1、单元质量检测（四）.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASpecial Volunteers (SVs) are individuals who volunteer his or her time to provide research services, direct patient care, technical assistance, or any other necessary services for National Institutes of Health (NIH). SVs are not fina
2、ncially supported by NIH for their services nor does the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) provide health insurance. All Special Volunteers on a visa must have a valid (有效的) work permit. Visa assistance is provided to those who qualify (有资格)Special Volunteers may receive support from outsid
3、e sources with approval. Volunteer services may be accepted from any individuals who areproviding their services as members of volunteer or charitable organizations.offering their services on their own time, for example students.receiving fellowship or financial support from outside organizations wi
4、th whom they have no employment relationships.employees of outside organizations on holiday.government employees volunteering services unrelated to their official duties and responsibilities, outside of their normal work hours.Applications：There are no deadlines for applications as they are accepted
5、 on a “rolling admission” basis. Special Volunteers who have found a match with a Principal Investigator will be asked to sign a volunteer agreement and, if enrolled (加入), submit paperwork from their school to make sure that proper credit is given.To submit an online Special Volunteer application, v
6、isit the NIMH Student IRTA Special Volunteer application at https：/wwwapps.nimh.nth.gov/tra.Benefits：Those who volunteer for more than a fourmonth appointment may receive a parking pass.For additional information on Special Volunteer program and those requiring visa assistance please get in touch wi
7、th Aneka Reid in the Office of Fellowship Training.1What do we know about Special Volunteers?AThey dont need to work overseas.BThey are not offered health insurance.CQualified SVs should get a visa on their own.DThey enjoy free parking during their service.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段“SVs are not financially sup
8、ported by NIH for their services nor does the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) provide health insurance”可知，特殊志愿者没有报酬也没有保险。由第一段最后两句可知A项错误。2Who are likely to become Special Volunteers?AGovernment employees who are on duty.BNonmembers of volunteer organizations.CHousewives supported by outsid
9、e organizations.DPeople wanting volunteer during work hours.解析：选C细节理解题。由文中所列举的可以提供志愿者服务的人群中的“offering their services on their own time, for example students”和“receiving fellowship or financial support from outside organizations with whom they have no employment relationships”可知，受外部组织支持的家庭主妇可能成为特殊志愿者
10、。3To be a SV, .Ayou can apply at any timeBa volunteer agreement is not a mustCan online application should be submittedDyou should get in touch with Aneka Reid first解析：选A细节理解题。由Applications部分的“There are no deadlines for applications”可知，特殊志愿者的申请是没有截止日期的，随时都可申请。BThe volunteer project was amazing. Ever
11、ything worked out fine and everyone was so kind and nice to me that I had the most wonderful time there.My host family was really great. Everyone was nice and helpful, so I felt at home. I really found a second family in Thailand and we got along so well even not speaking the same language. My host
12、mother made a great effort to learn some English and I tried my best to learn a couple of Thai words.On Sundays, I went to a temple school to teach the little ones aged 58 years together with other teachers. All the teachers in the school worked so hard that they spent much of their free time workin
13、g in the school. It impressed me deeply. And the students were just wonderful. They were so nice and polite and really studied hard.Teaching was not only great fun but also quite challenging. Because I taught many different classes at different levels of English. So I always had to first check and t
14、hen quickly know the level of English they had. Luckily, all the former teachers kept a teachers diary. They wrote down their experiences with the students. So I could check and read volunteer stories from it and knew what kind of games or exercises they had been doing. The important part of my teac
15、hing was English conversation. And this was best done through little games. Students loved the competition and teamed up against each other. It sometimes took a bit of effort to inspire them because they were shy. But once they warmed up, it was so much fun. I must say I enjoyed all classes and neve
16、r had a boring moment.语篇解读：作者参加了一个志愿者项目，前往泰国担任志愿者老师。在那里，她与当地居民同住，与其他的志愿者老师一道工作。期间，她不仅了解了当地的文化，而且还了解了当地的学生。4While working in Thailand, the author .Aate and lived at the schoolBmade friends with many localsClived in a local familyDmade much progress in English解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“My host family was really
17、 great. Everyone was nice and helpful, so I felt at home.”可知，作者在担任志愿者期间住在一个当地人的家中。5The author was impressed greatly by .Athe poor language skills local students hadBthe short but unforgettable trip he plannedCthe wonderful conversations local students madeDthe hardworking spirit of teachers from a t
18、emple school解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段“All the teachers in the school worked so hard that they spent much of their free time working in the school. It impressed me deeply.”可知，寺庙学校里的所有老师工作都很努力，他们把大部分自己业余时间都用在了在工作上，这让作者印象很深。6Before teaching lessons, the author had to .Aorganize some games for the studentsBread
19、the stories written by former teachersCcheck the students English levelDhave a short conversation with the students解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段“Because I taught many different classes at different levels of English. So I always had to first check and then quickly know the level of English they had.”可知，由于作者所教的班级
20、不同，学生英语程度也不同，因此，上课之前，作者必须弄清楚学生们的英语水平。7The underlined word “it” in Para.4 refers to .Aa teachers diary Ba dictionaryCa school Da library解析：选A代词指代题。根据第四段 “Luckily, all the former teachers kept a teachers diary. They wrote down their experiences with the students .knew what kind of games or exercises t
21、hey had been doing.”可知，幸运的是，所有之前的教师都有一个教师日记，他们把自己和学生的经历写在日记本上，作者会翻看日记本，看看他们都做过什么游戏或练习。由此可知，it指代的是老师的日记。CLike most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting.It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: givingaway makes life so much more exciting.
22、You need not worry if you lack money.This is how I experimented with givingaway.If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper.One discovery I made about givingaway is that it is almost impossible to give away a
23、nything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in all unexpected form.One Sunday morning, the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office.I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation.Mor
24、e than a year later, I needed a postoffice box for a new business I was starting.I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list.As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway.He had overheard (无意中听到) our conversation.
25、“Wasnt it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home？” I said “yes.” “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you.You dont know what a letter like that means to us.We usually get nothing but complaints.
26、”语篇解读：像大多数人那样，作者在将生活视为索取的过程中长大。直到年近四十，作者才发现：奉献更能使生活精彩纷呈。8From the passage, we understand that .Athe author followed other people looking upon life as a process of gettingBthe author was unlike most people who were mostly receivers rather than giversCthe author received the same education as most peo
27、ple during his childhoodDthe author did not understand the importance of giving until he was in late thirties解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery：givingaway makes life so much more exciting.”可知，作者年近四十岁了才意识到奉献让生活更精彩，这时候他才理解付出的重要性，故选D项。9Accordin
28、g to the author, .Agiving means you will lack moneyBthe excitement of giving can bring you moneyCyou dont have to be rich in order to giveDwhen you give away money, you will be rich解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“You need not worry if you lack money.”可知，在你付出的时候，不需要担心自己缺钱，由此可见，要付出不一定需要富有，故选C项。10The author would
29、make the suggestion to the storekeeper .Ain writingBin personCin the window displayDabout the neighborhood解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第五句中提到“I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper”可知作者是当面给店主提建议，故选B项in person (亲自)。11When the author needed a postoffice box, .Ahe had to put his name on a waiting list
30、Bhe wrote the postmaster a note of appreciationChe asked the postmaster to make one for himDmany people had applied for postoffice boxes before him解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list.”作者被告知没有剩余的箱子了，而且作者的
31、名字在很长的等候清单上，由此可见，在作者之前很多人申请了邮局的箱子，故选D项。DAmerica is a mobile society.Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change.Neither side feels hurt by this.Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while then no more.If
32、the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship.This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, sometimes extending deeply into both families.Americans are ready
33、 to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life.They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality easily.Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday live
34、s, they dont show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time.This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend.We may take days off to ac
35、t as guides to our foreign friends.The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus.And they expect th
36、at we will phone them from there.Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real.We will find ourselves treated hospitably.For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for pure business matters.So a
37、ccept their hospitality at home!12The writer of this passage must be a(n) .AAmericanBChineseCprofessor Dstudent解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段的“This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand”和第二段的“Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans”可推知，作者是中国人，故选B。13Which of the following state
38、ments is TRUE according to the passage?AFriendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.BFriendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.CAmericans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.DAmericans always show their warmth even if they ar
39、e very busy.解析：选C正误判断题。根据第一段的“This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, sometimes extending deeply into both families.”可知A、B两项是中国人对待友谊的做法，而美国人不那样做，故错误；根据第一段的“If the same two people meet again by
40、chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship.” 可知C项正确；根据第二段的“The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine.”可知D错误。14What does the underlined part “generous with our time” in Par
41、agraph 2 probably mean?Astrict with timeBserious with timeCcareful with timeDwilling to spend time解析：选D词义猜测题。由前面的“they dont show their .of time”和“This is usually the opposite .in our country”可知，画线词语指慷慨地花费时间接送朋友、陪伴朋友。故选D。15Which is a suitable title for this passage?AFriendships between ChineseBFriend
42、ships between AmericansCAmericans hospitalityDAmericans and Chineses views of friendships解析：选D标题归纳题。文章主要描述了中国人和美国人对待友谊的不同观点和做法，故选D。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Being kind is a necessary quality to keep a longterm and healthy relationship. 16 When you are pleasing,
43、 you tend to have very few personal boundaries (底线)That makes you appear weak to others and become a pushover(听从的人)There are several ways to help you avoid being a pushover.Expect respect.Imagine what it would be like to be treated with respect. 17 Have you noticed that selflove, selfrespect and sel
44、fawareness all begin with the word “self”？This is because these characters can only be developed by you. 18 Anger is what warns you that danger is near and helps you protect yourself and others.Tell the truth if you disagree with someone or something.Learn to express what you think and feel about a
45、situation.Learn to use your anger to set limits.Say no.Your noes show your likes and dislikes.They make you clear as a person to others. 19 If someone else is let down because of a healthy and productive decision you need to make, it is not your responsibility.Ask for what you want.You cannot get al
46、l the resources you need in the pursuit (追求) of your success and happiness if you dont speak up. 20 This attitude is harmful.Just be clear about your body language, tone and eye contact when expressing your needs.AExpress your emotions, including anger.BYou must first respect yourself to have this h
47、appen.CHowever, there is a fine line between a person who is kind and pleasing.DMost people who are pleasing feel guilty about asking for what they want.EMany feel uncomfortable about saying no because someone may be let down.FPleasing comes from fear and is always accompanied by a lack of confidenc
48、e.GWhen you please others, your happiness is dependent on the approval of others.16选C通读全文可知，本文围绕不要讨好别人展开。与人为善和讨好别人之间是有区别的，C项承上启下。17选B根据该空后面的内容可知，想获得别人的尊重就先要自重，选B。18选A通读本段内容可知，A项可以统领本段内容。19选EE项中的“someone may be let down”和接下来的内容吻合。20选D本段的主旨句是“Ask for what you want.”，下句“This attitude is harmful”指的即是D项中
49、的“feel guilty”。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Kindness is always part of our heart.I think it rests inside us the moment we were born.Depending on our own life, 21 is different in every one of us.Some later time in our lives we might learn or realize it.If we c
50、ould read our 22 thoughts when we meet somebody, we would realize most people live 23 in the heart of a mountain or in a cave because they dont want to communicate with others. 24 if we could read our second thoughts, we would all look for peoples hands, hold them and feel our hearts warm.In second
51、thoughts most usually, most people become willing to 25 others.We need to 26 our thoughts to tell us what to do.Let our thoughts speak and try our best to be kind.We need to do as many kind things as we can, because time and practice will bring kindness 27 our first thoughts.I read some touching sto
52、ries, and they exercise my mind and provide courage for me to 28 on my own kind thoughts.It was late yesterday when I finished my work.I was 29 but had nothing prepared for dinner 30 I wanted to get some food outside.I 31 some warm food from a nearby shop to eat at home.On my way home, I noticed a h
53、omeless man was 32 the garbage.Without hesitation, I went 33 to him and offered my food.I told him I just bought it and it was still 34 .He thanked me again and again and took it happily.He really 35 my offering.Ive seen other homeless people before and always thought of 36 them something but never
54、had the 37 to do it.I did do it yesterday 38 .I now still remember the 39 on the homeless mans face.Yesterdays 40 gave me the will and energy to do more.I always believe that good is rewarded with good.A small act of kindness can make a great difference.21A.confidenceBkindnessCindependence Dbravery解
55、析：选B根据上文“Kindness is always part of our heart.”可知，作者在此处讨论的是善良的问题。22A.last BoldCnew Dfirst解析：选D根据下文“.if we could read our second thoughts, we would all look for peoples hands, hold them and feel our hearts warm.”可知，如果我们能够解读我们的第二想法，我们会寻求帮助。由此可知，此处讨论的是我们解读自己第一想法时会做出的选择。23A.alone BhappilyCpeacefully Dlu
56、ckily解析：选A根据下文“.because they dont want to communicate with others.”可知，当我们遇到一个人，如果我们解读自己的第一个想法，大多数人都宁愿独自活在内心的深山或洞穴里因为他们不想与其他人交流。24A.Because BUntilCBut DAnd解析：选C根据下文“.if we could read our second thoughts, we would all look for peoples hands .”可知，但是如果我们再仔细思考，我们都会寻求别人的援手，抓住他们，即寻求帮助。与上文是转折关系。25A.forgive
57、BpraiseCaccept Dhelp解析：选D根据上文内容可知，我们会意识到人们都需要帮助；再结合下文作者帮助流浪汉的经历可知，多数人都会变得愿意帮助别人。26A.allow BorderCtrain Dexpect解析：选A根据上文内容可知，我们通过第二念头(仔细思考)会让自己乐于帮助他人，因此我们要允许我们的思想告诉我们去做什么。27A.without BasCover Dbeyond解析：选B时间和练习会将善良作为第一想法带给我们，即时间和练习会把我们的第一想法变成善意的念头。28A.act BworkCpass Drely解析：选A根据下文作者讲述的帮助流浪汉的事迹可知，作者凭着善
58、良的想法做出了行动。act .on，按照做出行动。29A.poor BtiredCsad Dhungry解析：选D根据下文“.but had nothing prepared for dinner .”可知，作者饿了，但是没准备晚饭。30A.for BsoCsince Dafter解析：选B根据上下文“.but had nothing prepared for dinner 30 I wanted to get some food outside.”可知，作者没有准备晚饭，因此他准备出去弄点吃的。31A.cooked BfoundCbought Dborrowed解析：选C根据下文“.from
59、 a nearby shop to eat at home.”可知，作者从附近的商店买了一些热食。32A.stealing BcarryingCcleaning Dsearching解析：选D作者在回家的路上发现一个流浪汉在翻垃圾。33A.straight BslowlyCcarefully Dfreely解析：选A根据上文“Without hesitation .”可知，作者没有犹豫，径直走向那个流浪汉。34A.alive BwarmCdelicious Dsweet解析：选B根据上文“.some warm food .”可知，作者买的食物是热的。35A.ignored BrefusedCa
60、ppreciated Dvalued解析：选C根据上文“He thanked me again and again .”可知，那个流浪汉一次又一次向作者道谢，由此可知他真的很感激作者的施舍。36A.offering BlendingCshowing Dteaching解析：选A作者一直都想给遇到的流浪汉提供一些东西。37A.opportunity BwillCcourage Dtime解析：选C根据上文第二段“I read some touching stories, and they exercise my mind and provide courage for me .”可知，作者一直想
61、帮助流浪汉，可是没有勇气。但他读到一些感人的故事，这些故事锻炼了他的思维并且带给他勇气。38A.secretly BeventuallyCsilently Dcalmly解析：选B根据上文内容可知，作者一直都想给流浪汉一些东西，他前一天把食物给了流浪汉，他终于做到了。39A.smile BconfusionCastonishment Dfear解析：选A根据上文第三段“He thanked me again and again and took it happily.”可知，那个流浪汉开心地接受了作者的食物。由此可知，流浪汉的脸上挂着微笑。40A.adventure BarrangementC
62、accident Dexperience解析：选D昨天的经历，即把食物提供给流浪汉，让作者有了去做更多善事的意愿和精力。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Does the early bird catch the worm? That is not necessarily so according to recent research 41 (conduct) by an American professor.Research shows that when work schedules agree with p
63、eoples natural sleep patterns, they produce 42 (high) quality and more creative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier. 43 opposite is also true when employees do not have plenty of sleep, they are more likely 44 (make) mistakes and suffer from workplace injuries.
64、45 (sad), for many of us, our work schedules do not agree with our natural body clocks. Many companies start the work day too early, 46 (put) their work schedules in disagreement with their employees body clocks. That disagreement, along with the 47 (press) from work at all hours of the day and nigh
65、t, means that many pople suffer 48 “social jetlag (社会时差)”. In other words, their bodies are always in the wrong time zone.The sad news is 49 most of the working population today are getting up earlier than they should. It is high time that these companies 50 (adjust) their work schedules so that the
66、ir employees could have enough sleep.语篇解读：早起的鸟儿一定有虫吃吗？研究表明工作时间与人的生物钟相一致时，工作效率较高；反之，工作效率较低。41conductedconducted by an American professor是过去分词短语作定语，修饰research, 分词动作conduct与逻辑主语research之间是被动关系。42higher本空与本空后的“more creative”构成并列，故填high的比较级。这里是将员工工作时间和人体的自然睡眠模式一致时与员工被剥夺了睡眠时间时相比较。 43Thethe opposite是“the 形
67、容词”表示一类事物。44to makebe likely to do sth.意思是“很可能会做某事”。45Sadly空格中所填单词在句中修饰整个句子，需用sad的副词形式。46puttingputting their work schedules in disagreement with their employees body clocks是现在分词短语作状语，分词动作put与逻辑主语many companies之间是主动关系。47pressure空格中所填单词在句中作along with的宾语且前有the，需用名词；由语境可知此处表示“压力”，故填pressure。48fromsuffe
68、r from表示“遭受痛苦”。49thatthat引导表语从句，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。50adjusted/should adjust句型it is high time that后面从句中的谓语动词用过去式或用“should动词原形”，但should不可省略。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词
69、下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The person I would like to interview him is Yang Liwei. I would really like to interview him because he is not only one of the greatest astronaut in the world but also the first Chinese go to space. I have long been interesting in space exploratio
70、n. And I believe I could learn a greatly deal from him about it. If I could interview him, I would ask him that made him become an astronaut or how he was trained. I would also like to know how he feel in space and whether space travel is as exciting as what is describing in some books. Finally, I w
71、ould like to ask a few questions about their personal life, which must be very different.答案：第一句：去掉him第二句：astronautastronauts; go前加to 第三句：interestinginterested第四句：greatlygreat第五句：thatwhat; orand第六句：feelfelt; describingdescribed第七句：theirhis.书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你的英国好友玛丽考试失败，对自己失去了信心，产生了厌学情绪。请你给她发一封邮件开导她，
72、要点如下：1不要过于伤心；2放松，减少焦虑心理；3和老师交流有助于提高成绩；4探索适合自己的有效学习方式。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Dear Mary，I am sorry to hear that you failed the exams and have lost interest in schoolwork.In my opinion, grades are not the only purpose of learning, so dont feel too bad.At this moment, you should take it eas
73、y and find ways to reduce your anxiety.Why not go on an outing with your friends or find time to listen to your favorite music? If you can talk to the teachers that you respect most, they may give you some practical advice that help you to improve.Probably its time for you to explore a new learning method which is better and more suitable for you.Anyway, I hope you can rebuild your selfconfidence soon!Yours truly，Li Hua
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