1、中考英语语法专项复习：词类名词Noun(n.)：表示人或事物的名称。如：boy / pencil / book冠词Article(art.)：用在名称前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。如：a(an) / the代词Pronoun(pron.)：用来代替名词、形容词或数词。如：we / that / his / what形容词Adjective(adj.)：用以修饰名词、表示人或事物特征。如：old / red / fine 数词Numeral(num.)：表示数量或顺序。如：one / thirteen / first 动词Verb(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：look / go / be (am
2、 / is / are )副词Adverb(adv.)：用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。如：not / too / here / often介词Preposition(prep)：表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。如：in / on / of / to / under 连词Conjunction(conj.)：用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。如：and / or / but 感叹词Interjection(interj.)：表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。如：oh /hello / hi一 名词Noun(n.)名词表示人或事物的名称.一 名词的分类 专有名词：John / China普通名
3、词：可数名词 个体名词：book / table / horse 集体名词：family / class / police不可数名词 物质名词water / rice / snow 抽象名词：health / knowledge / love 专有名词: 表示具体的人、物、地点、节日等，通常由一个名词或一个词组构成:Jenny / Hong Kong / Christmas Day首字母要大写，但专有名词中的虚词（冠词、介词）的第一个字母不用大写:the Great Wall 二 可数名词（可以用数来计量）的复数 规则变化 一般直接加-s .如：boy boys cup cups 以-s,-x
4、,-ch,-sh,结尾加-es, 如：watch watches box boxes 以“辅音字母+y ”结尾变y为i再加-es.如：story stories baby babies 以f,fe结尾变f,fe为ves .如：knife knives wife wives thief thieves leaf leaves scarf scarves life lives half halves roof roofs 以o 结尾 加-s 如：radio radios photo photos piano pianos zoo zoos 加-es 如：hero heroes potato pot
5、atoes tomato tomatoes 英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。 不规则变化 单复数同形：sheep sheep fish fish Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese deer deer yuan yuan dollar dollars 只有复数形式：clothes glasses chopsticks goods trousers pants shorts 特殊变化：child children foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice man men woman women toothbrush toothbrushes 复合名
6、词的复数形式：a. 当有man和woman时，前后两部分都变成复数形式a man doctor two men doctors a woman teacher three women teachersb. 其他只变最后一个名词为复数形式 an apple tree lots of apple trees beef and tomato noodles三 不可数名词（不可以用数来计量）的计量 可数名词表示具体的数量，可以直接用数词来修饰：two apples ten persons 不可数名词必须与表示数量的名词连用，构成：数词+量词+of+不可数名词a piece of bread two c
7、ups of coffee three glasses of milk four boxes of chalk five bags of rice six drops of water seven pieces of news eight pairs of glasses 四 名词所有格:表示名词之间的所有关系，连接两个名词两种形式：s所有格Beijing is Chinas capital. of所有格Beijing is the capital of China. 有生命名词所有格：一般加-s. Toms desk Childrens Day 以s结尾的复数名词只加 teachers of
8、fice students books 如果一样东西为两人共同所有，则在最后一个名词上加-s（共有）This is Mary and Lilys room . / He is Tom and Tims father . 如果表示各自所有，则两个名词词尾分别加-s（分别有）These are Marys and Lilys rooms./These are Toms and Tims books . 无生命名词所有格 : 名词+of+名词 the map of China / the door of the room 双重所有格of +名词所有格：He is friend of my broth
9、ers . of+名词性物主代词：This is a book of mine .五 可数名词与不可数名词的修饰词修饰可数名词：many / a few / few (There are many trees .)修饰不可数名词：much / a little / little (We have much homework to do .)共有的：some / any / a lot of / lots of /plenty of提问：可数名词How many bananas do you need ? 不可数名词How much yogurt do you need ? 不可数名词没有复数形
10、式，不能用a,an修饰，也不能用many,few,several等修饰。不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数。如：The honey is very sweet . 有些名词需要用复数形式作定语。a clothes shop sports meeting glasses store 名词的句法功能作主语：Math is my favorite subject .作宾语：I bought a computer last year . 作表语：He is a clever student . 作宾补：We call him Uncle Wang . 作定语：Therere some apple trees
11、 over there . 作状语：I go to school every day .作呼语：Hello ,boys and girls . 练习一 用所给词的正确形式填空。1. We want to go to the _ (great wall) .2. How many _ (chicken) are there under the tree ?3. He likes _ (chicken) very much , Its very nice .4. There are two _ (mouse) in the cage .5. The doctor saved their _ (li
12、fe) .6. The child has two _ (tooth) .7. I have some good _ (news) for you .8. There is a group of _ (fish) in the water .9. These are _ (German) .10. She has many _ (girl friend) .11. We want to have some _ (man teacher) in our school .12. Please give me some _ (advice) .13. I have a lot of _ (money
13、) .14. We want two _ (cup) of _ (tea) .15. These are _ (children) clothes .16. This room is _ (my brother and I) .17. These books are _ (Kate and her sister) .18. I have a cold I have to go to the _ (doctor) .19. Is this Toms coat or _ (Bob) ?20. There will be a _ (sport) meeting next week .21. Ther
14、e is some _ (meat)on the table .22. Today is _（woman）Day .23. There are many _ (visit) to come to my hometown every year .24. We want to do some _ (shop) on Sunday .25. Walking is good for our _ (healthy) .26. He is a famous _ (music) .27. The boy is in _ (dangerous) .28. You can see many _ (leaf) o
15、n the ground in autumn .29. Who is the _ (win) of the game .30. There are _ (hundred) of people there .二 单项选择1.Sheep _ white and milk _ also white .A. is ; are B. are ; s C. are ; are2. How wonderful ! The _ is made of _ .A. house ; glass B. house ; glasses C. houses ; glass3. _ are made of _ .A. Gl
16、ass ; glasses B. Glasses ; glasses C. Glasses ; glass4. _ room is next to their parents .A. Kate and Joan B. Kates and Joans C. Kate and Joans5. There are few _ in the fridge , Lets go and buy some peas , carrots and cabbages .A. vegetables B. meat C. fruit6.Yangpu Bridge is one of _ in the world .A
17、. the biggest bridge B. the biggest bridges C. bigger bridges 7. Look ! There are some _ on the floor .A . water B . child C. boxes8. Im hungry, Please give me _.A. a piece of bread B. two pieces of breads C. some breads9. Jack bought a _ in a shoe shop yesterday.A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoes C
18、. pair of shoe10. I meet some _ in the park and talked with them the other day . A. Japaneses B. Americans C. Chineses11. I have three pen pal, One is _, the other two are _ .A. Japanese; America B. Canada; America C. English; Frenchmen12. Both Tom and Jim are _.A. men teachers B. men teacher C. man
19、 teachers 13. He spent _ doing the whole thing. A. one and two days B. one or two days C. one day and two14. _ live at 78 Fenghuang Street.A. White B. The Whites C . The White 15. Please pass me _.A. two piece of paper B. two pieces of paper C. two pieces of papers16. In autumn _ turn yellow.A. leaf
20、 and grass B. leaves and grasses C. leaves and grass17. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day.A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany18. Young people should make _ for old people on the bus.A .room B. rooms C. the room 19. The football under the bed is _.A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily and Lucys C. Lilys
21、and Lucys 20. Your shoes are worn out, Youd better buy a new _ .A. new B. pair C .shoes21. Im not feeling well now, Ive had_.A. cold B. a headache C .the headache22. Youd better do morning _ every day , Its good to have lots of _ .A. exercise; exercise B. exercises ; exercise C. exercises ; exercise
22、s23. More than _ lived there two _ ago.A. hundred of people; hundreds years B. hundreds of people; hundred years C. hundreds of people; hundreds years24. Toms handwriting is better than any other _ in his class .A .students B . students C .students25. The hospital is a bit far from here, Its about _
23、 .A. forty minutes walk B. forty minutes walk C. forty minutes walk26. How much are the _?A. meat B. apple C .apples27. Jim went to a _ to buy a pair of shoes.A. shoes stores B. shoes store C. shoe store28. This is not my book, but my _.A. brothers B .brother C. brothers29. We need two teaspoon of _
24、.A. honeys B .yogurt C. milks30.Its about _ walk from my house to school .A. ten minutes B. ten minutes C. ten minutes 31. The old man is lonely, He made a _ by selling newspapers.A. living B. life C. live32. Can you give me _ on how to learn English well? A. a good advice B .some advice C .any advi
25、ces33. Take _! The car nearly hit you.A. careful B. care C. carefully34. September 10th is _ in China.A. Teachers Day B. Teachers Day C. Teachers Day 35. Id like to drink _ .A. beers B. some wine C. sugar 二 冠词Article(art.)冠词是一种虚词，放于名词前，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独使用，在句中不重读。冠词分不定冠词a/an和定冠词the两种。一 不定冠词及用法a/an 是不定
26、冠词，a用在以辅音开头的单词前: a boy a road an用在以元音开头的单词前: an hour an old man 泛指某一类的人或物。如：A panda is very lovely .熊猫很可爱。 . 第一次提到某人或某物时。如：I have a book .我有一本书。表示一这个数量，没有one强烈。如：I have a month, a nose and two eyes . 我有一张嘴、一个鼻子和两只眼睛。用于某些固定词组中。如：a few 有一些 / a little 一点儿/ a lot of 许多/ have a good time玩得开心 二 定冠词the的用法特
27、指某人或某物。如：The man in the car is Mr. Smith .车里的人是史密斯先生。指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：Open the door , please .请打开窗户。指上文已经提到过的人或物。如: She has a son , the son works in Beijing .她有一个儿子，他在北京工作。用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：The sun is bigger than the earth .太阳比地球大。用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：the first lesson 第一课 / the tallest girl 最高的女孩用在普通名词构成的专有名
28、词前。如：the Great Wall 长城 / the Yellow River黄河/ the Summer Palace 颐和园 / the United States美国用在姓的复数形式前表示“一家人”。如：the Smiths are going to Qingdao for a vacation .史密斯一家打算去青岛度假。用于形容词前表示一类人或事物。如：the rich有钱人 / the poor 穷人/ the old 老年人/ the young 年轻人/ the blind盲人 用在乐器名词前。如：Can you play the guitar ?你会弹吉他吗？用在一些习惯
29、语中。如：in the morning在上午/ on the left 在左边 / by the way顺便说一下/ all the year round一整年/ in the open air在户外/ at the same time同时/ all the time一直/ in the end最后；终于/ the day after tomorrow后天/ in the future在将来三 不用冠词的情况在英语中，不用冠词的现象称作零冠词。 如果名词前已经有指示代词（this / that / these / those）、形容词性物主代词（my / his / our ）或名词所有格等限
30、定词，不用冠词。如：A. This is my pen . 这是我的笔。B. Do you like that coat ?你喜欢那件外套吗？C. These are Roses books .这些事罗斯的书。 表示语言、学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前，不用冠词。如：语言：Chinese / English / French / Russian / Japanese 学科：maths / history / biology / geography 三餐：breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner球类：football / basketball / tenni
31、s / baseball 棋类：chess /Chinese chess 表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前不用冠词。如：星期：Sunday / Monday / Tuesday 月份：January / February / March 季节：spring / summer / autumn / winter节日：Teachers Day / Childrens Day 表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等的专有名词前不用冠词。如：A. Lucy is a nice girl .露西是一个还女孩。B. Captain Cook is very popular .库克船长很受欢迎。 以下国家名称前用
32、the：the United States / the U. S. / The U. S. A.美国 the United Kingdom / the U. K.英国某些固定词组中不用冠词。如：at home在家 / by train 乘火车/ go to school 去上学/on time准时 / day and night 日日夜夜/ at first 起初/ at work 在工作/ go to bed上床睡觉/ on foot步行四 以元音音素开头的字母：Aa / Ee / Ff / Hh / Ii / Ll / Mm / Nn / Oo / Ss / Xx (11个)五 初中阶段以
33、元音音素开头的单词（短语）an apple an orange an hour an elephant an egg an umbrella an eraser an aunt an unclean animal an actor an artist an island an onion an ID card an unusual man an eleven boyan old man an action movie an amusement park an interesting story an English bookan eight-year-old boy an honest boy
34、 an exam an exciting job an Ice and Snow Festival an award an organization an ad an example a useful book 特别提示：有些短语用定冠词与不用定冠词意义不同。in front of 在前面外部 at table就餐 in bed躺在床上in the front of 在前部内部 at the table坐在桌子旁边 in the bed在床上on horse骑着马 on earth究竟 on shore 在岸上on the horse在马背上 on the earth在地球上 on the s
35、hore 在岸边练习一用a , an , the填空，不需要填的用“/”表示。1. There is _ book on the desk. _ book is mine .2. There are seven days in _ week.3. _ more careful you are, _ better you will do.4. _ milk is good for our health.5. He often goes to his school on _foot.6. Shanghai is _ biggest city of China.7. December 25th is
36、 _ Christmas Day.8. Children neednt go to _ school on _ Sunday .9. We always have _ rice for _ lunch.10. Do you need _ umbrella?11. Are you all in _ same school?12. There is _ “ h ” and _ “ o ” in the word “ hour ” .13. I heard somebody playing _ piano in _ next room.14. We should be kind to _ old.1
37、5. They are going to have _ supper with _ Browns tonight.16. That evening _ Browns had _ nice supper. 17. What _ important piece of news it is!18. _ horse is _ useful animal.19. Our teacher has _ 8-year-old daughter, She is very clever.20. I am reading _ novel, It is _ interesting story. 21. What _
38、nice day! Lets go out and have _ walk .22. I have _ cat and _ cat is black.23. It is very cold in _ winter.24. Some _ boys are playing football.25. _ boy is my brother.26. Your _ bag is dirty.27. Please open _ window.28. I prefer going by _ sea to going in _ train.29. Who is _ woman in _ car?30. She
39、 is always _ first to get to the classroom.31. I like playing _ basketball , but I dont like playing _ piano .32. I think English is _ useful subject. Do you think so?33. He had _ egg and _ glass of milk for _ breakfast.34. Who is _ boy ? - He is my _ best friend.35. Does Bob come from _U. S. or _ A
40、ustralia?36. Linda works in _ hospital. She says that Grandpa Zhang was in _ hospital.37. How do you go to work, by _ bus or on _ bike?二单项选择1. _ book on the desk is _ English book.A. The; an B. The; a C . A; the D . A; an2. Liu Hong studies in _ university in Beijing. She is _ honest girl .A .an; a
41、B. an; an C. a ; an D. a ; a3. In _ summer of 1994 she went to America to go on with her study .A. a B. / C. the D. an4. I often go to _ cinema with Tom . And we often have _ good time there .A. the ; a B. the ; / C. a ; a D. / ; /5. She wrote _ e-mail to me . so I knew that she bought _ MP4 yesterd
42、ay .A.a ; an B. an ; a C. an ; an D. a ; a 三 代词Pronoun(pron.)代词用来代替名词、形容词或数词。一 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词。人称代词 物主代词 反身代词主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性I me my mine myselfyou you your yours yourselfhe him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itselfwe us our ours ourselvesyou you your yours yourselvesthey them the
43、ir theirs themselves 用法 主格用来作主语: I like English . 宾格用来作宾语： She told me a story yesterday . 形容词性物主代词用来作定语，相当于一个形容词，放于名词前：my computer / our school 名词性物主代词起名词的作用：- Whose ruler is this ? - Its mine . ( mine = my ruler ) 反身代词作宾语，放于及物动词、介词之后：The girl is so old that she can look after herself . 反身代词作主语或宾语的
44、同位语起强调作用，可以放主语、宾语后，也可以放句末：I can do it myself . 人称代词并列使用时的顺序 巧学妙记：单数231，复数123，承担责任“我”在前。单数 顺序：第二、第三、第一人称 如：you and he / you and I / you , he and I 复数 顺序：第一、第二、第三人称 如：we and you / we and they / we , you and they 第三人称单数的顺序是：he and she 形容词性物主代词 + 名词 = 名词性物主代词 This isnt my dictionary , mine is over there
45、 . mine=my dictionary 常与反身代词连用的短语。 enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun (玩得开心、过得愉快) dress oneself (up) (自己穿衣服) hurt / cut oneself (伤了自己) learn by oneself = teach oneself (自学) say to oneself (自言自语) help oneself to sth (随便吃些)一用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空。1. My name is Jack , _ am thirteen . _ father is a do
46、ctor . _ is forty . _ hobby is reading books . _ mother is a teacher . _ often teaches _ English . I like _ .and _ like _ .2. Excuse me ! Is this bike _ ? -No , it isnt _ . Its Toms sisters , Its _ .3. I have a cat . _ name is Mimi . _ likes eating fish and meat .4. Are these books Jacks ? - Let _ s
47、ee . Oh , yes , they are _ .5. He taught _ English last year . We all like _ classes .二反身代词练习： Xiao Dong likes _ _ _ . The small girl is too young to _ _ . The children _ _ on Childrens Day . He _ French _ _ . = He _ _ French . _ _ _ some fish , Ann ! Be careful with that knife ,or you will _ _ .二 指
48、示代词单数 复数thisthesethatthose 指示代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，也可以代替形容词作定语。如：This is my pen . These are my pens .These students will go hiking . 打电话时常用this指代“我”，用that指代“你”。如：This is Mary speaking , Who is that ? (我是玛丽，你是谁？)三 疑问代词是用来引导特殊疑问句的，有who, whom(宾格),whose, what, which.其中who/whom只能指人，what/which指物。1. who / whom /
49、whosewho只能指人，如：Who is the young man ?whom指人，只能作宾语。如：Whom do you know ?Whose是who的所有格形式。如：Whose book is on the desk ?2. what / whichwhat一般指物。如：What are these ?which指人或物。如：Which do you like better , the red one or the blue one ? what 与who开头的疑问词都可以指人，what一般问人的职业，who一般问人的身份。如：-What is his father ? -Who i
50、s he ? -He is a policeman . He is my father . what 可用于询问姓名、职业、年龄、日期、星期、价格、时间、数量、爱好、运算结果等。如： Whats your name ? 你叫什么名字？ Whats the age of you ? = How old are you ? 你几岁了？ Whats your job ? = What do you do ? = W hat are you ? 你的职业是什么？ Whats your hobby ? 你的爱好是什么？ Whats the price of this computer ? = How m
51、uch is this computer ? 这台电脑多少钱？ What time is it ? = Whats the time ? 几点了？ Whats the population in China ? 中国有多少人口？ What day is it today ? 今天星期几？ / Whats the date ? 今天几号？ Whats your address ? 你的地址是什么？ Whats ten and two ? 10加2等于多少？一用适当的疑问代词填空。1- _ is the man? - He is my uncle.2. - _ does your father d
52、o? - Hes an engineer .3. - _ glasses are these? - I dont know .4. - _ did you do yesterday? - I watched T .5. With _ is your mother talking?四 不定代词some通常用于肯定句，但期望得到对方的肯定回答也用some。一些：修饰可数、不可数名词 如：Would you like some coffee? any用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。如：I dont have any ideas .都，全部：both指两个人或物 neitherall指三个以上的人或物
53、noneeither指两者中任何一个，作主语，谓语用单数形式。许多：many 修饰可数名词复数 much 修饰可数名词复数少：few a few 修饰可数名词 little a little修饰不可数名词 否定：很少 肯定：有几个，有一些每一：each强调“个别”，可以单独使用，可修饰单数名词或跟of结构，作主语、宾语和同位语。 every强调“整体”，可修饰单数名词，相当于汉语的“每个都”，只作定语。 one the other 一个另一个 some others 一些另一些 （另一些并不包括全部） some the others 一些其他的（其他的包括剩下的全部）another 再一，又一
54、 （表示不确定数目中的另一个），一般接单数名词。复合不定代词every- some-any-no- -thingeverything_-one _someone _no one-body_ 不定代词作主语，谓语用单数形式。如：Is anyone here ? 有人吗？ 不定代词 + adj . 如：I have something important to tell you .练习：一用所给的不定代词填空A . some / any1. I have _ good friends.2. There isnt _ drink in the fridge . I have to buy _ .3.
55、 May I ask you _ questions?4. Would you please pass me _ salt ? - Sorry , there isnt _ .5. _ students like listening to pop music.B. many / much 1. How _ did the bike cost you?2. How _ water do you need?3. Today I am busy. I have _ homework to do.4. You are getting fatter. You cant eat too _ meat .5
56、. There are _ people in the museum.C. few / a few / little / a little 1. Can you speak French ? - Yes, but just _ .2. There is _ milk in the bottle .Please get some for me.3. I think I will stay there for _ days.4. He looks sad, because he has _ friends here .5. There is _ honey in the glass, isnt t
57、here ?D. all / both / none / neither / either 1. -Which coat do you like better , the green one or the yellow one ? -Sorry, I like _ of them. I like blue.2. My parents are _ teachers .We are _ very busy.3. I have many books, but _ of them are about cooking.4. Which do you like best , tea , coffee or
58、 juice ? -_ . I like beer best.5. Whose answer is right , Toms or mine ? -Sorry, _ of them is right.6. There are many flowers on _ sides of the road.7. My father doesnt like pop music. My mother doesnt like it . _ .8. When can I meet you , on Monday or Tuesday ? - _ of them is OK . Im free .E. each
59、/ every 1. I must go to school _ day.2. _ of them has a computer.3. You can have an apple _.4. _ of them knows the news.5. _ one must be here on time.F. one the other / some others / some the others / another1. I bought two bottles of water. _ is for you, and _ is for my sister .2. There are seven p
60、eople here . Two of them come from the USA. _ are from Australia.3. We are cleaning the classroom. Some are cleaning the windows. Some are sweeping the floor, and _ are cleaning the desks and chairs.4. I dont like this one . Can you get me _ one?G. something / anything / everything / nothing 1. I ha
61、ve _ to tell you.2. _ is ready .We can have dinner.3. There isnt _ interesting in todays newspaper.4. Yesterday I went shopping, but I bought _, because there were too many people there .5. Can I do _ for you ? - Thats very kind of you .H. somebody / anybody / everybody / nodody1. Listen, _ is knock
62、ing at the door.2. Is there _ in the room ? -No, _ is here.3. Is _ here today?4. _ will come to see you. Please wait here.5. _ can pass the exam if he works hard.二单项选择1. Pass the knife to _, please , My pencil is broke .A. I B. my C. me2. Yesterday I saw _ enjoy _ in the park.A. them; themselves B.
63、them; themself C. they; themselves3. - _ does your mother do? - She is a nurse.A. What B. When C. Which4. He knows _ English but he has _ English friends.A. little; a few B. little; few C. a few; little 5. Which sweater do you prefer, the yellow one or the pink one? - _ . I like a light blue one.A.
64、Either B. Both C . Neither6. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _ is a teacher.A .another B. the other C. other7. There is _ in todays newspaper .A. new anything B .something new C. new something 8. Can you do it by _ , Kate ? - I think so.A. you B. yourself C. yourselves9. The questions are
65、 so difficult that _ students can answer them .A. few B. a few C .a little10. We bought _ a car.A. us B .ours C. our11. His handwriting is better than _.A. her B. hers C. she12. Mike is stronger than _ in his class.A. any boys B. any other boy C. any boy13. This is _ bag, and _ is over there.A. your
66、; his B. his; your C. me; me14. His parents are _ doctors.A. each B. all C. both15. We cant leave the children by _ .A. they B .themselves C. them16. _ was snowing when we reached the school.A. The sky B. It C .The weather17. Hello . May I speak to Jim, please? _ ?A. Who are you B. Whos that C. Who
67、is he18. Today , _trees are still being cut down in the world .A. much too B. too much C .too many19. There are many trees on _ side of the street.A. both B .either C. neither20. _ likes ice cream.A. Every children B. Every child C . All children21. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show m
68、e _ one.A .the other B. another C. others22. Would you like some tea with sugar or milk, sir? No, Id like tea with _ in it.A. something B. nothing C. everything23. Everyone in our class has gone hiking except _. I have a sore leg.A. I B. me C. mine24. We find _ impossible to get there before 8 ocloc
69、k .A. this B. it C .that25. There is a book on the floor. Whose is _?A. he B. she C. it26. It was raining so hard that _ of her feet were wet.A. all B. every C. both27. Kate lost _ keys. _ asked _ for help.A. her; She; I B. her; She; me C. hers; She; me 28. Who teaches _ French?A. them B .they C. th
70、eir29. The teacher asked _ to clean the classroom.A. you, she and I B . I, you and she C .you, she and me30. Hello ,may I speak to David ? Speaking. Who _ ? _ John.A. are you; Im B. is that; Im C. is that; This is 31. - _ girl is your pen pal? - The one in red.A. Whose B. Who C . Which32. I dont hav
71、e _ money . Could you please lend me _?A. any ; some B .any ; any C .some ; any三翻译句子，每空一词。1.孩子们，请随便吃些水果。Help _ _ some fruit , children .2.你将要和谁一起度假？_ _ are you going to take a vacation ?3.吉姆发现学好汉语有点难。Jim found _ a little difficult _ _ Chinese well .4.如果你有问题，可以问我。If you have _ _ , you can ask me .5.教
72、室里有许多孩子，一些在读书，其他的在写字。There are _ children in the classroom. _ are reading, and _ are writing.四按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. We had a good time in Hangzhou last week .（改为同义句） We _ _ in Hangzhou last week .2. My brother is teaching himself now .（改为同义句）My brother is _ _ _ now .3. That is my English book .（改为同义句）Th
73、at is an English book _ _ .4. Li Ping is tall with a pair of glasses .（对划线部分提问） _ does Li Ping _ _ ?5. The population of Shandong Province is over 90 million .（对划线部分提问）_ _ the population of Shandong Province ?6. Both you and he have been to the Great Wall .（改为否定句）_ you _ he _ been to the Great Wall
74、.7. All of us run in the park every morning .（改为否定句）_ of us _ in the park every morning .四 形容词Adjective(adj.)和副词Adverb(adv.)一 形容词形容词用以修饰名词、表示人或事物特征。在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。（一）作定语1.如果几个形容词修饰一个名词，其顺序为：限定词（my / the / this / some / two）+ 性质（lovely / bad）+ 大小 + 形状、新旧、年龄 + 颜色 + 地方 + 材料 + 用途类别 + 中心名词。如：She has be
75、autiful long curly blonde hair . / a fine old stone bridge / some lovely little black birds 2.形容词作定语一般位于被修饰词之前，但修饰不定代词时常放在所修饰词之后。如：This is an interesting story . / I have something important to tell you .(二) 作表语1The classroom is big and bright.2. 有少数形容词一般只能作表语，不能作定语。alone单独的 awake醒着的 afraid害怕的 well身
76、体健康的 asleep睡着的 alive活着的3. 一些连系动词后也可以接形容词作表语。look看上去 sound 听起来 get变得 turn变得 become变得 grow变得 feel感觉 taste 尝起来 seem看上去 stay保持 keep 保持 remain保持 appear显得(三) 作宾语补足语Who left the door open?(四) the + 形容词：表示一类人或物。如果指人，作主语时为复数，指事物时为单数。如：The old are taken good care of. 二 副词副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。(一) 副词的位置1. 副词在句中的位置
77、较灵活，可放句首、句中或句末。一般的，多数副词放在动词后面。但very / much / still / almost等程度副词常放在修饰词之前。always / often等频率副词放在行为动词之前、系动词、情态动词、助动词之后。如：He is often late for school.2. 多个副词同时出现的次序通常为：方式副词地点副词时间副词。如：She went to work by bus in Beijing last year.(二) 副词的作用1. 作状语 Its raining hard .2. 作表语 Class is over .3. 作定语 The workers h
78、ere are hard-working .三 形容词怎样变副词1. 大多数形容词在词尾加-ly。如：careful-carefully quick-quickly 2. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加-ly。如：easy-easily happy-happily lucky-luckily3. 以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词，去e再加-ly。如：true-truly4. 以le结尾的形容词，去e再加-y。如：possible-possibly simple-simply 少数以-ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。如：friendly(友好的) lonely(孤独的) lov
79、ely(可爱的)等。四 形容词和副词的等级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级（即原形）、比较级、最高级。比较级表示两者（人或事物）的比较，最高级表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，而副词最高级前加不加都可以。（一）规则变化1. 一般在词尾加-er / -est . 如：原级 比较级最高级smallsmallersmallesthighhigherhighest2. 以不发音字母e结尾的，在词尾加-r / -st .如:原级 比较级最高级nicenicernicestlargelargerlargest3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加
80、-er / -est .如：原级 比较级最高级easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest4. 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er / -est .如：原级 比较级最高级bigbiggerbiggesthot hotterhottest5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，在其前加more / most .如：原级比较级最高级popularmore popular most populardeliciousmore deliciousmost delicious（二）不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good / well better bestm
81、any / much more mostbad / ill / badly worse worstlittle less leastfar farther / further farthest / furthestold older / elder年长的 oldest / eldest五 形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法1. 同级比较 肯定as +形容词/副词原级+ as (与一样) 否定 not as / so +形容词/副词原级+ as (不如) 如：He is as tall as I .他和我一样高。 He runs as fast as I .他和我跑得一样快。This ru
82、ler is not as / so long as that one .这把尺子没有那把长。2. tooto (太不能) 如：Its too hot to do anything .天气太热以至于不能做任何事。3. enough to (足以干) 如：He is old enough to go to school.4. A+比较级+than+B (A比B) 如：The earth is bigger than the moon .地球比月球大。He works harder than we .他比我们工作更努力。5. （越来越）比较级+ and +比较级 more and more+原级
83、如：When spring comes , the days are getting longer and longer .当春天来临时，白天变得越来越长。This song is getting more and more popular .这首歌变得越来越流行了。6. The +比较级，the +比较级（越就越）如：The harder you study , the better grades you will get .你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。The more you have , the more you want .你拥有的越多，想要的也就越多。7. Which / Who
84、+比较级，A or B ? (A和B，谁更？) 如：Which is cheaper , the T-shirt or the shirt ?T恤和衬衣，哪个更便宜？Who runs faster , Tom or Jim ?汤姆和吉姆，谁跑得更快？8. the +最高级+ in（of, among） (最) 如：Ann is the tallest in our class.安是我们班上最高的。China is the greatest in the world . 9. 比较级+than any (other) 用比较级的句式表示最高级的意思 如：Rose is taller than a
85、ny other student in her class .罗斯比班上任何其他学生都高。意思是她是班上个子最高的10. one of the +最高级+名词复数 (最之一) 如：The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China .黄河是中国最长的河流之一。Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan .周杰伦是台湾最受欢迎的歌手之一。11. Which / Who+（the）+最高级，A ，B or C ? A、B和C，哪个（谁）最？ 如：Which is the big
86、gest , the sun , the earth or the moon ?太阳、月亮和地球，哪个最大？Who runs (the) fastest , Kate , Tom or Mike ?谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？12. the +序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数 第几的 如：The Changjiang River is the first longest river in our country .长江是我国第一长河。六 比较级的修饰语 比较级前可加much / a little / a bit / even / far / still等来修饰，说明程度，但不可用very /
87、 quite / rather / too / so 等修饰。如：It is much colder today than yesterday .今天比昨天冷得多。My apple is a little bigger than yours .我的苹果比你的大点儿。练习一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级strong _ _ high _ _slowly _ _ quickly _ _badly _ _ well _ _much _ _ far _ _busy _ _ fat _ _fine _ _ clever _ _angry _ _ sad _ _old _ _ often _ _f
88、ew _ _ empty _ _二、将下列形容词变为副词loud _ usual _ final _ real _lucky _ fast _ busy _ early _polite _ certain _ near _三、将下列名词变为形容词cloud _ wind _ sun _ care _danger _ thank _ worry _ help _friend _ noise _ death _ health _China _ 四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Which kind of meat is _ (popular) in China, beef, pork or
89、 chicken?2. Summer is _ (hot) season of the year.3. Shanghai is one of _ (big) cities in the world.4. I think English is _ (interesting) than math.5. He doesnt run as _ (fast) as you.6. The Yellow River is the second _ (long) river in China, and it is one of the _ (long) rivers in the world.7. Which
90、 problem is _ (difficult), this one or that one?8. Tom comes to school _ (early) than him.9. Of all the workers, he is _ (busy).10. Try your _ (well) and you can do _ (well) in English.11. Our city is becoming _ and _ (beautiful).12. Who is _ (tall), the girl or the boy?13. This song is _ (popular)
91、than that one, I think.14. Lin Ming is one of _ (good) students in our class.15. Tom, youre too fat! You must take _ (much) exercise and eat _ (little) meat.16. Lucy works as _ (hard) as Lily. I think they can both get good grades.17. In our city, its _ (hot) in July, but it is even _ (hot) in Augus
92、t.18. Mary works _ (carefully) in our class. 19.Which of the twins runs _ (fast) ?20. Congratulations! Its a very _ (success) performance .21. _ (luck), he was not badly hurt.22. Have you found your _ (lose) car?23. I think this CD player is _ (help) to learn English.24. She couldnt fall _ (sleep) l
93、ast night.25. Lucy is a _ (forget) girl. She often leaves her book at home.26. The oranges taste _ (good).27. He spoke _ (loud) and _ (clear).28. To cross the road is _ (danger) for the children.29. Be _ (quickly)! Or youll be late .30. Thomas Edison was _ in science when he was very young. He thoug
94、ht it was very _(interest) .五、单项选择1. Li Ming is five. He is _ to _ himself.A. too old; dress B .old enough; dress C. enough old; wear2. Its _ cheaper to travel by train than by plane .A. much B. very C. too3. The old man was _ weak _ look after himself.A. too; to B .so; that C. so; to4. I think this
95、 book is as _ as that one.A. use B. more useful C. useful5. Can you tell me how to keep healthy ? -You should eat _ fast food, _ vegetables and take enough exercise .A. fewer; more B. less; fewer C. less; more6. John is much shorter than his sister, but he jumps _ she does.A. as best as B. as high a
96、s C. as higher as 7. Theyre going to build a school for _ .A. the blind B. blind C. the blinds8. This kind of shirt looks _ and sells _.A. nice; well B. good; good C. well; nice9. Drinking milk can help us to keep _ .A. health B .healthy C .healthily10. The suit was _ expensive that I couldnt afford
97、 it .A. very B. so C .too11. The old writer lives _, but he doesnt feel _ .A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. lonely ; lonely12. Jack doesnt run _ to catch the bus .A. enough fast B. quickly enough C. slowly enough13. This year our school is _ than it was last year.A. much more beautiful B. much b
98、eautiful C .the most beautiful14. The more English newspapers you read , _ you will do in your English . - Thanks a lot.A. the more B .the better C .the well15. His English is as _ as his Chinese.A. good B. well C. better16. When I retire , Ill move _ .A. anywhere quiet B. somewhere quiet C. to some
99、where quiet17. He jumps _ farther than I.A. very B. quite C. much18. Shanghai is larger than _ in India.A. any other city B. any city C. any other cities19. Jimmy often eats _ meat, so he is _ fat now.A. too much; much too B. much too; too much C. too many; much too 20. Li Gang is _ of the two broth
100、ers.A. more careful B. the more careful C .the most careful(比较范围用了“of the two ”时，比较级前要加the。) 六、翻译句子，每空一词1. 他起床足够早，赶上了早班车。He got up _ _ to catch the early bus .2. 我们的家乡变得越来越美丽了。 Our hometown is getting _ _ _ _ .3. 在考试中，你越细心，出的错就越少。 In the exam , _ _ _ you are , _ _ mistakes youll make .4. 冬天，广州的天气比北京
101、的天气暖和。The weather in Guangzhou is _ _ that in Beijing in winter .七、按要求改写句子，每空一词1. She usually goes to school on foot .（对划线部分提问） _ _ she usually _ to school ?2. Robots will help people do chores in 50 years . （对划线部分提问） _ _ will robots help people do chores ?3. Tom is thirteen . Jim is thirteen , too
102、.（改为同义句）Tom is _ _ _ Jim .4. Wang Tao runs fastest in our class . （改为同义句）Wang Tao runs _ than _ _ _ in our class .5. I dont think that music is as interesting as art . （改为同义句）I think that music is _ interesting _ art .6. Hes already seen this film .（改为否定句）He _ seen this film _ .五 数词Numeral(num.)数词可分
103、：基数词：表示数目的多少序数词：表示数目的顺序一 基数词的构成1. 1-12为独立的单词，有其各自的形式。如：one two three four five sixseven eight nine ten eleven twelve2. 13-19都以-teen结尾，单词中的两个音节都要重读。如： thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen /3. 20-90之间的“整十”都以-ty结尾，单词中的第一个音节重读。如： twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ni
104、nety4. 20-99之间的“几十几”，十位和个位之间要加连字符。如： 22 twenty-two 35 thirty-five5. 101-999之间的非整百得基数词的读法为：百位数 + and + 十位数（个位数）。如： 156-one hundred and fifty-six 709-seven hundred and nine二 基数词的用法1. 表示数量的多少。如：There are seventy-five desks in our class .我们班里有75张课桌。2. 表示年龄和年份。如：He was born in 1952 . 他出生于1952年。-How old i
105、s Molly ? 莫利多少岁了？-She is fifteen years old. 她15岁了。他出生于1952年。 表示年龄用基数词，表示多少岁的生日用序数词。3. 表示时刻。如：-What time is it now? 现在几点了？ -Its two to two .1点58分了。4. 表示顺序或编号：单数名词+基数词，此时名词和基数词的第一个字母通常大写。如：Class Three 三班 Room 55 55 号房间 Lesson Ten 第10课 Page 108 第1085. 确数的表达：基数词+hundred / thousand / million / billion +名
106、词复数 概数的表达：hundreds / thousands / millions / billions +of +名词复数 hundreds of数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的millions of数以百万计的 billions of数十亿的如：There are six hundred workers in this factory .这家工厂有600名工人。Thousands of visitors have come to Hangzhou in the last two weeks.在过去的两周中，有成千上万的游客到杭州来。6. “整十”的复数形式用于表示：在某世纪
107、几十年代：in the +年份的复数 在某人几十多岁时：in ones + 整十的基数词的复数= more than +基数词如：In the 1960s , people had to lead a poor life .在20世纪60年代，人们不得不过着贫困的生活。He invented many things in his twenties .他在20多岁时，就发明了许多东西。7. 表示分数、小数和百分数 分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；若分子是大于1的整数，分母用复数形式。如：1/3读作a(one) third ；2/5 读作two fifths；5/6 读作_ _ . 在英语
108、中，四分之一为a quarter ；四分之三为three quarters ；二分之一为a half 。 小数的表达：小数点读作point ，零读作zero。小数点后面的数按各位基数词依次读出。如：0.8 读作zero point eight 16.78 读作sixteen point seven eight 百分数的表达：基数词+ percent 如：7%读作seven percent 50%读作fifty percent 表示倍数：half (一半) twice (二倍) three times (三倍)三 序数词的构成序数词大多是由基数词变形而成的。构成形式如下：1. 1-3应逐个记忆，
109、它们分别是：first, second, third .2. 4-19之间的序数词都由相应的基数词加-th构成的。如：fourth fifth sixth seventheighth ninth tenth eleventhtwelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenthsixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth的拼写比较特殊。3. 20-90之间“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉-y加-ieth构成。如： twenti
110、eth thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth4. 21-99之间“第几十几”的序数词，前面的十位用基数词，后面的个位用序数词，中间用连字符。如： twenty-first 第二十一 twenty-ninth 第二十九 seventy-eighth 第七十八 巧学妙记：变脸123；8加h , 9减e , _ .四 序数词的用法1. 表示顺序：the +序数词+单数名词如：The second picture is very beautiful .第二幅图很美。The fourth student c
111、omes from America .第四个学生来自美国。3. 表示日期中的“日”。如：2009年5月14日表示为：May 14th , 2009 ; 读作：May the fourteenth , two thousand and nine 。练习一、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. Toms mother gave him a nice gift on his _ (eight) birthday .2. Whats the date today ?-Its September the _ (thirty) .3. Mr. Wu asked his students to turn t
112、o the _ (fifty-nine) page.4. He opened up his own company in his _ (twenty).5. How happily we are living in the _ (twenty-one) century!二、根据括号里的汉语提示，完成下列句子。1. Kate and Mary are in _ _ _ _ (三年级五班).2. I was born in Shanghai on _ _ 1993 (1993年10月17日).3. Shes been away from London for _ days and _ _ (三天半
113、).4. It was a lonely village _ the _(在20世纪80年代) , but now there are many tall building in it .5. _ _ (三分之二) of the students in Class 1 come from the countryside .三、单项选择1. There are _ workers in this factory.A. two hundreds and thirty-six B. two hundred and thirty-six C. two hundred , thirty-six2. _
114、players will take part in the city sports meeting.A. Hundreds of B. Hundred of C. Hundreds3. There are _ months in a year. December is _ month of the year.A. twelve; twelfth B. twelfth; twelve C. twelve; the twelfth4. _ of the boys in our class _ playing soccer after school.A. Four-fifths; like B. F
115、our-fifths; likes C. Four-five; like 5. They plan to plant _ in the park.A. sixty more trees B. more sixty trees C. sixty another trees 基数词+ more +名词复数=another +基数词+名词复数 （再 又）6. Mr.Smith has an _ daughter .A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C. eight year old7. I had learned _ English words by the
116、end of last term .A. four hundred B. four hundreds C. four hundreds of 8. Thr story happened _ .A. in the 1940 B. in the 1940s C. in 1940s9. I will stay in Beijing for _ .A. one or two days B. one and two days C. one day or two days10. Would you like some fruit ,madam ? -_ please.A . Three kilo of a
117、pples B . Three kilos of apples C . Three kilos of apple11. Well have a _ holiday . What about going to the West Lake?A. two days B. two-day C. two-days12. The _ Olympics was held in August, 2008 in Beijing China.A. twenty-nineth B. twenty-ninth C. twenty-nine13. This is a big class and _ of the stu
118、dents are girls.A. two third B. two thirds C. second three14. Peter , how old is your father this year ? _ . And we just had a party for his _ birthday last weekend.A. Forty; fortieth B. Forty; forty C. Fortieth; forty15. Which floor does Mr.Hu live on? -He lives on _ floor.A. tenth B. the tenth C.
119、the ten16. Tree-planting Day is on the _ of March every year.A. twelve B.twelfth C.twelveth 17. There are _ days in a year.A. three hundred and sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty five18. What time is it now ? -Its _ .A. ten oclock B.Thursday C. morning19. What cla
120、ss are you in ? -Im in _ .A. Grade 9 B. Class 9 C. No.9 20. More than 60 _ people died in the powerful earthquake in Sichuan Province .A. thousand B. thousand of C. thousands of 六 介词Preposition(prep)：介词是一种虚词。介词不能单独作句子成分，介词除本身具有的含义之外，介词还可以和其他词搭配，表示不同的含义。一 表示时间的介词：in / on / at1. in的用法 年（月）：in 2009 在20
121、09年 in May , 2010 在2010年5月 上午/下午/晚上/白天 ： in the morning在上午 in the afternoon在下午in the evening在晚上 in the daytime在白天 季节： in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter在冬季2. on的用法 星期/日期/节日：on Monday在星期一 on March 1st , 1995 1995年3月1日 on Teachers Day在教师节 某日的上午/下午/晚上：on Monday morning在星期一上午 on the aft
122、ernoon of May 2nd 在5月2日下午 on a windy evening在一个有风的晚上 on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚3. at的用法 几点钟： at six oclock在六点钟 中午/夜晚/拂晓：at noon在中午 at night在夜晚 at daybreak在拂晓 固定短语：at the beginning of 在开始时 at the end of 在的结尾 at the age of在岁时二 表示地点的介词：in / on / at1. in / on in 表示“在里面”如：There is some tea in the cup .杯子里有一
123、些茶。on表示“在上面” 如：There are some apples on the table .桌子上有几个苹果。 2. in / at表示地点时，in +大地方 如：He arrived in China yesterday .他昨天到达了中国。 at +小地方 如：We arrived at the airport .我们到机场了。3. in / on the street 表示“在街上”；on the road 表示“在马路上”；若街、路得名称前有门牌号，则用介词at。如：He lives at 608 Fenghuang Street .他住在凤凰街608号。4. 注意下列词组的
124、用法：on the tree 树本身固有的东西在树上，如果实等。There are some apples on the tree .树上有一些苹果。in the tree 外来物在树上，如小鸟等。I can see three birds in the tree .我能看到树上有3只小鸟。on the wall 在墙的表面，如图画等。There is a map on the wall .墙上有一幅地图。in the wall嵌在墙里，如窗户或洞等。Theres a hole in the wall .墙上有个洞。三 in / on / at的其他用法in的其他用法1. 穿、戴(衣服或鞋帽)
125、。如：He is in blue .他穿着蓝色的衣服。I know the man in a hat .我认识那个戴帽子的男士。2. 用，后跟语言或材料，表示手段或方法等。如：How do you say that in English ?那个用英语怎么说？She wrote the letter in pencil .他用铅笔写的这封信。3. 表示境况、情绪、状态等。如：in trouble陷入困境 in danger处于危险中 in surprise惊讶地 in good health身体健康4. 关于，在方面 。如：Im weak in math .我的数学不好。on 的其他用法1. 在
126、从事中 如：on business出差 on holiday/vacation 度假 on duty 值日 on show = on display 陈列；展览2. 表示“用；以方式；通过”。如：Lets talk about it on the phone .我们在电话里讨论它吧We go to school on foot .我们步行去上学。at的其他用法1. 表示“在方面”。如：She is good at English .她擅长英语。2. 用在年龄前，表示“在岁时”。如：At the age of 4 , he began to play the piano .他4岁时便开始弹钢琴。
127、3. 用在具体的价格前。如：The coat is on sale at (the price of) 100 yuan .这件上衣以100元的价格出售。四 for / by 的用法归类for的常见用法1. 表示目的，意为“为了”。如：I want to go back for my pen .我要回去拿我的铅笔。Lets go for a walk .我们出去散散步吧。2. 表示用途，意为“适用于；适合”。如：This is a book for children .这是一本适合儿童阅读的书。3. 表示动作的方向、目的地，意为“向；往”。如：This ship is for New York
128、 .这艘轮船驶往纽约。4. 用在固定搭配中。如：look for寻找 wait for等候 be late for迟到by的常见用法1. 表示位置，意为“在旁边；靠近”。如：Some children are drawing by the lake .一些孩子在湖边画画。2. 表示时间，意为“到为止；不迟于”。如：How many songs had you learned by the end of last term ?到上学期结束时你学了多少首歌曲？3. 表示“由；经；乘”，by后接交通工具。如：Every day he goes to work by bus .他每天乘公共汽车去上班。
129、4. 表示方式或手段，意为“用；借；通过”，by后接动名词。如：I study English by reading a lot .我通过大量阅读来学习英语。5. 用于被动语态中，意为“由，被”，by后接动作的执行者。如：This bike was found by the boy last time .这辆自行车上次是被那个男孩发现的。五 含介词的固定搭配1. 动词+介词talk about谈论 worry about 担心 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲 look after照顾；照料 agree with同意 depend on依靠；依赖turn on 打开 hear of
130、 听说 hear from 收到的来信2. 动词+副词+介词catch up with跟上 do well in擅长 look out of向外看 get ready for为做准备 look forward to期望 comeup with想出3. be +形容词+介词be fond of喜欢 be good at擅长 be proud of为感到自豪 be different from与不同 be strict with sb对某人要求严格 be strict in sth对某事要求严格 be tired of对感到厌烦 be weak in sth不擅长；在某方面差 be sorry f
131、or为感到可惜；对表示同情4. 动词+名词+介词make a contribution to为做贡献 pay attention to注意 take care of照顾练习一、用适当的介词填空1. He arrived _ Moscow _3:30 _ the afternoon .2. “Whats this _ English ?” he asked _ surprise .3. Well leave _ America _ Sunday morning .4. _ the time I got _ school . I realized that I had left my homewo
132、rk at home .5. People often mistake Lucy _ Lily , because they are twins .6. Chinese names are different _ English names .7. They were talking _ a film when I came _ the room .8. Mr. Smith is very strict _ his students and _ his own work .9. The woman _ red was born _ July 24 , 1966 .10. She often g
133、oes dancing _ Friday evening .11. _ my surprise , he has learned it .12. He has been teaching here _ 1990 .13. Someone is knocking _ the door .14. I waited _ an hour .15. I met him the day _ yesterday .16. Go _ this street and then turn left .二、单项选择1. Dont laugh _ anyone who is _ trouble .A. at ; in
134、 B. at ; at C. on ; in2. Hangzhou is famous _ the West Lake . A. for B. to C.as 3. How do you study _ a test ? -_ working hard . A. for ; By B. at ; In C. for ; On4. First go _ the village , and then walk _ a bridge . You can find him on the farm . A. across ; through B. through ; across C. across ;
135、 across5. Thank you _ looking _ my little son . A .for ; at B. to ; at C. for ; after6. Taiwan is _ the southeast of China .A. in B. on C. at7. There is a wooden bridge _ the river . A. over B. on C. above8. Everyone was at school _ Linda , because she was ill in bed . A. except B. with C. besides9.
136、 Its very nice _ you _ me some money . A. of ; lend B. of ; to lend C. for ; to lend10. Xiao Qiang lives _ 99 Xinhua Road . He got up late . so he went to school in a hurry _ eating breakfast . A. on ; without B. on ; with C. at ; without 11. Id like a cup of coffee _ some sugar and milk .A. with B.
137、 in C. of12. Betty arrived _ London _ the evening of June 1st . A. in ; on B. at ; on C. at ; in13. When did Hong Kong return to our motherland . -_ July 1st 1997. A. On B. In C . At14. Please turn _ all the lights in the room ,or Im afraid . A. up B. on C. down 15. The moonlight is coming in _ the
138、window and the room seems quiet and beautiful. A. over B. across C. through16. Youd better not go to work _ breakfast , for its bad for your health . A. without B. for C. with17. How long have you learned English ? -_ about five years. A. For B. By C . Since18. -Dont be late _ class again , OK? -Sor
139、ry , I wont . A. for B. in C. to19. Excuse me , where is the museum ? Is it _ the library? A. the next to B. across from C. in the front of 20. The basket is full _ vegetables. A. about B. with C. of21. Though hes a famous writer , he is friendly _ us . A. to B. for C. with22. Most people get sick _
140、 the bad weather. A. because of B. because C. so23. _ the age of 18, he started his own company. A. At B. In C . From24. My teacher was very angry _ me because I was late. A. at B. with C. than25. Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes.A. for ; for B. to ; with C. for ; with26. I arrived _ a
141、 village _ a cold morning. A. at ; on B. at ; in C. in ; in 27. We are doing much better _ English _ our teachers help . A. in ; with B. at ; with C. in ; at28. What did you have _ breakfast this morning? A. for B. on C. in29. Look! The birds are singing _ the tree . A. on B. in C. at30. I think he
142、will be back _ two oclock . A. after B. with C. at 答案：AAABC AAABC AAABC AAABC AAABC AAABC 三、翻译句子，每空一词。1. 在这个月月初，他将去夏威夷度假。He will go to Hawaii for vacation _ _ _ _ this month .2. 上学期他喜欢滑冰胜过游泳。Last term he _ skating _ _ .3. 在他们的帮助下，这位老人最后找到了他的女儿。_ the help _ _ , the old man found his daughter at last
143、.4. 我母亲昨天花了10 美元买这件礼物。My mother _ 10 _ this gift yesterday . 七 动词Verb(v.)动词是表示动作或状态的词。主要分为行为动词（实义动词）、系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。一 行为动词 行为动词又叫实义动词，按照其后是否能接宾语可分为：及物动词和不及物动词。分类 例词及物动词 love , need , buy , teach等不及物动词 come , go , run , swim等二 系动词 系动词的词义不完整，须与表语一起构成谓语。常见的系动词分类如下：分类 例词 例句be 动词 (am , is ) was / are we
144、re Lily and Lucy are twins . 感官类系动词 look , sound , smell , taste , feel 等 Xu Wenqiang wears glasses and looks cool .变化类系动词 become , get , grow , go , turn等状态类系动词 keep , stay , remain等 be动词用法口诀：我用am ；你用are ；is用于他她它；一切复数都用are 。三 助动词助动词本身没有词义，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。常用的助动词有be , do , have等。分类 作用be动词 am / is / are
145、 + 现在分词现在进行时be + 过去分词 被动语态 do 形式有do , does , did ,用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词原形前加强语气。have have / has +过去分词现在完成时had +过去分词过去完成四 情态动词 时情态动词本身有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，须与实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气。情态动词后接动词原形。1 表示能力：can 只有现在时和过去时could两种形式；be able to可以有多种形式。如：He cant speak French . = He isnt able to speak French .
146、I could swim very well when I was nine . = I was able to swim very well when I was nine.2. 表示许可、允许：may(might)和can(could)。如：-May I come in ? -Please do . 为了使语气委婉，可用might代替may；could代替can，但回答时要还原成may和can。如：-Could I use your ruler?-Yes, you can .3. 表示推断、判断：must 肯定、一定 100cant 不可能 0 could/might 也许、可能 50 8
147、04. 表示义务、职责或规劝：must, have to , should . must 在这三个词中语气最强，意为“必须”。其否定回答不用mustnt （千万不可，万万不能）,而用neednt 或dont have to （不必）。如：-Must I go shopping just now ? -No , you neednt .must表示主观“必须”；have to 表示客观要求“必须，不得不”。如：You must do your exercise in class.I have to go home now .should表示某人应该做某事。如：You should finish
148、your homework on time . 五 动词短语的分类1. 动词+介词（v. + prep.）常见的有look after / look like / talk about / shout at / work on 等。如：I have to look after her at home .我不得不在家照顾她。He is thinking about this question .他正在思考这个问题。2. 动词+副词（v. +adv.）常见的有put on / put away / pick up / work out / 等。如：Please put your coat on .
149、 = Please put on your coat .请穿上你的大衣。The light is on , please turn it off .灯亮着，请把它关掉。 动副短语后跟名词作宾语时，宾语置于副词前后均可，；后跟人称代词作宾语时，宾语必须放在副词之前，也就是把宾语放于动副短语之间。3. 动词+副词+介词（v.+ adv.+ prep.）常见的有catch up with / do well in / look out of / get ready for / look forward to / come up with等。如：He is trying his best to cat
150、ch up with the other students in the class .他正在竭尽全力地追赶班里的其他同学。练习一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. She can _ (teach) you some English songs.2. Must my homework _ (finish) right now?3. _ your mother usually _ (do) chores after dinner?4. This bike needs _ (mend) , so you need _ (ask) Uncle Li to mend it .5. Tony _ (
151、have) to work ten hours a day.二、单项选择1. I tried to _ him , but I couldnt _ what he said .A. listen to ; hear B. listen ; hear C. hear ; listen to 2. Lets see the pandas . -That _ interesting. A. looks B. sounds C. gets3. Dont play with the knife , or you _ hurt yourself . A. need B. should C. may4. I
152、s that Mr. Zhang ? -It _ be him. He s gone to America . A. cant B. mustnt C. doesnt5. Must I do my homework now ? -No, you _ . You _ do it tomorrow. A. neednt ; must B. neednt ; can C. mustnt ; can6. Do I have to help him ? -Yes , you _ . A. should B. can C. must7. Your sweater is over there , Pleas
153、e _ , because its very cold outside . A. put it on B. put on it C. take it off8. Im looking forward to _ Jay Chou in the concert . A. see B. seeing C. will see9. _ I play video games now ? -No , you mustnt . A. Must B. Need C. May10. -_ you ride a bike? -No, I _ . A. Can; cant B. Must; mustnt C. May
154、; may not11. _ to have lunch with me this afternoon?A. If you like B. Would you like C. Did you like12. Must I come here before 8 oclock ? -No, you _. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt13. I saw Li Ping in the classroom two minutes ago , He _ be in Shanghai Museum . A. cant B. may C. must14. My brother is
155、ill, I _ stay at home and look after him . A. has to B. have to C. must15. Could I borrow your lesson notes ? -Yes , of course you _ . A. could B. might C. can答案：ABC ABC ABC ABC ABC 三、翻译句子，每空一词。1. 现在我父亲一定在家。My father _ _ at home now .2. 这道数学题这么难，我算不出来。This math problem was so difficult that I couldnt _ _ _ .3. 你最好不要打扰他。You _ _ _ trouble him .4. 他现在习惯于早起。He _ _ _ getting up early now . 八 连词Conjunction(conj.)连词Conjunction(conj.)：用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。如：and / or / but and _or _but _
