs plan to lay off workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups, job cuts will probably be less severe. Japans jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kongs was flat at 3.4 percent. But US une
44、mployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January. Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best prac
45、tices of rivals(对手) from abroad.12. The underlined word prospect in the first paragraph most probably means _.A. future B. scene C. weather D. place13. Compared with job cuts, pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT that _.A. its helpful to the economy recoveryB. it can form a team working
46、harder and more loyallyC. it will keep the experienced and skilled workersD. it costs the company less money to survive14. According to Michael Benoliel, the Confucian mindset focuses on _. A. human rights B. personal profits C. sharing responsibility D. individual survival15. The passage mainly tel
47、ls us _.A. the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with todayB. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global recessionC. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturnD. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present参考答案12-15 ADCB
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