2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 课时作业11 UNIT 4 SectionⅡ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（含解析）译林版必修第一册.docx

1、Unit4SectionGrammarandusage&Integratedskills.阅读理解AWhatsyouropiniononspicyfood? Somepeoplecannothandleeventhesmallestamountofthechili(辣椒)intheirdinnerwhileotherscantgetenoughofit.Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovechilieswhileothersloathethem.Plentyofresearchhasbeendoneonthesubject, dati

2、ngasfarbackasthe1970s.Previousresultsshowedthataloveofchiliesisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences, andculturalinfluencesaffectourtastebuds, too.Butthelateststudyhasfoundthatapersonsloveofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtohisorherpersonalitymorethananythingelse, CBCNewsreported.“Wehavealwaysassumedthatlikingdrivesint

3、akeweeatwhatwelikeandwelikewhatweeat.Butnoonehasactuallydirectlybotheredtoconnectthesepersonalitytraits(特点)withtheintakeofchilipeppers，”saidProfessorJohnHayesfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity, wholedthestudy.Butbeforeyoulookatthestudy, youshouldfirstknowthat“spicy”isnotataste, unlikesour, sweet, bitte

4、randsalty.Itis, infact, aburningsensationthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue.Thisgotscientiststhinkingthatmaybealoveofspicyfoodisbroughtaboutbypeopleslongingforthrills, somethingtheyusuallygetfromwatchingactionmoviesorridingarollercoaster.Inthestudy, 97participants, bothmaleandfemale, wereaskedtofil

5、loutquestionnairesaboutcertaintraitsoftheirpersonalities, forexample, whethertheylikenewexperiencesortendtoavoidrisks.Theywerethengivencupsofwaterwithcapsaicin, theplantchemicalthatmakeschiliesburn, mixedintothem.Bycomparingtheanswerstothequestionnairesandwhatparticipantssaidtheyfeltaboutthespicywat

6、er, researchersfoundthatthosewhoweremosttendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater.Interestingly, weusedtobelievethatthereasonwhysomepeoplecanwithstandspicyfoodisthattheirtongueshavebecomelesssensitivetoit.However, thislateststudyhasfoundotherwise.“Itsnotthat

7、itdoesntburnasbadly, butitsthatyouactuallylearntoliketheburn，”explainedHayes.1Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“loathe”inthesecondparagraph?ADislike.BFear.CPutupwith.DAdaptto.2WhatdidProfessorJohnHayesandhisteamdiscoverfromtheirstudy?AWhatweeatactuallyhelpstodevelopourpersonalities.BMalesaremorelik

8、elytoenjoyspicyfoodthanfemales.CThosetryingtoavoidriskstendtobelessinterestedinspicyfood.DPeoplearewrongtotreatspicyasakindoftasteratherthanafeeling.3Whydosomepeoplelikespicyfoodaccordingtotherecentstudy?ABecausetheirtastebudshavebecomelesssensitive.BBecausetheylovetheburningsensation.CBecausetheywa

9、nttochallengethemselves.DBecausethemoretheytryspicyfood, thelessitburns.4Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?AHisorherparentsdietsdecidehisorherpersonality.BThelateststudyshowswhetherapersonenjoysspicyfoodlargelydependshisorherpersonality.CHisorherchildhoodexperiencesdecidehisorherpersonality.DHisorhercult

10、uralbackgrounddecideshisorherpersonality.BIfyouareoverweight, youshouldwatchyourdietcarefullyinordertokeepfit.Thebestwaytodothisistostartaweightcontrolprogram.Atfirstitiswisetotalkwithyourdoctor.Hecanadviseyouofthenumberofcaloriesyoushouldhaveinyourmealseachday.Hecantellyouaboutexercisingwhileyouare

11、onadiet.Agoodruleistoloseslowly.Alossofapoundortwoisplenty.Planmealsaroundfoodsyouknow.Thismeansthatitiswisetoincludefoodsthatyouareusedtoandthatarepartofyourregulareatinghabits.Whenyouhavelosttheweightyouwish, simpleitemscanbeaddedtoyourdietsothatyoucanmaintaintheweightyouwant.Whileyouaredieting, t

12、rytobuildapatternofeatingthatyoucanfollowlatertomaintainyourweight.Whendieting, chooselowcaloriefoods.Avoiditemssuchasfats, friedfood, sweets, cakes, creamandsoftdrinks.Trytotakecoffeeandteawithoutsugarorcream.Snackscanbepartofyourdiet.Forexample, apieceoffruitorasimpledessertsavedfrommealtimecanbee

13、atenbetweenmeals.Keepbusy! Thiswayyouwillnotbelikelytogooffthediet.Makefulluseofchancestoexercise.Trywalkinginsteadofridingwheneverpossible.Happydieting!5Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?AHowweshoulddiet.BWhyweshoulddiet.CWhenweshoulddiet.DWhetherweshoulddiet.6Whatdoesthewriteradviseustodo?ADietwit

14、houtanyplan.BCarelittleaboutourfoods.CLoseweightasfastaspossible.DTalkwithourdoctorsbeforedieting.7Whenyouhavelosttheweightyouwish, youcan_.AeatasmanyfoodsasyoulikeBmakefulluseofchancestorestCstopallyourweightcontrolprogramsDhavesomemoresimpleitemsinyourdiet.完形填空Sincetheageofthree, ChelsieHillhaddre

15、amedofbecomingadancer.That_1_nearlyendedonenightin2010.Hill, thena17yearoldhighschoolstudentinCalifornia, sufferedacaraccidentthatputherinthehospitalfor51daysandleftherparalyzed(瘫痪的)fromthewaistdown.Formostpeople, thatwouldhave_2_thehopeofadancingcareer.ForHill, itwasthebeginning.Farfrombeinga(n)_3_

16、，herwheelchairencouragedher.“IwantedtoprovetomycommunityandtomyselfthatIwasstillnormal，”shesaid, “whatevernormalmeant.”Normalforhermeantdancing._4_，Hilldiditinherwheelchairrightalongsidehernondisabledhighschooldanceteam.“Halfofmybodywastakenawayfromme, andIhavetomoveitwithmyhands，”saidHill.“It_5_too

17、kalotoflearningandpatience.”Aftergraduation, Hillwantedtoexpandherdancenetworkto_6_womenlikeher.Shemetpeopleonlinewhohadsufferedvariousspinalcord(脊髓)injuriesbutsharedher_7_，andsheinvitedthemtodancewithher._8_toreachmorepeopleinalargercity, HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabi

18、litiesshecalledtheRollettes.Hillhas_9_whatmanyofusneverwill: herchildhooddream.Andformanyofher_10_，itwasthefirsttimetheydfeltasenseof_11_.TheysaythatbeingpartoftheRollettesteamhasmadethemmore_12_.Thedancersarenttheonlyonesfeeling_13_.OnewomansawaYouTubevideooftheteamcompetingandcommented, “Youareso_

19、14_！TobeinawheelchairandstillbesobeautifulconvincesmethatIcanbebeautifultoo! Imreallyvery_15_toyou！”,1A.choiceBinterestCambitionDexperience2A.stolenBstartedCchangedDbroken3A.barrierBexcuseCfailureDembarrassment4A.HoweverBThereforeCInsteadDMeanwhile5A.certainlyBstrangelyCdeliberatelyDapproximately6A.

20、satisfyBincludeCcomfortDacknowledge7A.determinationBwisdomCfreedomDvalue8A.AgreeingBOfferingCHopingDManaging9A.soughtBattainedCrecognizedDdiscovered10A.fansBdoctorsCteachersDteammates11A.emergencyBdutyChonorDbelonging12A.confidentBgenerousCfamousDconsiderate13A.inspiredBshockedCrelievedDrewarded14A.

21、stubbornBsuccessfulCinfluentialDawesome15A.closeBfaithfulCgratefulDsimilar课时作业(十一).阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主要向我们介绍了一项关于人为什么喜欢辣味食物的研究。研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣味食物跟一个人的个性有关。1答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chilies while others loathe them.”可知科学家们对于为什么一些人很喜欢辣椒而其他人很不喜欢辣椒感到很困惑。

22、根据while可知前后为对比关系，loathe与love为反义词，意为“不喜欢”，所以A选项是正确的。2答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“researchers found that those who were most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water”可知，研究人员发现那些喜欢冒险的人更喜欢辣椒水。由此可知不喜欢冒险的人不喜欢辣味食物，所以C选项是正确的。3答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“in fa

23、ct，a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue”可知辣味的食物会给舌头带来燃烧的感觉，以及最后一段中的“Its not that it doesnt burn as badly, but its that you actually learn to like the burn，explained Hayes.”可知人们喜欢吃辣味食物是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉，所以B选项是正确的。4答案与解析：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣味食物与一个人的个性有关。所以B选项是正确的。B【语篇解读】主题：人

24、与自我(健康的生活方式)；话题：如何减肥。本文主要阐述了健康减肥的方式。5答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第二、三、四段的首句可知，本文是在提供建议，因此应选A项。6答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At first it is wise to talk with your doctor.”可知应选D项。7答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you wan

25、t.”可知选D项。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Chelsie Hill在三岁时就梦想着未来成为一名舞蹈演员，但很不幸的是，她在十七岁时遭遇了严重的车祸，致使她腰部以下全部瘫痪。然而，她并没有因此放弃自己的梦想，而是通过努力练习学会了在轮椅上跳舞，并且还组建了由残疾人组成的舞蹈队，她的事迹鼓舞了很多人。1答案与解析：C考查名词。句意：那个夙愿在2010年的一个晚上差一点就结束了。2答案与解析：D考查动词。句意：对大部分人而言，那很可能会让他们从事舞蹈事业的希望破灭。3答案与解析：A考查名词。句意：她的轮椅不但远远没有成为障碍，反而鼓舞了她。4答案与解析：B考查副词。句意：因此，Hil

26、l一直在轮椅上和她高中学校的非残疾人舞蹈队一起跳舞。5答案与解析：A考查副词。句意：这当然需要很多练习和耐心。6答案与解析：B考查动词。句意：毕业后，Hill想要扩大她的舞蹈队伍，把像她一样的女性吸纳进来。7答案与解析：A考查名词。句意：她在网上遇到了各种各样的遭受脊髓损伤但和她一样有决心的人，她邀请她们与她一起跳舞。8答案与解析：C考查动词。句意：Hill希望能在更大的城市接触到更多的人，她于2014年搬到了洛杉矶，并且组建了一支她称之为“Rollettes”的残疾人舞蹈队。9答案与解析：B考查动词。句意：Hill获得了我们很多人从未获得的东西她童年的梦想。10答案与解析：D考查名词。句意：对她的很多队友而言，那是她们首次有了归属感。11答案与解析：D考查名词。句意：参考上题。12答案与解析：A考查形容词。句意：她们说成为Rollettes舞蹈队的一员让她们更自信了。13答案与解析：A考查形容词。句意：受到激励的不仅仅是这些舞者。14答案与解析：D考查形容词。此处指“你们真是太棒了！”15答案与解析：C考查形容词。此处指“我真的非常感激你们！”