2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练题必修1U4及答案.doc

1、2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练题必修1U4及答案*阅读理解。Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains.Researchers at Queen Mary University of Lond

2、on said the experiments, often used to test the intelligence of apes (猿) and birds, showed for the first time that some insects are up to the task, and can also pass skills on through several generations.The findings add to the evidence suggesting the ability for culture spread the ability to learn

3、and pass on knowledge and skills may not be exclusive to humans.In the research, published in the journal PLOS Biology on Tuesday, the scientists were able to train 23 out of a group of 40 bees to pull strings with their legs and feet.The strings were attached to discs or artificial flowers containi

4、ng food at their center but placed under a transparent screen. The bees, spotting the food beneath the screen, learned to pull the flowers out by pulling the string with their legs and feet to be able to get to it.From another group of bees given the chance to solve the task without any training, on

5、ly two of 110 were successful.Another group of bees was then allowed to observe the trained bees pulling the strings, and 60 percent of them successfully learned the skill. Finally, trained bees were put in colonies, and the scientists found the technique spread successfully to a majority of the col

6、onys worker bees.Lars Chittka, a Queen Mary University professor who guided the project, said the team is interested in figuring out the brain processes behind the bees learning and teaching skills.1.What does the underlined word exclusive in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ordinary. B. Unique. C. Bene

7、ficial. D. Widespread.2.What did the researchers find about bees?A. Bees learn best in insects.B. Bees are as clever as birds.C. Bees are born good learners.D. Bees can be trained to learn skills.3.What may the research team focus on next?A. What else bees can do. B. Where bees learn skills.C. How b

8、ees teach others. D. How bees brain work.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Small bees, great abilities B. Bees can learn and teachC. Bees are smarter D. Let bees learn【文章大意】本文为说明文，属于科普类文章。介绍了大黄蜂有学习能力，还会传播自己学到的知识。1.B 【解析】猜测词义题。依据第二段可知，大黄蜂也具有学习并传播所学知识的能力，结合第三段本句话可知，这种能力并非人类独有的，故选B项。2.D 【解析】

9、细节理解题。根据第三、四、五、六、七段可知，蜜蜂可以被训练学习技能。D项正确。4.B 【解析】主旨大意题。综合全文尤其第一段可知，文章主要介绍一项科学发现，大黄蜂也可以学习并传播所学技能，故选B项。*单句语法填空1I _ (trap) in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.答案：was trappedbe trapped in “被困在”。2After she heard the news, there was an excited _ (express) on her face.答案：expression由空前的“an excite

10、d”可知，应填名词 expression “表情”。3When a fire broke out at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings _ (destroy)答案：were destroyed动词destroy “毁灭；毁掉”，此处表被动，且指过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。4The meeting came to _ end and he set down many key points.答案：ancome to an end “结束”。5Dont forget to prai

11、se them _ (sincere) when someone does something good.答案：sincerely副词 sincerely “真诚地”，在此处修饰动词praise。6He was replaced by another midfielder because of his _ (injure)答案：injury由空前的his可知，应填名词injury “受伤；伤害”。7Thank you for your letter conveying _ (congratulate) on my appointment.答案：congratulations由空前的现在分词co

12、nveying可知，应填名词。congratulation “祝贺”，且常用复数形式。8The news of the sudden death of the young famous pianist came this morning, which made his fans _ (shock)答案：shocked此处形容词shocked “感到震惊的”作宾语补足语。9The government thinks _ (high) of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.答案：highlythink highly o

13、f “高度评价”，是固定搭配。10In a hurry, we arrived at a cabin in the mountain to shelter _ the rain.答案：fromshelter from the rain “躲雨”。*完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。(2019湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试) I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man _1_ his son to fly a kite.After a few minut

14、es，the child _2_ drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飞)With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears _3_.The father realizes that _4_ hell have to loosen the tie that binds(绑)him to his son.And he _5_ ，“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？”Many years later my son，Gar

15、y，_6_ he wouldnt finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any _7_.At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.Gary managed to find a_8_ at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，_9_ ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professors _10_

16、 doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to _11_ him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years youll be at your high school reunion with_12_ classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think youll be able to_13_ that？”“Yes，Dad，”he replied without _14_.Then he fixed

17、his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？”Shame suddenly _15_ me.I wasnt thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasnt Garys pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my _16_ and the question it asks“Will I release the _17_ as

18、 unselfishly as that？”At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was _18_ enough to make his own choices.Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very _19_ of who he has become._20_ I let go of my pride，Ive been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar.1A.orders BinstructsCad

19、vises Dallows2A.suddenly BactuallyCproperly Dsadly3A.in a row Bin a wayCin no time Din the distance4A.abruptly BeventuallyCabsolutely Dapparently5A.responds BguessesCwonders Dhesitates6A.believed BexplainedCregretted Dannounced7A.progress BdecisionCeffort Ddifference8A.ball BjobCkite Dtoy9A.therefor

20、e BbesidesChowever Dotherwise10A.daughter BnephewCson Dcousin11A.support BacceptCcontrol Dpersuade12A.honest BordinaryClatter Dformer13A.prevent BforgetChandle Dadmit14A.hesitation BcommitmentCpermission Dcomment15A.deserted BsilencedCignored Dangered16A.essay BarticleCpoem Dpassage17A.secret Bstrin

21、gCdog Dnews18A.old BhonestClucky Dcute19A.guilty BtiredCafraid Dproud20A.Since BWhenCAlthough DUnless【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。【核心词汇】release v释放，放开semester n学期enthusiasm n热情reunion n团聚1B根据语境可推知，一个男人在教儿子放风筝。instruct“教授”。故选B。2A根据下文可知，诗篇中的儿子突然(suddenly)把线松开，让风筝高飞。3D与语境“disappears”呼应可推知，风筝消失在远方(in

22、the distance)。4B这个男人意识到最终(eventually)他必须对儿子放手。5C结合语境可推知，诗篇中的父亲有疑问，想知道自己将来会不会无私地“松开线”。wonder“想知道”。6D根据语境可推知，作者的儿子宣布他将不会完成大学学业。7D根据下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home”可知，作者的劝说毫无作用。make a difference意为“有作用”。8B根据下文的“What was a college professors _10_ doing at a job”可知，作者的儿子找到了一份工作。9C根据上文的

23、“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。10C根据上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子关系。11D根据作者下文所说的话和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想劝说儿子放弃那份工作，因为作者感到很失望。persuade“劝说”。12D根据“reunion”可知，此处是和以前的高中同学团聚。former “以前的”。13C根据语境可知，作者认为儿子的工作一个高中辍学者都可以做，而他的同学们则成了医生、律师和工程师，作者问儿子能否应对这种情况。handle“应付，处理”。14A作者的儿子很坚定地回答，没有

24、丝毫犹豫，与语境“Yes，Dad，”呼应。15B根据上文可知，儿子的话让作者沉默了。16C根据上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己写的那首诗。17B根据上文的“Will I release the string as unselfishly us that”可知，此处表示要放开风筝上的线。18A根据空后的“make his own choices”可推知，儿子已经长大，可以自己做决定了。19D根据上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city”可推

25、知，父亲看到儿子的成功，自然是为之自豪。20A根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系。since“因为，既然”。*单句改错1The stone was so heavy for him to move, so he called his friends to help._答案：第一个sotootoo . to do “太而不能”。2The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the book in her hands._答案：buriedburying此处burying是现在分词作伴随状语。3Judged

26、from his appearance, he seems to be rich._答案：JudgedJudgingjudging from . “由来判断”。4I think there are the number of opportunities to get more energy._答案：theaa number of opportunities “许多机会”。5The news that Donald Trump was elected President of the USA made the whole world extreme shocked._答案：extremeextremelyextremely副词“极其，非常”，此处修饰形容词shocked。