1、题型组合课时练(十二).阅读理解 【导学号：47562191】The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the Journal Nature.David Tilman，a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota，America，examined information from 100 countri
2、es to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in sugar，fat，oil and
3、meat.By eating these foods，people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for noninfectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病)and heart disease.Unfortunately when people become industrialized，if they adopt this Western diet，they are going to have these health
4、problems，especially in developing countries in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20year period.And that is happening all across the world，in Mexico，in Nigeria a
5、nd so on.And，a diet bad for human beings，is also bad for the environment.As the worlds population grows，more forests and tropical(热带的)areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all fo
6、rms of transportation right now.Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health，“a trilemma”a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.【语篇解读】自然杂志上一篇新的报告表示，西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响，人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。1According to the passage
7、，more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from AtransportationBdeveloping countriesCagricultureDdeveloped countries【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.”可知，未来更多的温室气体排放
8、可能来自于农业，故选择C项。【答案】C2David Tilman believes that Athe diet，the environment and human health are closely connectedBthe Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializesCpeople in tropical areas are more likely to have heart diseaseDtraditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet【解析
9、】推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health.a difficult choice.”可知，Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的，故选择A项。【答案】A3We can infer from the passage that ANigeria has the largest number of diabetes casesBoverweight people are at higher risk o
10、f infectious diseasesCthe examined information comes from developing countriesDindustrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the W
11、estern diet.”可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播，故D项正确。【答案】D4The main purpose of the passage is to Acall on us to protect the environmentBwarn us of the danger of the Western dietCremind us of the importance of healthDadvise us to have a balanced diet【解析】写作意图题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该
12、文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。【答案】B.完形填空 【导学号：47562192】If life were a book and you were the author，how would you like the story to go？That is the question that 1 my life forever.One day I went home from the training of snowboarding with what I thought was the flu，and less than 24 hours later，I was in a 2 on life
13、support with less than two percent 3 of living.It wasnt until days later that the doctors diagnosed me with a 4 blood infection.Over the 5 of 2.5 months，I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee. When my parents 6 me out of the hospital，I 7 that I had been put together like a
14、 patchwork (拼缝物) doll and I had to live with 8 legs.I was absolutely physically and emotionally broken， 9 streaming down.But I knew in order to move forward，I had to let go of the Old Amy and 10 the New Amy.It was at this moment that I asked myself that significant 11 And that is when it 12 me that
15、I didnt have to be fivefootfive anymore， 13 I could be as tall as I wanted.And 14 of all，I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.So there were 15 here.Four months later，I was back upon a 16 And this February，I won two Board World Cup gold medals， 17 me the highest ranked snowboarder in the worl
16、d.So，instead of looking at our 18 and our limitations as something 19 or bad，we can begin looking at them as a wonderful 20 that can be used to help us go further than we ever know we could go.【语篇解读】本文作者用自己的故事讲述了一个人生哲理人生不设限，即使身体残缺也能绽放迷人的光芒。1A.savedBriskedCruinedDchangedD通读全文可知，因为勇于面对生活，作者才从失去听力和双腿的困
17、境中走出来，故选changed。2A.hospitalBclubCfieldDstadiumA下文的“the doctors diagnosed me with”表明作者住进了医院。3A.thoughtBdegreeCchanceDdecisionC根据本句中的“less than two percent”和“of living”可推测出作者的病情严重，生还的可能性小于2%。4A.mildBsevereCpotentialDslightB生还的可能性小于2%暗示着作者的病情严重，severe表示“严重的”。5A.journeyBbreakCcourseDscheduleC根据下文的“When
18、my parents me out of the hospital”可知，在住院期间作者的左耳失去听力，course表示“过程，时期”。6A.wheeledBdraggedCpulledDdeliveredA上文的“I lost.my legs below the knee”暗示着出院时，作者的父母要用轮椅推着她。7A.made sureBfelt likeCworked outDput forwardB“that I had been put together like a patchwork(拼缝物) doll”是作者形象的比喻，feel like表示“感觉好像”。8A.muscledBh
19、eavyCshapelyDfalseD由上文的“I lost.both my legs below the knee”可知，作者今后的生活要用假肢，false表示“假的，人造的”。9A.bloodBsweatCtearsDwaterC一场大病使作者成为残疾人，她感到绝望，故泪流满面。10A.hugBrecognizeCfixDintroduceA与本句中的“I had to let go of the Old Amy”形成对比，此处指抛弃曾经的Amy，拥抱新的Amy。11A.planBquestionCinformationDfavorB文章第一段中的“That is the question
20、 that my life forever”是提示。12A.dawned onBknocked intoCdepended onDlooked intoA作者开始明白自己再也不是那个5.5英尺高的人了。It dawns on sb.that.表示“某人开始明白”。13A.althoughBsoCwhileDbutD分析上下文可知，空处表转折，选but。while表转折时，意为“然而”，是两个事物的对比，故排除while。14A.firstBstrangestCbestDluckiestC更好的一点是作者可以随意选择鞋子的尺码。best of all表示“更好的是”。15A.strugglesB
21、benefitsCrewardsDconflictsB由上文可知，作者用乐观的心态讲述失去双脚的好处，故选benefits。16A.stageBsnowboardCtrackDplaygroundB第二段开头提到的“the training of snowboarding”与下文的“the highest ranked snowboarder”表明，作者又回到了滑雪训练场上。17A.allowingBgivingCcallingDmakingD依据“I won two Board World Cup gold medals”可知，两次赢得金牌使作者成为世界排名最前的滑雪运动员。make sb.
22、 sth.表示“使成为”。18A.challengesBachievementsCdevotionsDhesitationsA上文表明作者遇到困境并结合下文的limitations可知，选challenges。19A.activeBamazingCnegativeDterminalC句中的or bad表明该空的词是一个负面的词，故选negative。20A.abilityBskillCtoolDgiftD我们应把困难看作上天赋予的礼物，用这份礼物帮助我们走得更远。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Dear friends，Water is ess
23、ential for life.Yet millions of people around the world face water shortages.Millions of children die every year from waterborne 1. (disease)And drought regularly causes suffering in some of the worlds poorest countries.The world needs to respond much better.We need to increase water efficiency，2. (
24、especial)in agriculture.We need to free women and girls 3. the daily chores of 4. (carry)water，often over great distances.We must involve them in decisionmaking on water management.We need to make sanitation a priority.This is where progress is lagging(落后)most.And we must show that water resources n
25、eed not be a source of conflict.Instead，they can be a catalyst(催化剂)for cooperation.Significant gains have been made.But still a major effort 5. (require)That is why this year 6. (mark) the beginning of the “Water for Life Decade”Our goal is 7. (meet)the internationally agreed targets for water and s
26、anitation by 2015，8. to build the foundation for further progress in the years beyond.This is 9. urgent matter of human development and human dignity.Together，we can provide safe，clean water to all the worlds people.The worlds water resources are our lifeline for 10. (survive)，and for continuous imp
27、rovement in the 21st century.Together，we must manage them better.【语篇解读】水对于生命来说是必不可少的。每年有许多儿童死于由水传播的疾病，如何让整个人类和谐共享优质的水，作者给出了建议并发出了号召。1disease(s)考查名词的数。disease既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故此处应填disease或diseases。2especially考查副词。此处修饰空后的介词短语，因此应该用副词形式。3from考查介词。根据固定搭配free sb.from.“使某人摆脱”可知，此处应填介词from。4carrying考查非谓语动词。
28、介词后面应该用动名词，所以填carrying。5is required考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据整篇文章的时态及still的提示可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于句子的主语与require之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，主语为“a major effort”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态is required。6marks考查时态及主谓一致。根据本句中的is可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于主语是this year，为单数，因此应填marks。7to meet考查非谓语动词。此处与8空后的不定式是并列关系，都作is的表语，因此此处应填不定式to meet。8and考查连词。此处应用and连接两个并列的非谓语动词。9an考查冠词。这是人类发展与人类尊严的一件紧迫之事。此处表示泛指“一件”，因此用不定冠词an。10survival考查名词。世界水资源是我们生存的生命线。介词for后面应用提示词的名词形式作其宾语。