1、Discovering useful structuresRestrictive relative clauses1.To recognize the restrictive relative clauses and understand the use of relative pronouns;2.To summarize the form and functions of restrictive relative clausesLearning aimsDeclan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.ings Declan i
2、s a famoussinger who sings the song tell me why.Leading-in He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.He is a famous singer who is from China Taiwan.He is a popular singer.His song is popular among young people.All is well that ends well.结局好,一切都好。He who laughs last laughs best.谁
3、笑到最后谁笑得最好。What clause sentenses are they?Restrictive relative clausesGrammarrestrictive relative clauses(一)关系代词的用法1定语从句的概述在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格为whom，所有格为whose)等，关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词有三个作用：引导从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中作成分。如：The
4、 people whom you met on the campus yesterday are from England.你昨天在校园里见到的那些人来自英国。He is reading a book which is written by Lu Xun.他正在读一本鲁迅写的书。2关系代词的用法(1)关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that。它们的具体使用情况如下表所示：(2)在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点：一是先行词是“人”还是“物”；二是关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分。如：He is a man who/that means what he says.他
5、是一个说话算话的人。(先行词指人，关系代词who/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语)Is there anyone in your class whose father is a teacher?你们班有谁的父亲是老师？(先行词指人，关系代词whose引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语)To be frank,I dont like the movie(which/that)you recommended to me yesterday.坦率地讲，我不喜欢你昨天推荐给我的那部影片。(先行词指物，关系代词which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略)【名师点津】关系词，引定从
6、，它们的用法各不同。that可作主宾表，指人指物它都行。which专来指物用，主语、宾语它也能。who和whom来指人，whom仅作宾语用。whose一词作定语，指人指物都管用。(二)关系代词用that而不用which的情况1当先行词是all,much,anything,nothing,little,none等不定代词时(something,everything,anything作先行词时，关系代词偶尔也可以用which)She told me everything that she knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。2先行词既有人又有物时I can remember well the
7、persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。3先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。4先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。5先行词为the last,the only,the very,the same等或被这些词修
8、饰时Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。6主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Which is the true story that he told us?他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？7当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在从句中作表语时Tom isnt the man that he used to be.汤姆不再是过去的样子了。(三)关系代词用which而不用that的情况1先行词为that时Whats that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么？Its
9、a football.那是一个足球。2关系代词前有介词时This is the room in which he lives.这是他住的房间。3引导非限制性定语从句时Tom came back,which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。(四)定语从句的注意事项1关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单复数。如：He is the only one of the students who knows French in our class.他是我们班里唯一懂法语的学生。(the only one为先行词)He is one of the stud
10、ents who know French in our class.他是我们班里懂法语的学生之一。(students为先行词)2关系代词的省略：在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作动词的宾语或介词的宾语(这时介词不能在关系代词前)时常可省略。如：The boy(that/who/whom)we saw last night is Li Ming.我们昨晚见到的那个男孩是李明。3the same.as与the same.that的区别一般情况下，the same.as指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而thesame.that与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。如：This is the same pen as
11、 I bought yesterday.这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。(同一类)This is the same pen that I borrowed from Mr Li.这就是我从李老师那里借的钢笔。(同一物)1.The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2.We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.3.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up
12、in the earthquake.4.A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5.Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.that/which who一、用 who,whom,that,which or whose填空。that/which that/which who/whom/that6The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to
13、 each other.7She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.8The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.9Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest las
14、t year.10Do you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.that/which that/which whosewho/whom/thatthat/which 11I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.12Jack is the most intelligent man _ Ive ever met.13As a child,Jack studied in a vill
15、age school,_ is named after his grandfather.14Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear)evening dress.15I have the same magazine _ you bought just now.who/whom/thatthat which wearsas1.看一看那个名叫露丝的女士。2.准备去公园的人待在这儿。3.那是我所有的钱。4.他是我非常喜欢的老师。5.他们谈了大约一个小时关于他们在学校记得的人和事。Look at
16、that lady whose name is Rose.Those who will go to the park stay here.That was all the money that I had.He is a teacher who(whom)I like very much.They talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.二、翻译句子。A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。
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